ProCite
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Reference Manager
BibTeX
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Malaria Incidence and Prevalence Among Children Living in a Peri-Urban Area on the Coast of Benin, West Africa: A Longitudinal Study
Alain Nahum
Alain Nahum
Centre de Recherches Entomologiques de Cotonou, Cotonou, Bénin; Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; Hôpital de Zone, Abomey-Calavi, Bénin; Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Nationale du Bénin, Cotonou, Bénin
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Annette Erhart
Annette Erhart
Centre de Recherches Entomologiques de Cotonou, Cotonou, Bénin; Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; Hôpital de Zone, Abomey-Calavi, Bénin; Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Nationale du Bénin, Cotonou, Bénin
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Ambroisine Mayé
Ambroisine Mayé
Centre de Recherches Entomologiques de Cotonou, Cotonou, Bénin; Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; Hôpital de Zone, Abomey-Calavi, Bénin; Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Nationale du Bénin, Cotonou, Bénin
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Daniel Ahounou
Daniel Ahounou
Centre de Recherches Entomologiques de Cotonou, Cotonou, Bénin; Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; Hôpital de Zone, Abomey-Calavi, Bénin; Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Nationale du Bénin, Cotonou, Bénin
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Chantal van Overmeir
Chantal van Overmeir
Centre de Recherches Entomologiques de Cotonou, Cotonou, Bénin; Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; Hôpital de Zone, Abomey-Calavi, Bénin; Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Nationale du Bénin, Cotonou, Bénin
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Joris Menten
Joris Menten
Centre de Recherches Entomologiques de Cotonou, Cotonou, Bénin; Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; Hôpital de Zone, Abomey-Calavi, Bénin; Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Nationale du Bénin, Cotonou, Bénin
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Harry van Loen
Harry van Loen
Centre de Recherches Entomologiques de Cotonou, Cotonou, Bénin; Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; Hôpital de Zone, Abomey-Calavi, Bénin; Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Nationale du Bénin, Cotonou, Bénin
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Martin Akogbeto
Martin Akogbeto
Centre de Recherches Entomologiques de Cotonou, Cotonou, Bénin; Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; Hôpital de Zone, Abomey-Calavi, Bénin; Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Nationale du Bénin, Cotonou, Bénin
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Marc Coosemans
Marc Coosemans
Centre de Recherches Entomologiques de Cotonou, Cotonou, Bénin; Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; Hôpital de Zone, Abomey-Calavi, Bénin; Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Nationale du Bénin, Cotonou, Bénin
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Achille Massougbodji
Achille Massougbodji
Centre de Recherches Entomologiques de Cotonou, Cotonou, Bénin; Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; Hôpital de Zone, Abomey-Calavi, Bénin; Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Nationale du Bénin, Cotonou, Bénin
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Umberto D'Alessandro
Umberto D'Alessandro
Centre de Recherches Entomologiques de Cotonou, Cotonou, Bénin; Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; Hôpital de Zone, Abomey-Calavi, Bénin; Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Nationale du Bénin, Cotonou, Bénin
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Clinical malaria incidence was determined over 18 months in a cohort of 553 children living in a peri-urban area near Cotonou. Three cross-sectional surveys were also carried out. Malaria incidence showed a marked seasonal distribution with two peaks: the first corresponding to the long rainy season, and the second corresponding to the overflowing of Lake Nokoue. The overall Plasmodium falciparum incidence rate was estimated at 84/1,000 person-months, and its prevalence was estimated at over 40% in the two first surveys and 68.9% in the third survey. Multivariate analysis showed that girls and people living in closed houses had a lower risk of clinical malaria. Bed net use was associated with a lower risk of malaria infection. Conversely, children of families owing a pirogue were at higher risk of clinical malaria. Considering the high pyrethroids resistance, indoor residual spraying with either a carbamate or an organophospate insecticide may have a major impact on the malaria burden.
Author Notes
Financial support: This study was funded by the Benin Ministry of Health through the Population Health Project.
Authors' addresses: Alain Nahum, Daniel Ahounou, and Martin Akogbeto, Centre de Recherches Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), 06 BP 2604, Cotonou, République du Bénin, E-mails: nahum_alain@yahoo.fr, danahoun@yahoo.fr, and akogbetom@yahoo.fr. Ambroisine N. Maye, Hôpital de Zone, BP1673, Abomey-Calavi, Bénin, E-mail: ambroisinemaye@yahoo.fr. Achille Massougbodji, Unité d'Enseignement de Recherche en Parasitologie-Mycologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Nationale du Bénin, BP 188 Cotonou, République du Bénin, E-mail: massougbodjiachille@yahoo.fr. Annette Erhart, Chantal Van Overmeir, Joris Menten, Harry Van Loen, Marc Coosemans, and Umberto D'Alessandro, Department of Parasitology, Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, B-2000, Antwerp, Belgium, E-mails: aerhart@itg.be, cvovermeir@itg.be, jmenten@itg.be, hvanloen@itg.be, mcoosemans@itg.be, and udalessandro@itg.be.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Greenwood BM, 1989. The microepidemiology of malaria and its importance to malaria control. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 83: 25–29.
-
2.
Clark TD, Greenhouse B, Njama-Meya D, Nzarubara B, Maiteki-Sebuguzi C, Staedke SG, Seto E, Kamya MR, Rosenthal PJ, Dorsey G, 2008. Factors determining the heterogeneity of malaria incidence in children in Kampala, Uganda. J Infect Dis 198: 393–400.
