Author:
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1.
de La Rosa R, Pineda JA, Delgado J, 2002. Incidence of and risk factors for symptomatic visceral leishmaniasis among human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients from Spain in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. J Clin Microbiol 40: 762–767.
-
2.
Alvar J, Aparicio P, Aseffa A, 2008. The relationship between leishmaniasis and AIDS: the second 10 years. Clin Microbiol Rev 21: 334–359.
-
3.
Sundar S, 2001. Drug resistance in Indian visceral leishmaniasis. Trop Med Int Health 6: 849–854.
-
4.
Sundar S, Rai M, 2005. Treatment of visceral leishmaniasis. Expert Opin Pharmacother 6: 2821–2829.
-
5.
Troya J, Casquero A, Refoyo E, 2008. Long term failure of miltefosine in the treatment of refractory visceral leishmaniasis in AIDS patients. Scand J Infect Dis 40: 78–80.
-
6.
Manfredi R, Marinacci G, Calza L, 2008. Diffuse cutaneous dissemination of visceral leishmaniasis during human immunodeficiency virus infection, despite negligible immunodeficiency: repeated failure of liposomal amphotericin B administration, followed by successful long-term pentamidine and paromomycin administration. Int J Antimicrob Agents 31: 590–592.
-
7.
Soto J, Soto P, 2006. Oral miltefosine to treat leishmaniasis. Biomedica (Bogota) 26: 207–217.
-
8.
Davidson RN, den Boer M, Ritmeijer K, 2009. Paromomycin. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 103: 653–660.
-
9.
Sundar S, Jha TK, Thakur CP, 2007. Injectable paromomycin for visceral leishmaniasis in India. N Engl J Med 356: 2571–2581.
-
10.
Jha TK, Olliaro P, Thakur CP, 1998. Randomised controlled trial of aminosidine (paromomycin) v sodium stibogluconate for treating visceral leishmaniasis in North Bihar, India. BMJ 316: 1200–1205.
-
11.
Lafeuillade A, Chaffanjon P, Delbeke E, 1992. Maintenance itraconazole for visceral leishmaniasis in HIV infection. Am J Med 92: 449.
-
12.
Chunge CN, Owate J, Pamba HO, 1990. Treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in Kenya by aminosidine alone or combined with sodium stibogluconate. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 84: 221–225.
-
13.
Thakur CP, Olliaro P, Gothoscar S, 1992. Treatment of visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) with aminosidine (= paromomycin)-antimonial combinations, a pilot study in Bihar, India. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 86: 615–616.
-
14.
Thakur CP, Bhowmick S, Dolfi L, 1995. Aminosidine plus sodium stibogluconate for the treatment of Indian kala-azar: a randomized dose-finding clinical trial. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 89: 219–223.
-
15.
Thakur CP, Kanyok TP, Pandey AK, 2000. A prospective randomized, comparative, open-label trial of the safety and efficacy of paromomycin (aminosidine) plus sodium stibogluconate versus sodium stibogluconate alone for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 94: 429–431.
-
16.
Seaman J, Pryce D, Sondorp HE, 1993. Epidemic visceral leishmaniasis in Sudan: a randomized trial of aminosidine plus sodium stibogluconate versus sodium stibogluconate alone. J Infect Dis 168: 715–720.
-
17.
Pintado V, Martín-Rabadán P, Rivera ML, 2001. Visceral leishmaniasis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and non-HIV-infected patients. A comparative study. Medicine (Baltimore) 80: 54–73.
-
18.
Davidson RN, 1998. Practical guide for the treatment of leishmaniasis. Drugs 56: 1009–1018.
-
19.
Béchade D, Seurat L, Discamps G, 1996. Multiple digestive involvement in visceral leishmaniasis in a patient with HIV infection: favourable course with itraconazole. Rev Med Interne 17: 234–237.
-
20.
Angarano G, Maggi P, Coppola SL, 1998. Itraconazole as maintenance therapy for visceral leishmaniasis in HIV-infected patients. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 17: 365–367.
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| Abstract Views | 14 | 14 | 3 |
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Visceral Leishmaniasis Treated with Antimonials/Paromomycin followed by Itraconazole/Miltefosine after Standard Therapy Failures in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Patient
Patricia Barragán
Patricia Barragán
Infectious Disease Service, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain; Tropical Medicine and Clinical Parasitology, Infectious Diseases Department, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, Madrid, Spain
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Rogelio López-Velez
Rogelio López-Velez
Infectious Disease Service, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain; Tropical Medicine and Clinical Parasitology, Infectious Diseases Department, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, Madrid, Spain
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Montserrat Olmo
Montserrat Olmo
Infectious Disease Service, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain; Tropical Medicine and Clinical Parasitology, Infectious Diseases Department, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, Madrid, Spain
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Daniel Podzamczer
Daniel Podzamczer
Infectious Disease Service, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain; Tropical Medicine and Clinical Parasitology, Infectious Diseases Department, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, Madrid, Spain
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Visceral leishmaniasis is an opportunistic infection that affects human immunodeficiency virus–infected persons in leishmaniasis-endemic areas. The standard treatment may not be effective and relapses are common. We report the case of a human immunodeficiency virus-1–infected patient who had several relapses of visceral leishmaniasis after treatment with standard therapies and responded to a combined therapy.
