Gulati S, Maheshwari A, 2007. Atypical manifestations of dengue. Trop Med Int Health 12: 1087–1095.
Alejandria MM, 2009. Dengue haemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome in children. Clin Evid 12: pii: 0917.
Gibbons RV, Vaughn DW, 2002. Dengue: an escalating problem. BMJ 324: 1563–1566.
Gubler DJ, Clark GG, 1995. Dengue/dengue hemorrhagic fever: the emergence of a global health problem. Emerg Infect Dis 1: 55–57.
Figueiredo LT, 2006. Viral hemorrhagic fevers in Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 39: 203–210.
Suzuki S, Kitazawa T, Ota Y, Okugawa S, Tsukada K, Nukui Y, Hatakeyama S, Yamaguchi D, Matsuse S, Ishii T, Matsubara T, Yamauchi C, Ota S, Yahagi N, Fukayama M, Koike K, 2007. Dengue hemorrhagic shock and disseminated candidiasis. Intern Med 46: 1043–1046.
Kohli U, Sahu J, Lodha R, Agarwal N, Ray R, 2007. Invasive nosocomial aspergillosis associated with heart failure and complete heart block following recovery from dengue shock syndrome. Pediatr Crit Care Med 8: 389–391.
Tang Y, Kou Z, Tang X, Zhang F, Yao X, Liu S, Jin X, 2008. Unique impacts of HBV co-infection on clinical and laboratory findings in a recent dengue outbreak in China. Am J Trop Med Hyg 79: 154–158.
Thangaratham PS, Jeevan MK, Rajendran R, Samuel PP, Tyagi BK, 2006. Dual infection by dengue virus and Plasmodium vivax in Alappuzha District, Kerala, India. Jpn J Infect Dis 59: 211–212.
Pancharoen C, Thisyakorn U, 1998. Coinfections in dengue patients. Pediatr Infect Dis 17: 81–82.
Hongsiriwon S, 2002. Dengue hemorrhagic fever in infants. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 33: 49–55.
Lee IK, Liu JW, Yang KD, 2005. Clinical characteristics and risk factors for concurrent bacteremia in adults with dengue hemorrhage fever. Am J Trop Med Hyg 72: 221–226.
Sudjana P, Jusuf H, 1998. Concurrent dengue haemorrhagic and typhoid fever in adult: case report. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 29: 370–372.
Charrel RN, Abboud M, Durand JP, Brouqui P, Lamballerie XD, 2003. Dual infection by dengue fever and Shigella sonnei in patient returning from India. Emerg Infect Dis 9: 271.
Chai LY, Lim PL, Lee CC, Hsu LY, Teoh YL, Lye DC, Krishnan P, Leo YS, 2007. Cluster of Staphylococcus aureus and dengue co-infection in Singapore. Ann Acad Med Singapore 36: 847–850.
Rouse BT, Horohov DW, 1986. Immunosuppresion in viral infections. Rev Infect Dis 8: 850.
Veloso HH, Ferreira JA, De Paiva JM, 2003. Acute atrial fibrillation during dengue hemorrahgic fever. Braz J Infect Dis 7: 418–422.
Lum LC, Lam SK, Choy YS, George R, Harun F, 1996. Dengue encephalitis: a true reality? Am J Trop Med Hyg 54: 256–259.
Leão RN, Oikawa T, Rosa ES, Yamaki JT, Rodrigues SG, Vasconcelos HB, Sousa MR, Tsukimata JK, Azevedo RS, Vasconcelos PF, 2002. Isolation of dengue 2 virus from a patient with central nervous system involvement (transverse myelitis). Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 35: 401–404.
Solomon T, Dung NM, Vaughn DW, Kneen R, Thao LT, Raengsakalrach B, Loan AT, Day NP, Farrar J, Myiat KS, Warrell MJ, James WS, Nisalak A, White NJ, 2000. Neurological manifestations of dengue infection. Lancet 355: 1053–1059.
Hall WC, Crowell TP, Watts DM, Barros VL, Kruger H, Pinheiro F, Peters CJ, 1991. Demonstration of yellow fever and dengue antigens in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human liver by immunohistochemical analysis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 45: 408–417.
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Dengue represents an important public health issue in many tropical areas, leading to high morbidity and the employment of substantial health resources. Even though the number of fatalities related to dengue is unknown, several reports warn about the potential occurrence of severe infections and even death. The clinical spectrum of dengue is highly variable, ranging from a mild flu-like syndrome to severe disease, with shock and hemorrhage. The occurrence of bacterial superinfection, or coinfection, in patients with dengue has been noted by some authors, but the available information comes from anecdotic reports. In this study, we show the clinical and anatomopathological data of a patient infected with dengue, who subsequently died of acute multi-organic failure related to Staphylococcus aureus infection. The autopsy revealed a severe disseminated staphylococcal disease and confirmed dengue infection.