-
3.
Akogbeto M, Chippaux JP, Coluzzi M, 1992. Le paludisme urbain cotier à Cotonou (République du Bénin). Etude entomologique. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 40: 233–239.
-
4.
Greenwood BM, Fidock DA, Kyle DE, Kappe SH, Alonso PL, Collins FH, Duffy PE, 2008. Malaria: progress, perils, and prospects for eradication. J Clin Invest 118: 1266–1276.
-
5.
Greenwood B, 2008. Progress in malaria control in endemic areas. Travel Med Infect Dis 6: 173–176.
-
6.
Njama D, Dorsey G, Guwatudde D, Kigonya K, Greenhouse B, Musisi S, Kamya MR, 2003. Urban malaria: primary caregivers' knowledge, attitudes, practices and predictors of malaria incidence in a cohort of Ugandan children. Trop Med Int Health 8: 685–692.
-
7.
Peterson I, Borrell LN, El-Sadr W, Teklehaimanot A, 2009. Individual and household level factors associated with malaria incidence in a highland region of Ethiopia: a multilevel analysis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 80: 103–111.
-
8.
Baragatti M, Fournet F, Henry MC, Assi S, Ouedraogo H, Rogier C, Salem G, 2009. Social and environmental malaria risk factors in urban areas of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Malar J 8: 13.
-
9.
Saúte F, Aponte J, Almeda J, Ascaso C, Vaz N, Dgedge M, Alonso P, 2003. Malaria in southern Mozambique: incidence of clinical malaria in children living in a rural community in Manhiça district. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 97: 655–660.
-
10.
Erhart A, Thang ND, Hung NQ, Toi le V, Hung le X, Tuy TQ, Cong le D, Speybroeck N, Coosemans M, D'Alessandro U, 2004. Forest malaria in Vietnam: a challenge for control. Am J Trop Med Hyg 70: 110–118.
-
11.
Staedke SG, Nottingham EW, Cox J, Kamya MR, Rosenthal PJ, Dorsey G, 2003. Short report: proximity to mosquito breeding sites as a risk factor for clinical malaria episodes in an urban cohort of Ugandan children. Am J Trop Med Hyg 69: 244–246.
-
12.
Snow RW, Peshu N, Forster D, Bomu G, Mitsanze E, Ngumbao E, Chisengwa R, Schellenberg JR, Hayes RJ, Newbold CI, Marsh K, 1998. Environmental and entomological risk factors for the development of clinical malaria among children on the Kenyan coast. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 92: 381–385.
-
13.
Matthys B, Vounatsou P, Raso G, Tschannen AB, Becket EG, Gosoniu L, Cissé G, Tanner M, N'goran EK, Utzinger J, 2006. Urban farming and malaria risk factors in a medium-sized town in Cote d'Ivoire. Am J Trop Med Hyg 75: 1223–1231.
-
14.
Lautze J, McCartney M, Kirshen P, Olana D, Jayasinghe G, Spielman A, 2007. Effect of a large dam on malaria risk: the Koka reservoir in Ethiopia. Trop Med Int Health 12: 982–989.
-
15.
Erhart A, Ngo DT, Phan VK, Ta TT, Van Overmeir C, Speybroeck N, Obsomer V, Le XH, Le KT, Coosemans M, D'alessandro U, 2005. Epidemiology of forest malaria in central Vietnam: a large scale cross-sectional survey. Malar J 4: 58.
-
16.
Konradsen F, Amerasinghe P, van der Hoek W, Amerasinghe F, Perera D, Piyaratne M, 2003. Strong association between house characteristics and malaria vectors in Sri Lanka. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68: 177–181.
-
17.
Yé Y, Kyobutungi C, Louis VR, Sauerborn R, 2007. Micro-epidemiology of Plasmodium falciparum malaria: is there any difference in transmission risk between neighbouring villages? Malar J 6: 46.
-
18.
Yé Y, Hoshen M, Louis V, Séraphin S, Traoré I, Sauerborn R, 2006. Housing conditions and Plasmodium falciparum infection: protective effect of iron-sheet roofed houses. Malar J 5: 8.
-
19.
Dolo A, Modiano D, Maiga B, Daou M, Dolo G, Guindo H, Ba M, Maiga H, Coulibaly D, Perlman H, Blomberg MT, Touré YT, Coluzzi M, Doumbo O, 2005. Difference in susceptibility to malaria between two sympatric ethnic groups in Mali. Am J Trop Med Hyg 72: 243–248.
-
20.
Parikh S, Dorsey G, Rosenthal PJ, 2004. Host polymorphisms and the incidence of malaria in Ugandan children. Am J Trop Med Hyg 71: 750–753.
-
21.
Omi K, Ohashi J, Patarapotikul J, Hananantachai H, Naka I, Looareesuwan S, Tokunaga K, 2003. CD36 polymorphism is associated with protection from cerebral malaria. Am J Hum Genet 72: 364–374.
-
22.
Chippaux JP, Massougbodji A, Boulard JC, Akogbeto M, 1992. Etude de la morbidité palustre et de la gravité des accès pernicieux chez les porteurs du trait drépanocytaire. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 40: 240–245.
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