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1.
van Thiel PPAM, Leenstra T, de Vries HJ, van der Sluis A, van Gool T, Krull AC, van Vugt M, de Vries PJ, Zeegelaar JE, Bart A, van der Meide WF, Schallig HDFH, Faber WR, Kager PA, 2010. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (Leishmania major Infection) in Dutch troops deployed in Nothern Afghanistan: epidemilogy, clinical aspects, and treatment. Am J Trop Med Hyg 83: 1294–1300.
-
2.
Reithinger R, Dujardin JC, Louzir H, Pirmez C, Alexander B, Brooker S, 2007. Cutaneous leishmaniasis. Lancet Infect Dis 7: 581–596.
-
3.
Marfurt J, Nassereddin A, Niederweiser I, Jaffe CL, Beck HP, Felger I, 2003. Identification and differentiation of Leishmania species in clinical samples by PCR amplification of the miniexon sequence and subsequent restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. J Clin Microbiol 41: 3147–3153.
-
4.
Elfari M, Schnur LF, Strelkova MV, Eisenberger CL, Jacobson RL, Greenblatt CL, Presber W, Schönian G, 2005. Genetic and biological diversity among populations of Leishmania major from Central Asia, the Middle East and Africa. Microbes Infect 7: 93–103.
-
5.
Tamura K, Dudley J, Nei M, Kumar S, 2007. MEGA4: molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) software version 4.0. Mol Biol Evol 24: 1596–1599.
-
6.
Rioux JA, Lanotte G, Serres E, Pratlong F, Bastien P, Perieres J, 1990. Taxonomy of Leishmania. Use of isoenzymes. Suggestions for a new classification. Ann Parasitol Hum Comp 65: 111–125.
-
7.
van Thiel PPAM, Leenstra T, Kager PA, de Vries HJ, van Vugt M, van der Meide WF, Bart A, Zeegelaar JE, van der Sluis AJ, Schallig HDFH, van Gool T, Faber WR, de Vries PJ, 2010. Miltefosine treatment of Leishmania major infection: an observational study involving Dutch military personnel returning from northern Afghanistan. Clin Infect Dis 50: 80–83.
-
8.
Tashakori M, Kuhls K, Al-Jawabreh A, Mauricio IL, Schönian G, Farajnia S, Alimohammadian MH, 2006. Leishmania major: genetic heterogeneity of Iranian isolates by single-strand conformation polymorphism and sequence analysis of ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer. Acta Trop 98: 52–58.
-
9.
Al-Jawabreh A, Diezmann S, Müller M, Wirth T, Schnur LF, Strelkova MV, Kovalenko DA, Razakov SA, Schwenkenbecher J, Kuhls K, Schönian G, 2008. Identification of geographically distributed sub-populations of Leishmania (Leishmania) major by microsatellite analysis. BMC Evol Biol 8: 183.
-
10.
Schönian G, Mauricio I, Gramiccia M, Cañavate C, Boelaert M, Dujardin JC, 2008. Leishmanasis in the Mediterranean in the era of molecular epidemiology. Trends Parasitol 24: 135–142.
-
11.
Reithinger R, Dujardin JC, 2007. Molecular diagnosis of leishmaniasis: current status and future applications. J Clin Microbiol 45: 21–25.
-
12.
Lynn MA, McMaster WR, 2008. Leishmania: conserved evolution-diverse disease. Trends Parasitol 24: 103–105.
-
13.
Pratlong F, Dereure J, Ravel C, Lami P, Balard Y, Serres G, Lanotte G, Rioux JA, Dedet JP, 2009. Geographical distribution and epidemiological features of Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis foci, based on the isoenzyme analysis of 1048 strains. Trop Med Int Health 14: 1071–1085.
-
14.
Schönian G, Kuhls K, Mauricio IL, 2010. Molecular approaches for a better understanding of the epidemiology and population genetics of Leishmania. Parasitology 16: 1–21.
-
15.
Kuhls K, Chicharro C, Cañavate C, Cortes S, Campino L, Haralambous C, Soteriadou K, Pratlong F, Dedet JP, Mauricio I, Miles M, Schaar M, Ochsenreither S, Radtke OA, Schönian G, 2008. Differentiation and gene flow among European populations of Leishmania infantum MON-1. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2: e261.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
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| Abstract Views | 234 | 209 | 12 |
| Full Text Views | 236 | 10 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 42 | 9 | 0 |
Variation in Clinical Presentation and Genotype of Causative Leishmania major Strain in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in North and South Afghanistan
Pieter-Paul A. M. van Thiel
Pieter-Paul A. M. van Thiel
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine and AIDS and Center for Infection and Immunity, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Netherlands Ministry of Defence, The Hague, The Netherlands; Department of Medical Microbiology, Section of Parasitology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Dermatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Tom van Gool
Tom van Gool
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine and AIDS and Center for Infection and Immunity, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Netherlands Ministry of Defence, The Hague, The Netherlands; Department of Medical Microbiology, Section of Parasitology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Dermatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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William R. Faber
William R. Faber
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine and AIDS and Center for Infection and Immunity, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Netherlands Ministry of Defence, The Hague, The Netherlands; Department of Medical Microbiology, Section of Parasitology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Dermatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Tjalling Leenstra
Tjalling Leenstra
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine and AIDS and Center for Infection and Immunity, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Netherlands Ministry of Defence, The Hague, The Netherlands; Department of Medical Microbiology, Section of Parasitology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Dermatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Piet A. Kager
Piet A. Kager
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine and AIDS and Center for Infection and Immunity, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Netherlands Ministry of Defence, The Hague, The Netherlands; Department of Medical Microbiology, Section of Parasitology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Dermatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Aldert Bart
Aldert Bart
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine and AIDS and Center for Infection and Immunity, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Netherlands Ministry of Defence, The Hague, The Netherlands; Department of Medical Microbiology, Section of Parasitology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Dermatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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A different clinical picture and therapeutic response were observed when data from Leishmania major-infected Dutch military personnel stationed in southern (N = 8) and northern (N = 169) Afghanistan were analyzed. Clinical presentation of cutaneous leishmaniasis in personnel in the south was milder and seemed to respond better to antileishmanial treatment; molecular analyses of parasite isolates seem to indicate that these differences may be genetic.
