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Evaluation of the Naturally Acquired Antibody Immune Response to the Pv200L N-terminal Fragment of Plasmodium vivax Merozoite Surface Protein-1 in Four Areas of the Amazon Region of Brazil
Frequency and levels of IgG antibodies to an N-terminal fragment of the Plasmodium vivax MSP-1 (Pv200L) protein, in individuals naturally exposed to malaria in four endemic areas of Brazil, were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Plasma samples of 261 P. vivax-infected individuals from communities of Macapá, Novo Repartimento, Porto Velho, and Plácido de Castro in the Amazonian region with different malaria transmission intensities. A high mean number of studied individuals (89.3%) presented with antibodies to the Pv200L that correlated with the number of previous malaria infections; there were significant differences in the frequency of the responders (71.9–98.7) and in the antibody levels (1:200–1:51,200) among the four study areas. Results of this study provide evidence that Pv200L is a naturally immunogenic fragment of the PvMSP-1 and is associated with the degree of exposure to parasites. The fine specificity of antibodies to Pv200L is currently being assessed.
Author Notes
Financial support: Work reported in this manuscript was funded in part by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP), São Paulo State, Brazil (02/09546-1) and in part by the Conselho Nacional para o Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil (302353/03-8). LMSM is a PhD student from the Genetic Program of the University of São Paulo State Júlio Mesquita Filho and supported by scholarship from FAPESP. Work in Colombia was jointly sponsored by COLCIENCIAS (grant 1106-04-16489), the Ministry of Social Protection (grant 2304-04-19524) (contract no. 253-2005), and by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID Grant no. 49486/TMRC) and through an International Center of Excellence for Malaria Research NIAID/ICEMR grant no U 19AI089702.
Authors' addresses: Luciane M. Storti-Melo, Wanessa C. Souza-Neiras, Gustavo C. Cassiano, Leonardo C. Taveira, Antônio J. Cordeiro, Andréa R. B. Rossit, and Ricardo L. D. Machado, Centro de Investigação de Microrganismos, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, Vila São Pedro, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil, E-mails: stortilu@yahoo.com.br, wanejan@yahoo.com.br, gcapatti@hotmail.com, Leonardocastro@yahoo.com.br, joseantoniocordeiro70@gmail.com, andrea-regina@vm.uff.br, and ricardomachado@famerp.br. Vanja S. C. A. Couto, Faculdade SEAMA, Macapá, Amapá, Brasil, E-mail: vanjacouto@seama.edu.br. Marinete M. Póvoa, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, Belém, Pará, Brasil, E-mail: marinetepovoa@iec.pa.gov.br. Maristela G. Cunha, Universidade Federal do Pará, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Belém, Pará, Brazil, E-mail: mgcunha@ufpa.br. Diana M. Echeverry, Myriam Arévalo-Herrera, and Sócrates Herrera, Instituto de Imunología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia and Centro Internacional de Vacunas, Cali, Colombia, E-mails: dimeche@gmail.com, marevalo@inmuno.org, and sherrera@inmuno.org.
Reprint requests: Ricardo L. D. Machado, Centro de Investigação de Microrganismos, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, Avenida Brigadeiro Faria Lima 5416, Vila São Pedro, Zipcode: 15090-000, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo Brazil, Tel: 55-17-32015736, Fax: 55-17-32015909, E-mail: ricardomachado@famerp.br.