Author Notes
Authors' addresses: Patricia Barragán, Montserrat Olmo, and Daniel Podzamczer, Infectious Disease Service, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain. Rogelio López-Velez, Tropical Medicine and Clinical Parasitology, Infectious Diseases Department, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, Madrid, Spain
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
de La Rosa R, Pineda JA, Delgado J, 2002. Incidence of and risk factors for symptomatic visceral leishmaniasis among human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients from Spain in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. J Clin Microbiol 40: 762–767.
-
2.
Alvar J, Aparicio P, Aseffa A, 2008. The relationship between leishmaniasis and AIDS: the second 10 years. Clin Microbiol Rev 21: 334–359.
-
3.
Sundar S, 2001. Drug resistance in Indian visceral leishmaniasis. Trop Med Int Health 6: 849–854.
-
4.
Sundar S, Rai M, 2005. Treatment of visceral leishmaniasis. Expert Opin Pharmacother 6: 2821–2829.
-
5.
Troya J, Casquero A, Refoyo E, 2008. Long term failure of miltefosine in the treatment of refractory visceral leishmaniasis in AIDS patients. Scand J Infect Dis 40: 78–80.
-
6.
Manfredi R, Marinacci G, Calza L, 2008. Diffuse cutaneous dissemination of visceral leishmaniasis during human immunodeficiency virus infection, despite negligible immunodeficiency: repeated failure of liposomal amphotericin B administration, followed by successful long-term pentamidine and paromomycin administration. Int J Antimicrob Agents 31: 590–592.
-
7.
Soto J, Soto P, 2006. Oral miltefosine to treat leishmaniasis. Biomedica (Bogota) 26: 207–217.
-
8.
Davidson RN, den Boer M, Ritmeijer K, 2009. Paromomycin. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 103: 653–660.
-
9.
Sundar S, Jha TK, Thakur CP, 2007. Injectable paromomycin for visceral leishmaniasis in India. N Engl J Med 356: 2571–2581.
-
10.
Jha TK, Olliaro P, Thakur CP, 1998. Randomised controlled trial of aminosidine (paromomycin) v sodium stibogluconate for treating visceral leishmaniasis in North Bihar, India. BMJ 316: 1200–1205.
-
11.
Lafeuillade A, Chaffanjon P, Delbeke E, 1992. Maintenance itraconazole for visceral leishmaniasis in HIV infection. Am J Med 92: 449.
-
12.
Chunge CN, Owate J, Pamba HO, 1990. Treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in Kenya by aminosidine alone or combined with sodium stibogluconate. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 84: 221–225.
-
13.
Thakur CP, Olliaro P, Gothoscar S, 1992. Treatment of visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) with aminosidine (= paromomycin)-antimonial combinations, a pilot study in Bihar, India. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 86: 615–616.
-
14.
Thakur CP, Bhowmick S, Dolfi L, 1995. Aminosidine plus sodium stibogluconate for the treatment of Indian kala-azar: a randomized dose-finding clinical trial. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 89: 219–223.
-
15.
Thakur CP, Kanyok TP, Pandey AK, 2000. A prospective randomized, comparative, open-label trial of the safety and efficacy of paromomycin (aminosidine) plus sodium stibogluconate versus sodium stibogluconate alone for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 94: 429–431.
-
16.
Seaman J, Pryce D, Sondorp HE, 1993. Epidemic visceral leishmaniasis in Sudan: a randomized trial of aminosidine plus sodium stibogluconate versus sodium stibogluconate alone. J Infect Dis 168: 715–720.
-
17.
Pintado V, Martín-Rabadán P, Rivera ML, 2001. Visceral leishmaniasis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and non-HIV-infected patients. A comparative study. Medicine (Baltimore) 80: 54–73.
-
18.
Davidson RN, 1998. Practical guide for the treatment of leishmaniasis. Drugs 56: 1009–1018.
-
19.
Béchade D, Seurat L, Discamps G, 1996. Multiple digestive involvement in visceral leishmaniasis in a patient with HIV infection: favourable course with itraconazole. Rev Med Interne 17: 234–237.
-
20.
Angarano G, Maggi P, Coppola SL, 1998. Itraconazole as maintenance therapy for visceral leishmaniasis in HIV-infected patients. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 17: 365–367.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 14 | 14 | 3 |
| Full Text Views | 251 | 96 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 40 | 31 | 0 |