Author Notes
Authors' addresses: Pieter-Paul A. M. van Thiel and Tjalling Leenstra, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine and AIDS and Center for Infection and Immunity, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands and Netherlands Ministry of Defence, The Hague, The Netherlands, E-mails: p.p.vanthiel@amc.uva.nl. and t.leenstra@mindef.nl. Piet A. Kager, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine and AIDS and Center for Infection and Immunity, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, E-mail: p.a.kager@amc.uva.nl. Aldert Bart and Tom van Gool, Department of Medical Microbiology, Section of Parasitology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, E-mails: a.bart@amc.uva.nl and t.vangool@amc.uva.nl. William R. Faber, Department of Dermatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, E-mail: w.r.faber@amc.uva.nl.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
van Thiel PPAM, Leenstra T, de Vries HJ, van der Sluis A, van Gool T, Krull AC, van Vugt M, de Vries PJ, Zeegelaar JE, Bart A, van der Meide WF, Schallig HDFH, Faber WR, Kager PA, 2010. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (Leishmania major Infection) in Dutch troops deployed in Nothern Afghanistan: epidemilogy, clinical aspects, and treatment. Am J Trop Med Hyg 83: 1294–1300.
-
2.
Reithinger R, Dujardin JC, Louzir H, Pirmez C, Alexander B, Brooker S, 2007. Cutaneous leishmaniasis. Lancet Infect Dis 7: 581–596.
-
3.
Marfurt J, Nassereddin A, Niederweiser I, Jaffe CL, Beck HP, Felger I, 2003. Identification and differentiation of Leishmania species in clinical samples by PCR amplification of the miniexon sequence and subsequent restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. J Clin Microbiol 41: 3147–3153.
-
4.
Elfari M, Schnur LF, Strelkova MV, Eisenberger CL, Jacobson RL, Greenblatt CL, Presber W, Schönian G, 2005. Genetic and biological diversity among populations of Leishmania major from Central Asia, the Middle East and Africa. Microbes Infect 7: 93–103.
-
5.
Tamura K, Dudley J, Nei M, Kumar S, 2007. MEGA4: molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) software version 4.0. Mol Biol Evol 24: 1596–1599.
-
6.
Rioux JA, Lanotte G, Serres E, Pratlong F, Bastien P, Perieres J, 1990. Taxonomy of Leishmania. Use of isoenzymes. Suggestions for a new classification. Ann Parasitol Hum Comp 65: 111–125.
-
7.
van Thiel PPAM, Leenstra T, Kager PA, de Vries HJ, van Vugt M, van der Meide WF, Bart A, Zeegelaar JE, van der Sluis AJ, Schallig HDFH, van Gool T, Faber WR, de Vries PJ, 2010. Miltefosine treatment of Leishmania major infection: an observational study involving Dutch military personnel returning from northern Afghanistan. Clin Infect Dis 50: 80–83.
-
8.
Tashakori M, Kuhls K, Al-Jawabreh A, Mauricio IL, Schönian G, Farajnia S, Alimohammadian MH, 2006. Leishmania major: genetic heterogeneity of Iranian isolates by single-strand conformation polymorphism and sequence analysis of ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer. Acta Trop 98: 52–58.
-
9.
Al-Jawabreh A, Diezmann S, Müller M, Wirth T, Schnur LF, Strelkova MV, Kovalenko DA, Razakov SA, Schwenkenbecher J, Kuhls K, Schönian G, 2008. Identification of geographically distributed sub-populations of Leishmania (Leishmania) major by microsatellite analysis. BMC Evol Biol 8: 183.
-
10.
Schönian G, Mauricio I, Gramiccia M, Cañavate C, Boelaert M, Dujardin JC, 2008. Leishmanasis in the Mediterranean in the era of molecular epidemiology. Trends Parasitol 24: 135–142.
-
11.
Reithinger R, Dujardin JC, 2007. Molecular diagnosis of leishmaniasis: current status and future applications. J Clin Microbiol 45: 21–25.
-
12.
Lynn MA, McMaster WR, 2008. Leishmania: conserved evolution-diverse disease. Trends Parasitol 24: 103–105.
-
13.
Pratlong F, Dereure J, Ravel C, Lami P, Balard Y, Serres G, Lanotte G, Rioux JA, Dedet JP, 2009. Geographical distribution and epidemiological features of Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis foci, based on the isoenzyme analysis of 1048 strains. Trop Med Int Health 14: 1071–1085.
-
14.
Schönian G, Kuhls K, Mauricio IL, 2010. Molecular approaches for a better understanding of the epidemiology and population genetics of Leishmania. Parasitology 16: 1–21.
-
15.
Kuhls K, Chicharro C, Cañavate C, Cortes S, Campino L, Haralambous C, Soteriadou K, Pratlong F, Dedet JP, Mauricio I, Miles M, Schaar M, Ochsenreither S, Radtke OA, Schönian G, 2008. Differentiation and gene flow among European populations of Leishmania infantum MON-1. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2: e261.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 234 | 209 | 12 |
| Full Text Views | 236 | 10 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 42 | 9 | 0 |