ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Newman RD, Parise ME, Barber AM, Steketee RW, 2004. Malaria-related deaths among U.S. travelers, 1963–2001. Ann Intern Med 141: 547–555.
-
2.
Lema OE, Carter JY, Nagelkerke N, Wangai MW, Kitenge P, Gikunda SM, Arube PA, Munafu CG, Materu SF, Adhiambo CA, Mukunza HK, 1999. Comparison of five methods of malaria detection in the outpatient setting. Am J Trop Med Hyg 60: 177–182.
-
3.
Mendelow BV, Lyons C, Nhlangothi P, Tana M, Munster M, Wypkema E, Liebowitz L, Marshall L, Scott S, Coetzer TL, 1999. Automated malaria detection by depolarization of laser light. Br J Haematol 104: 499–503.
-
4.
Fourcade C, Casbas MJ, Belaouni H, Gonzalez JJ, Garcia PJ, Pepio MA, 2004. Automated detection of malaria by means of the haematology analyser Coulter GEN.S. Clin Lab Haematol 26: 367–372.
-
5.
Huh HJ, Oh GY, Huh JW, Chae SL, 2008. Malaria detection with the Sysmex XE-2100 hematology analyzer using pseudoeosinophilia and abnormal WBC scattergram. Ann Hematol 87: 755–759.
-
6.
Yan F, Dai Y, Zhang Z, Wan H, 2008. The correlation of abnormal information in Sysmex hematology analyzers XE-2100 and XS-1000i with diagnosis of Plasmodium infection. Sysmex Journal International 18: 50–53.
-
7.
Walters J, Garrity P, 2000. Performance evaluation of the Sysmex XE-2100 hematology analyser. Lab Hematol 6: 83–92.
-
8.
Grobusch MP, Hanscheid T, Kramer B, Neukammer J, May J, Seybold J, Kun JF, Suttorp N, 2003. Sensitivity of hemozoin detection by automated flow cytometry in non- and semi-immune malaria patients. Cytometry B Clin Cytom 55: 46–51.
-
9.
Huh J, Jung J, Yoon H, Chung W, 2005. Pseudoeosinophilia associated with malaria infection determined in the Sysmex XE-2100 hematology analyzer. Ann Hematol 84: 400–402.
-
10.
Park GB, Cha YJ, 2006. Three cases of pseudoeosinophilia associated with malaria determined in the Sysmex XE-2100 automated hematology analyzer. Korean J Lab Med 26: 77–80.
-
11.
Dirección Seccional de Salud de Antioquia, 2006. Events of Public Health Interest—Antioquia 2006. Available at: http://www.dssa.gov.co/htm/event_1.html. Accessed November 1, 2008.
-
12.
Rutjes AW, Reitsma JB, Vandenbroucke JP, Glas AS, Bossuyt PM, 2005. Case-control and two-gate designs in diagnostic accuracy studies. Clin Chem 51: 1335–1341.
-
13.
Peduzzi P, Concato J, Kemper E, Holford TR, Feinstein AR, 1996. A simulation study of the number of events per variable in logistic regression analysis. J Clin Epidemiol 49: 1373–1379.
-
14.
Bain B, Chiodini P, England J, Bailey J, 1997. The laboratory diagnosis of malaria. Clin Lab Haematol 19: 165–170.
-
15.
Garvey B, Mahon A, McTaggart P, Parker-Williams J, 2003. MHRA Evaluation: Sysmex XE-2100 Haematology Analyser. Norwich, United Kingdom: Crown.
-
16.
Matsumoto H, 1999. The technology of reagents in the automated hematology analyzer Sysmex XE-2100TM—red fluorescence reaction. Sysmex Journal International 9: 179–185.
-
17.
Ruzicka K, Veitl M, Thalhammer-Scherrer R, Schwarzinger I, 2001. The new hematology analyzer Sysmex XE-2100: performance evaluation of a novel white blood cell differential technology. Arch Pathol Lab Med 125: 391–396.
-
18.
Kumar A, Yerneni LK, 2009. Semi-automated relative quantification of cell culture contamination with mycoplasma by Photoshop-based image analysis on immunofluorescence preparations. Biologicals 37: 55–60.
-
19.
Landis JR, Koch GG, 1977. The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics 33: 159–174.
-
20.
Hanscheid T, Valadas E, Grobusch MP, 2000. Automated malaria diagnosis using pigment detection. Parasitol Today 16: 549–551.
-
21.
Briggs C, Da Costa A, Freeman L, Aucamp I, Ngubeni B, Machin SJ, 2006. Development of an automated malaria discriminant factor using VCS technology. Am J Clin Pathol 126: 691–698.
-
22.
Hanscheid T, Langin M, Lell B, Potschke M, Oyakhirome S, Kremsner PG, Grobusch MP, 2008. Full blood count and haemozoin-containing leukocytes in children with malaria: diagnostic value and association with disease severity. Malar J 7: 109.
