Multiple Outbreaks of Puffer Fish Intoxication in Bangladesh, 2008

Nusrat Homaira Programme on Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Sciences, Health System and Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR, B), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Institute of Epidemiology Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia

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Mahmudur Rahman Programme on Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Sciences, Health System and Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR, B), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Institute of Epidemiology Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia

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Stephen P. Luby Programme on Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Sciences, Health System and Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR, B), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Institute of Epidemiology Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia

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Mostafizur Rahman Programme on Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Sciences, Health System and Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR, B), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Institute of Epidemiology Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia

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Mohammad Sabbir Haider Programme on Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Sciences, Health System and Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR, B), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Institute of Epidemiology Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia

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Labib Imran Faruque Programme on Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Sciences, Health System and Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR, B), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Institute of Epidemiology Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia

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Dawlat Khan Programme on Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Sciences, Health System and Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR, B), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Institute of Epidemiology Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia

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Shahana Parveen Programme on Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Sciences, Health System and Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR, B), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Institute of Epidemiology Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia

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Emily S. Gurley Programme on Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Sciences, Health System and Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR, B), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Institute of Epidemiology Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia

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During April and June 2008, we investigated three outbreaks of marine puffer fish intoxication in three districts of Bangladesh (Narshingdi, Natore, and Dhaka). We also explored trade of marine puffer fish in Cox's Bazaar, a coastal area of the country. We identified 95 people who had consumed puffer fish; 63 (66%) developed toxicity characterized by tingling sensation in the body, perioral numbness, dizziness, and weakness, 14 of them died. All three outbreaks were caused by consumption of large (0.2–1.5 kg) marine puffer fish, sold in communities where people were unfamiliar with the marine variety of the fish and its toxicity. Coastal fishermen reported that some local businessmen distributed the fresh fish to non-coastal parts of the country, where people were unfamiliar with the larger variety, to make a quick profit. Lack of knowledge about marine puffer toxicity contributed to the outbreaks. Health communication campaigns will enhance people's knowledge and may prevent future outbreaks.

Author Notes

*Address correspondence to Nusrat Homaira, ICDDR, B, 68, Shaheed, Tajuddin Sarani, Mohakhali, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh. E-mail: nhomaira@icddrb.org

Authors' addresses: Nusrat Homaira, Stephen P. Luby, Labib Imran Faruque, Dawlat Khan, Shahana Parveen, and Emily S. Gurley, ICDDR, B, 68, Shaheed, Tajuddin Sarani, Mohakhali, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh, E-mails: nhomaira@icddrb.org, sluby@icddrb.org, labibimran@icddrb.org, dawlat@icddrb.org, shahana@icddrb.org, and egurley@icddrb.org. Mahmudur Rahman, E-mail: mrahman@citechco.net. Mostafizur Rahman, E-mail: meghla_mph@yahoo.com. Mohammad Sabbir Haider, E-mail: sabbir_doc@yahoo.com.

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