A Novel Low-Cost Approach to Estimate the Incidence of Japanese Encephalitis in the Catchment Area of Three Hospitals in Bangladesh

Repon C. Paul International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B); Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh; World Health Organization, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia

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Mahmudur Rahman International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B); Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh; World Health Organization, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia

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Emily S. Gurley International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B); Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh; World Health Organization, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia

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M. Jahangir Hossain International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B); Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh; World Health Organization, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia

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Serguei Diorditsa International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B); Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh; World Health Organization, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia

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ASM Mainul Hasan International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B); Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh; World Health Organization, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia

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Sultana S. Banu International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B); Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh; World Health Organization, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia

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ASM Alamgir International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B); Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh; World Health Organization, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia

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Muhammad Aziz Rahman International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B); Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh; World Health Organization, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia

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Hardeep Sandhu International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B); Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh; World Health Organization, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia

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Marc Fischer International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B); Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh; World Health Organization, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia

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Stephen P. Luby International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B); Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh; World Health Organization, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia

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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0706
Volume/Issue:
Volume 85: Issue 2
Page(s):
379–385
Restricted access
Get Permissions

Acute meningoencephalitis syndrome surveillance was initiated in three medical college hospitals in Bangladesh in October 2007 to identify Japanese encephalitis (JE) cases. We estimated the population-based incidence of JE in the three hospitals' catchment areas by adjusting the hospital-based crude incidence of JE by the proportion of catchment area meningoencephalitis cases who were admitted to surveillance hospitals. Instead of a traditional house-to-house survey, which is expensive for a disease with low frequency, we attempted a novel approach to identify meningoencephalitis cases in the hospital catchment area through social networks among the community residents. The estimated JE incidence was 2.7/100,000 population in Rajshahi (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.8–4.9), 1.4 in Khulna (95% CI = 0.9–4.1), and 0.6 in Chittagong (95% CI = 0.4–0.9). Bangladesh should consider a pilot project to introduce JE vaccine in high-incidence areas.

Author Notes

*Address correspondence to Repon C. Paul, Program on Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Sciences, ICDDR,B, 68 Shahid Tajuddin Ahmed Sharani, Mohakhali, Draka-1212, Bangladesh. E-mail: repon@icddrb.org

Financial support: This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA (CDC), cooperative award number I-U01-C1000298, and South-East Asia Regional Office (SEARO), World Health Organization (WHO), allotment no. SE BAN AAD 210 XC 08 8. ICDDR,B acknowledges with gratitude the commitment of the CDC and WHO to the ICDDR,B's research efforts.

Authors' addresses: Repon C. Paul, Emily S. Gurley, and Stephen P. Luby, Programme on Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Sciences, ICDDR,B, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh, E-mails: repon@icddrb.org, egurley@icddrb.org, and sluby@icddrb.org. Mahmudur Rahman, Sultana S. Banu, and ASM Alamgir, Institute of Epidemiology Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh, E-mails: mrahman@citeecho.net, sultana_aus@yahoo.com, and aalamgir@gmail.com. M. Jahangir Hossain, Clinical Sciences Division, ICDDR,B, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh, E-mail: jhossain@icddrb.org. Serguei Diorditsa, World Health Organization, Dhaka, Bangladesh, E-mail: diorditsas@searo.who.int. ASM Mainul Hasan, World Health Organization, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh, E-mail: hasana@searo.who.int. Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Discipline of Public Health, School of Population Health and Clinical Practice, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia, E-mail: drazizdmc@yahoo.com. Hardeep Sandhu, Global Immunization Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, E-mail: hjs3@cdc.gov. Marc Fischer, Surveillance and Epidemiology Activity, Arboviral Diseases Branch, DVBID, NCZVED, CDC, E-mail: mfischer@cdc.gov.

Copyright:
©The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2011
Received:
15 Dec 2010
|
Accepted:
09 Apr 2011
|
Published Online:
01 Aug 2011
Cover The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Print ISSN:
0002-9637
Online ISSN:
1476-1645
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