ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Keiser J, De Castro MC, Maltese MF, Bos R, Tanner M, Singer BH, Utzinger J, 2005. Effect of irrigation and large dams on the burden of malaria on a global and regional scale. Am J Trop Med Hyg 72: 392–406.
-
2.
Bounlu K, Tadano M, Makino Y, Arakaki K, Fukunaga T, 1992. A seroepidemiological study of dengue and Japanese encephalitis virus infections in Vientiane, Lao PDR. Jpn J Trop Med Hyg 38: 172–180.
-
3.
Fukunaga T, Phommasack B, Bounlu K, Saito M, Tadano M, Makino Y, Kanemura K, Arakaki S, Shinjo M, Insisiengmay S, 1994. Epidemiological situation of dengue infection in Lao PDR. Tropical Medicine 35: 219–227.
-
4.
Vallée J, Dubot-Pérés A, Ounaphom P, Sayavong C, Bryant JE, Gonzalez JP, 2009. Spatial distribution and risk factors of dengue and Japanese encephalitis virus infection in urban settings: the case of Vientiane, Lao PDR. Trop Med Int Health 14: 1134–1142.
-
5.
Peyerl-Hoffmann G, Schwobel B, Jordan S, Vamisaveth V, Phetsouvanh R, Christophel EM, Phompida S, Sonnenburg FV, Jelinek T, 2004. Serological investigation of the prevalence of anti-dengue IgM and IgG antibodies in Attapeu Province, south Laos. Clin Microbiol Infect 10: 181–184.
-
6.
Vongxay P, 1995. Epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis in Lao PDR. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 26: 28–30.
-
7.
Erlanger TE, Weiss S, Keiser J, Utzinger J, Wiedenmayer K, 2009. Past, present, and future of Japanese encephalitis. Emerg Infect Dis 15: 1–7.
-
8.
Clarke DH, Casals J, 1958. Techniques for hemagglutination and hemagglutination-inhibition with arthropod-borne viruses. Am J Trop Med Hyg 7: 561–573.
-
9.
Bartley LM, Carabin H, Vinh Chau N, Ho V, Luxemburger C, Hien TT, Garnett GP, Farrar J, 2002. Assessment of the factors associated with flavivirus seroprevalence in a population in southern Vietnam. Epidemiol Infect 128: 213–220.
-
10.
Reiskind MH, Baisley KJ, Calampa C, Sharp TW, Watts DM, Wilson ML, 2001. Epidemiological and ecological characteristics of past dengue virus infection in Santa Clara, Peru. Trop Med Int Health 6: 212–218.
-
11.
Wilder-Smith A, Foo W, Earnest A, Sremulanathan S, Paton NI, 2004. Seroepidemiology of dengue in the adult population of Singapore. Trop Med Int Health 9: 305–308.
-
12.
Thai KT, Binh TQ, Giao PT, Phuong HL, Hungle Q, Van Nam N, Nga TT, Groen J, Nagelkerke N, de Vries PJ, 2005. Seroprevalence of dengue antibodies, annual incidence and risk factors among children in southern Vietnam. Trop Med Int Health 10: 379–386.
-
13.
Tuntaparsat W, Barbazan P, Nitatpattana N, Rongsryam Y, Yoksan S, Gonzalez JP, 2003. Seroepidemiological survey among schoolchildren during the 2000–2001 dengue outbreak of Ratchaburi Province, Thailand. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 34: 564–568.
-
14.
Knox TB, Yen NT, Nam VS, Gatton ML, Kay BH, Ryan PA, 2007. Critical evaluation of quantitative sampling methods for Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) immatures in water storage containers in Vietnam. J Med Entomol 44: 192–204.
-
15.
Rattanarithikul R, Harbach RE, Harrison BA, Panthusiri P, Jones JW, Coleman RE, 2005. Illustrated keys to the mosquitoes of Thailand. II. Genera Culex and Lutzia. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 36 (Suppl 2): 1–97.
-
16.
Rattanarithikul R, Harrison BA, Harbach RE, Panthusiri P, Coleman RE, 2006. Illustrated keys to the mosquitoes of Thailand. IV. Anopheles. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 37 (Suppl 2): 1–128.
-
17.
Rattanarithikul R, Harrison BA, Panthusiri P, Coleman RE, 2005. Illustrated keys to the mosquitoes of Thailand I. Background; geographic distribution; lists of genera, subgenera, and species; and a key to the genera. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 36 (Suppl 1): 1–80.
-
18.
Huang YM, 1972. Contributions to the mosquito fauna of Southeast Asia XIV. The subgenus Stegomyia of Aedes in Southeast Asia. I–the Scutellaris group of species. Contrib Am Entomol Inst 9: 1–109.
-
19.
Tsuda Y, Kobayashi J, Nambanya S, Miyagi I, Toma T, Phompida S, Manivang K, 2002. An ecological survey of dengue vector mosquitos in central Lao PDR. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 33: 63–67.
.png)
Serological Investigations of Flavivirus Prevalence in Khammouane Province, Lao People's Democratic Republic, 2007–2008
A large-scale cross-sectional seroprevalence study of dengue (DEN) and Japanese encephalitis (JE) was conducted in Khammouane province, Lao PDR, as part of the initial baseline health impact assessment of the Nam Theun 2 hydroelectric dam construction project. Health surveys were performed between May 2007 and February 2008 with serum samples collected from healthy individuals involved in the resettlement program of 16 villages (total surveyed population 4,369). Hemagglutination inhibition assay using flavivirus antigens (DENV1, DENV3, and JEV) performed on 1,708 plasma specimens revealed 30.4% (519) cross-reactive positives, and 10% (172) and 1.3% (22) positives to JEV or DENV, respectively. Entomological surveys conducted during the rainy season of 2008 indicated the presence of competent flavivirus vectors (Culex vishnui group and Aedes albopictus), although Aedes aegypti was not found. Continued surveillance and investigation is warranted to assess the clinical disease burden of flaviviruses in this area that is undergoing rapid ecological and demographic change.
Author Notes
Financial support: Contributions of J. E. Bryant were supported by Agence française de développement (AFD), SISEA/Pasteur Project. This project was supported by the Fondation EDF Diversiterre.
Authors' addresses: Alexandra Hiscox, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK and Institut Pasteur du Laos, Lao PDR, E-mail: alexandra.hiscox@lshtm.ac.uk. Christian H. Winter, E-mail: henrik-winter@gmx.de. Phengta Vongphrachanh, Thongchanh Sisouk, and Virasack Somoulay, National Center for Laboratory and Epidemiology, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao PDR, E-mails: phengta@hotmail.com, ssk_thong@yahoo.com, and virasacksom@hotmail.com. Samlane Phompida, Center for Malaria, Parasitology, and Entomology, Lao PDR, E-mail: p.samlane@gmail.com. Surinder Kaul and Pany Sananikhom, Nam Theun 2 Power Company, Vientiane, Lao PDR, E-mails: surinder@namtheun2.com and pany@namtheun2.com. Nguyen Thi Yen, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam, E-mail: yenanihe@yahoo.com. Richard E. Paul, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France, E-mail: rpaul@pasteur.fr. Paul Brey, Institut Pasteur du Laos, Lao PDR, E-mail: pbrey@pasteur.fr. Juliet E. Bryant: National Center for Laboratory and Epidemiology, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao PDR and Institut Pasteur, Paris, France, E-mail: jbryant@oucru.org.