-
23.
Padial MM, Subirats M, Puente S, Lago M, Crespo S, Palacios G, Baquero M, 2005. Sensitivity of laser light depolarization analysis for detection of malaria in blood samples. J Med Microbiol 54: 449–452.
-
24.
Pinter E, Szabo O, Tdorova R, Varnai Z, Banhegyi D, 2007. Relapse of Plasmodium vivax and recrudescence of Plasmodium malariae malaria as detects by Sysmex XE 2100 fully automated blood cell analyzer. Sysmex Journal International 17: 102–105.
-
25.
Rowan RM, Linssen J, 2005. A picture is worth a thousand words: XE-2100 and falciparum malaria. Sysmex Journal International 15: 27–38.
-
26.
Landis JR, Koch GG, 1977. An application of hierarchical kappa-type statistics in the assessment of majority agreement among multiple observers. Biometrics 33: 363–374.
-
27.
Sysmex Corporation, 2006. Fluorescence Differentiation Supports Malaria Diagnosis. Sysmex Europe GMBH, Norderstedt, Germany. 1–11.
-
28.
Nguyen PH, Day N, Pram TD, Ferguson DJ, White NJ, 1995. Intraleucocytic malaria pigment and prognosis in severe malaria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 89: 200–204.
-
29.
Hosmer DW, Lemeshow S, 2000. Assessing the fit of the model. Hosmer DW, Lemeshow S, eds. Applied Logistic Regression. New York: Wiley-Interscience Publication, 160–163.
-
30.
van Vianen PH, van Engen A, Thaithong S, van der Keur M, Tanke HJ, van der Kaay HJ, Mons B, Janse CJ, 1993. Flow cytometric screening of blood samples for malaria parasites. Cytometry 14: 276–280.
-
31.
Saito-Ito A, Akai Y, He S, Kimura M, Kawabata M, 2001. A rapid, simple and sensitive flow cytometric system for detection of Plasmodium falciparum. Parasitol Int 50: 249–257.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Full Text Views | 406 | 182 | 7 |
| PDF Downloads | 140 | 83 | 7 |
Design of Malaria Diagnostic Criteria for the Sysmex XE-2100 Hematology Analyzer
Thick film, the standard diagnostic procedure for malaria, is not always ordered promptly. A failsafe diagnostic strategy using an XE-2100 analyzer is proposed, and for this strategy, malaria diagnostic models for the XE-2100 were developed and tested for accuracy. Two hundred eighty-one samples were distributed into Plasmodium vivax, P. falciparum, and acute febrile syndrome groups for model construction. Model validation was performed using 60% of malaria cases and a composite control group of samples from AFS and healthy participants from endemic and non-endemic regions. For P. vivax, two observer-dependent models (accuracy = 95.3–96.9%), one non–observer-dependent model using built-in variables (accuracy = 94.7%), and one non–observer-dependent model using new and built-in variables (accuracy = 96.8%) were developed. For P. falciparum, two non–observer-dependent models (accuracies = 85% and 89%) were developed. These models could be used by health personnel or be integrated as a malaria alarm for the XE-2100 to prompt early malaria microscopic diagnosis.
Author Notes
Financial support: This study was funded by the Laboratorio Clínico Hematológico S.A. Medellín, Colombia and the Grupo Malaria, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
Disclosure: Some of the authors wish to disclose that they have received technical support (two consultancies) from the Sysmex Corporation regarding this project in relation to accessing the hematology analyzer's technical variable database. No direct funding or benefits such as trips, conference participations, or commercial contracts have been offered or received by Sysmex Corporation regarding the research presented in the submitted paper. This statement is made in the interest of full disclosure and not because the authors consider this to be a conflict of interest.
Authors' addresses: Germán Campuzano-Zuluaga, Gonzalo Álvarez-Sánchez, Alexandra Marcela Ríos-Orrego, Adriana Pabón-Vidal, Andrés Felipe Miranda-Arboleda, and Silvia Blair-Trujillo, Grupo Malaria, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia, E-mails: germancz81@gmail.com, gonzalv@quimbaya.udea.edu.co, alexrioso@hotmail.com, apabon72@gmail.com, mirandaarboleda@gmail.com, and sblair@quimbaya.udea.edu.co. Germán Campuzano-Zuluaga, Gloria Elcy Escobar-Gallo, Luz Marina Valencia-Zuluaga, and Germán Campuzano-Maya, Laboratorio Clínico Hematológico, Medellín, Colombia, E-mails: germancz81@gmail.com, lablch@hematologico.com, comunicaciones@hematologico.com, and gcampuzano@hematologico.com.
Reprint requests: Germán Campuzano-Zuluaga, Laboratorio Clínico Hematológico, Carrera 43C No. 5-33, Medellín, Colombia 050022, E-mail: germancz81@gmail.com.