Prolonged Co-circulation of Two Distinct Dengue Virus Type 3 Lineages in the Hyperendemic Area of Medellín, Colombia

Marta C. Ospina Dirección Seccional de Salud y Protección Social de Antioquia, Laboratorio Departamental de Salud Pública de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia; Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia; Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin

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Francisco J. Diaz Dirección Seccional de Salud y Protección Social de Antioquia, Laboratorio Departamental de Salud Pública de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia; Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia; Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin

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Jorge E. Osorio Dirección Seccional de Salud y Protección Social de Antioquia, Laboratorio Departamental de Salud Pública de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia; Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia; Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin

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During the past two decades, Dengue virus-3 (DENV-3) has re-emerged in the Western Hemisphere causing significant epidemics of dengue fever (DF) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). In an effort to understand the molecular evolution of DENV-3 and their relationships to other DENV-3 circulating in the western hemisphere, we conducted a phylogenetic study on DENV-3 isolates made between 2002 and 2007 in the metropolitan area of Medellín, Colombia. An unexpected co-circulation of two different variants of DENV-3 subtype III during at least 5 years in Medellín was found. In addition, a more complete analysis of DENV-3 viruses isolated in other South American regions revealed the existence of three different subtype III lineages, all derived from independent introductions. This study documents significant genetic diversity of circulating viruses within the same subtype and an unusual capacity of the population of this city to support continuous circulation of multiple variants of dengue virus.

Author Notes

*Address correspondence to Jorge E. Osorio, 1656 Linden Drive, AHABS Bldg., Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706. E-mail: osorio@svm.vetmed.wisc.edu

Financial support: This work was supported by a career development Research Award from The Gorgas Memorial Foundation of Tropical and Preventive Medicine.

Disclosure: J. Osorio is a co-founder of Invivagen, Inc., a company working on the development of a dengue vaccine. This statement is made in the interest of full disclosure and not because the author considers this to be a conflict of interest.

Authors' addresses: Marta C. Ospina, Dirección Seccional de Salud y Protección Social de Antioquia, Laboratorio Departamental de Salud Pública de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia, E-mail: franciscodiaz314@gmail.com. Francisco J. Diaz, Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia, E-mail: mospinao@antioquia.gov.co. Jorge E. Osorio, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, E-mail: osorio@svm.vetmed.wisc.edu.

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