Authors' addresses: Stanley Almeida Araújo, Program of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine and Department of Pathology, Medical School, Federal University of Minas, Gerais, Brazil, E-mail: stanleyaa@gmail.com. Daniel Ribeiro Moreira, Department of Pathology, Medical School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil, E-mail: moreira_daniel@hotmail.com. Juliana Marcia Ribeiro Veloso and Jenaine Oliveira Silva, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil, E-mails: ju.veloso@gmail.com and jenaineoliveira@yahoo.com.br. Vera Lucia Souza Reis Barros, Evandro Chagas Institute, Belém do Pará, Brazil, E-mail: verabarros@iec.pa.gov.br. Vandack Nobre, Program of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil, E-mail: vandack@gmail.com.
Gulati S, Maheshwari A, 2007. Atypical manifestations of dengue. Trop Med Int Health 12: 1087–1095.
Alejandria MM, 2009. Dengue haemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome in children. Clin Evid 12: pii: 0917.
Gibbons RV, Vaughn DW, 2002. Dengue: an escalating problem. BMJ 324: 1563–1566.
Gubler DJ, Clark GG, 1995. Dengue/dengue hemorrhagic fever: the emergence of a global health problem. Emerg Infect Dis 1: 55–57.
Figueiredo LT, 2006. Viral hemorrhagic fevers in Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 39: 203–210.
Suzuki S, Kitazawa T, Ota Y, Okugawa S, Tsukada K, Nukui Y, Hatakeyama S, Yamaguchi D, Matsuse S, Ishii T, Matsubara T, Yamauchi C, Ota S, Yahagi N, Fukayama M, Koike K, 2007. Dengue hemorrhagic shock and disseminated candidiasis. Intern Med 46: 1043–1046.
Kohli U, Sahu J, Lodha R, Agarwal N, Ray R, 2007. Invasive nosocomial aspergillosis associated with heart failure and complete heart block following recovery from dengue shock syndrome. Pediatr Crit Care Med 8: 389–391.
Tang Y, Kou Z, Tang X, Zhang F, Yao X, Liu S, Jin X, 2008. Unique impacts of HBV co-infection on clinical and laboratory findings in a recent dengue outbreak in China. Am J Trop Med Hyg 79: 154–158.
Thangaratham PS, Jeevan MK, Rajendran R, Samuel PP, Tyagi BK, 2006. Dual infection by dengue virus and Plasmodium vivax in Alappuzha District, Kerala, India. Jpn J Infect Dis 59: 211–212.
Pancharoen C, Thisyakorn U, 1998. Coinfections in dengue patients. Pediatr Infect Dis 17: 81–82.
Hongsiriwon S, 2002. Dengue hemorrhagic fever in infants. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 33: 49–55.
Lee IK, Liu JW, Yang KD, 2005. Clinical characteristics and risk factors for concurrent bacteremia in adults with dengue hemorrhage fever. Am J Trop Med Hyg 72: 221–226.
Sudjana P, Jusuf H, 1998. Concurrent dengue haemorrhagic and typhoid fever in adult: case report. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 29: 370–372.
Charrel RN, Abboud M, Durand JP, Brouqui P, Lamballerie XD, 2003. Dual infection by dengue fever and Shigella sonnei in patient returning from India. Emerg Infect Dis 9: 271.
Chai LY, Lim PL, Lee CC, Hsu LY, Teoh YL, Lye DC, Krishnan P, Leo YS, 2007. Cluster of Staphylococcus aureus and dengue co-infection in Singapore. Ann Acad Med Singapore 36: 847–850.
Rouse BT, Horohov DW, 1986. Immunosuppresion in viral infections. Rev Infect Dis 8: 850.
Veloso HH, Ferreira JA, De Paiva JM, 2003. Acute atrial fibrillation during dengue hemorrahgic fever. Braz J Infect Dis 7: 418–422.
Lum LC, Lam SK, Choy YS, George R, Harun F, 1996. Dengue encephalitis: a true reality? Am J Trop Med Hyg 54: 256–259.
Leão RN, Oikawa T, Rosa ES, Yamaki JT, Rodrigues SG, Vasconcelos HB, Sousa MR, Tsukimata JK, Azevedo RS, Vasconcelos PF, 2002. Isolation of dengue 2 virus from a patient with central nervous system involvement (transverse myelitis). Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 35: 401–404.
Solomon T, Dung NM, Vaughn DW, Kneen R, Thao LT, Raengsakalrach B, Loan AT, Day NP, Farrar J, Myiat KS, Warrell MJ, James WS, Nisalak A, White NJ, 2000. Neurological manifestations of dengue infection. Lancet 355: 1053–1059.
Hall WC, Crowell TP, Watts DM, Barros VL, Kruger H, Pinheiro F, Peters CJ, 1991. Demonstration of yellow fever and dengue antigens in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human liver by immunohistochemical analysis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 45: 408–417.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 962 | 828 | 38 |
Full Text Views | 275 | 8 | 1 |
PDF Downloads | 66 | 9 | 0 |