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Retinal Hemorrhage in Plasmodium vivax Malaria
Retinal hemorrhage is a frequently observed sign in Plasmodium falciparum infection. In Plasmodium vivax infection, however, retinal hemorrhage is very rare; only five cases have been reported in the literature. In this case report, we review the literature and the case of 52-year-old man who had retinal hemorrhages in P. vivax infection. We analyzed the structural characteristics of the lesions using fluorescein angiography and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Physicians should be aware of the possibility of retinal hemorrhage in malaria patients, even those with P. vivax infection, and should consider a diagnosis of malaria in a patient with unexplained retinal hemorrhage and fever.
Author Notes
Financial support: This study was supported by a grant from Inha University (Incheon, Korea).
Authors' addresses: Ji Hwan Lee, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, E-mail: leejihwan@yuhs.ac. Hee Seung Chin, Department of Ophthalmology, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea, E-mail: hschin@inha.ac.kr. Moon-Hyun Chung, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea, E-mail: mhchungid@paran.com. Yeon Sook Moon, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea, E-mail: moonys@inha.ac.kr.
Reprint requests: Hee Seung Chin, Department of Ophthalmology, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 400–700, Korea, E-mail: hschin@inha.ac.kr.