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Dengue vaccines are currently in development and policymakers need appropriate economic studies to determine their potential financial and public health impact. We searched five databases (PubMed, EMBASE, LILAC, EconLit, and WHOLIS) to identify health economics studies of dengue. Forty-three manuscripts were identified that provided primary data: 32 report economic burden of dengue and nine are comparative economic analyses assessing various interventions. The remaining two were a willingness-to-pay study and a policymaker survey. An expert panel reviewed the existing dengue economic literature and recommended future research to fill information gaps. Although dengue is an important vector-borne disease, the economic literature is relatively sparse and results have often been conflicting because of use of inconsistent assumptions. Health economic research specific to dengue is urgently needed to ensure informed decision making on the various options for controlling and preventing this disease.
Financial support: PDVI is funded solely by The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (www.gatesfoundation.org). The systematic review was completed as part of the routine work of PDVI. The donor had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Disclosure: LC is an employee of Sanofi Pasteur, a company that is currently developing a dengue vaccine. This statement is made in the interest of full disclosure and not because the authors consider this to be a conflict of interest.
Authors' addresses: Mark E. Beatty, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Korea, E-mail: mbeatty@pdvi.org. Philippe Beutels, Centre for Health Economics Research and Modeling Infectious Diseases (CHERMID), Centre for the Evaluation of Vaccination (CEV), Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium, E-mail: philippe.beutels@ua.ac.be. Martin I. Meltzer, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC/CCID/NCPDCID/DEISS, Atlanta, GA, E-mail: qzm4@CDC.GOV. Donald S. Shepard, Schneider Institutes for Health Policy, Heller School, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, E-mail: shepard@brandeis.edu. Joachim Hombach and Raymond Hutubessy, Initiative for Vaccine Research (IVR), World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, E-mails: hombachj@who.int and hutubessyr@who.int. Damien Dessis, GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, Wavre, Belgium, E-mail: damien.dessis@gskbio.com. Laurent Coudeville, Sanofi Pasteur, Lyon, France, E-mail: laurent.coudeville@sanofipasteur.com. Benoit Dervaux, Université Catholique de Lille, Lille, France, E-mail: benoit.dervaux@univ-lille2.fr. Ole Wichmann, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany, E-mail: WichmannO@rki.de. Harold S. Margolis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dengue Branch, Calle Cañada, San Juan, Puerto Rico, E-mail: hsm1@cdc.gov. Joel N. Kuritsky, United States Agency for International Development, Ronald Reagan Building, Washington, DC, E-mail: jkuritsky@usaid.gov.