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1
Ravi V, Desai A, Shankar S, Gourie-Devi M, 2000. Japanese encephalitis. Davis L, Kennedy P, eds. Infectious Diseases of the Nervous System. Oxford, United Kingdom: Butterworth-Heinemann, 231–258.
-
2
Solomon T, Thao TT, Lewthwaite P, Ooi MH, Kneen R, Dung NM, White N, 2008. A cohort study to assess the new WHO Japanese encephalitis surveillance standards. Bull World Health Organ 86 :178–186.
-
3
World Health Organization, 2006. WHO-Recommended Standards for Surveillance of Selected Vaccine-Preventable Diseases. Geneva: World Health Organization.
-
4
Solomon T, Dung NM, Kneen R, Gainsborough M, Vaughn DW, Khanh VT, 2000. Japanese encephalitis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 68 :405–415.
-
5
Tsai TF, 2000. New initiatives for the control of Japanese encephalitis by vaccination: minutes of a WHO/CVI meeting, Bangkok, Thailand, October 13–15, 1998. Vaccine 18 (Suppl 2):1–25.
-
6
Jacobson JA, Hills SL, Winkler JL, Mammen M, Thaisomboonsuk B, Marfin AA, Gibbons RV, 2007. Evaluation of three immunoglobulin M antibody capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for diagnosis of Japanese encephalitis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 77 :164–168.
-
7
Burke DS, Nisalak A, Ussery MA, Laorakpongse T, Chantavibul S, 1985. Kinetics of IgM and IgG responses to Japanese encephalitis virus in human serum and cerebrospinal fluid. J Infect Dis 151 :1093–1099.
-
8
Sohn YM, Park MS, Rho HO, Chandler LJ, Shope RE, Tsai TF, 1999. Primary and booster immune responses to SA14-14-2 Japanese encephalitis vaccine in Korean infants. Vaccine 17 :2259–2264.
-
9
Ravi V, Desai A, Balaji M, Apte MP, Lakshman L, Subbakrishna DK, Sridharan G, Dhole TN, Ravikumar BV, 2006. Development and evaluation of a rapid IgM capture ELISA (JEV-Chex) for the diagnosis of Japanese encephalitis. J Clin Virol 35 :429–434.
-
10
Sreedharan A, Shenoy PK, Vani KR, Shankar SK, Satishchandra P, Chandramuki A, Ravi V, 1994. The role of immunological and virological techniques in the diagnosis of herpes simplex encephalitis. Indian J Med Res 99 :198–202.
-
11
Prashanth LK, Taly AB, Ravi V, Sinha S, Rao S, 2006. Long term survival in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: an enigma. Brain Dev 28 :447–452.
-
12
Martin DA, Biggerstaff BJ, Allen B, Johnson AJ, Lanciotti RS, Roehrig JT, 2002. Use of immunoglobulin M cross-reactions in differential diagnosis of human flaviviral encephalitis infections in the United States. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 9 :544–549.
-
13
Martin DA, Muth DA, Brown T, Johnson AJ, Karabatsos N, Roehrig JT, 2000. Standardization of immunoglobulin M capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for routine diagnosis of arboviral infections. J Clin Microbiol 38 :1823–1826.
-
14
Purdy DE, Chang GJ, 2005. Secretion of noninfectious dengue virus-like particles and identification of amino acids in the stem region involved in intracellular retention of envelope protein. Virology 333 :239–250.
-
15
Chang GJ, Hunt AR, Holmes DA, Springfield T, Chiueh TS, Roehrig JT, Gubler DJ, 2003. Enhancing biosynthesis and secretion of premembrane and envelope proteins by the chimeric plasmid of dengue virus type 2 and Japanese encephalitis virus. Virology 306 :170–180.
-
16
Holmes DA, Purdy DE, Chao DY, Noga AJ, Chang GJ, 2005. Comparative analysis of immunoglobulin M (IgM) capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using virus-like particles or virus-infected mouse brain antigens to detect IgM antibody in sera from patients with evident flaviviral infections. J Clin Microbiol 43 :3227–3236.
-
17
Russell BJ, Velez JO, Laven JJ, Johnson AJ, Chang GJ, Johnson BW, 2007. A comparison of concentration methods applied to non-infectious flavivirus recombinant antigens for use in diagnostic serological assays. J Virol Methods 145 :62–70.
-
18
Lanciotti RS, Tsai TF, 2007. Arboviruses. Murray PR, Baron EJ, Jorgensen JH, Landry ML, Pfaller MA, eds. Manual of Clinical Microbiology. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology Press, 1486–1500.
-
19
Beaty B, Calisher C, Shope R, 1995. Arboviruses. Lennette E, Lennette D, Lennette E, eds. Diagnostic Procedures for Viral, Rickettsial, and Chlamydial Infections. Washington, DC: American Public Health Association, 189–212.
-
20
World Health Organization, 2007. Guidelines for Plaque Reduction Neutralizing Testing of Human Antibodies to Dengue Viruses. Geneva: World Health Organization.
-
21
Johnson BW, Kosoy O, Hunsperger E, Beltran M, Delorey M, Guirakhoo F, Monath TP, 2009. Evaluation of chimeric Japanese encephalitis and dengue viruses for use in diagnostic plaque reduction neutralization tests. Clin Vaccine Immunol: 16 :1052–1059.
-
22
Chambers TJ, Nestorowicz A, Mason PW, Rice CM, 1999. Yellow fever/Japanese encephalitis chimeric viruses: construction and biological properties. J Virol 73 :3095–3101.
-
23
Guirakhoo F, Arroyo J, Pugachev KV, Miller C, Zhang ZX, Weltzin R, Georgakopoulos K, Catalan J, Ocran S, Soike K, Ratterree M, Monath TP, 2001. Construction, safety, and immunogenicity in nonhuman primates of a chimeric yellow fever-dengue virus tetravalent vaccine. J Virol 75 :7290–7304.
-
24
Pugachev KV, Guirakhoo F, Mitchell F, Ocran SW, Parsons M, Johnson BW, Kosoy OL, Lanciotti RS, Roehrig JT, Trent DW, Monath TP, 2004. Construction of yellow fever/St. Louis encephalitis chimeric virus and the use of chimeras as a diagnostic tool. Am J Trop Med Hyg 71 :639–645.
-
25
Calisher CH, Karabatsos N, Dalrymple JM, Shope RE, Porterfield JS, Westaway EG, Brandt WE, 1989. Antigenic relationships between flaviviruses as determined by cross-neutralization tests with polyclonal antisera. J Gen Virol 70 :37–43.
-
26
Martin DA, Noga A, Kosoy O, Johnson AJ, Petersen LR, Lanciotti RS, 2004. Evaluation of a diagnostic algorithm using immunoglobulin M enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to differentiate human West Nile Virus and St. Louis Encephalitis virus infections during the 2002 West Nile Virus epidemic in the United States. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 11 :1130–1133.
-
27
Gubler DJ, Campbell GL, Nasci R, Komar N, Petersen L, Roehrig JT, 2000. West Nile virus in the United States: guidelines for detection, prevention, and control. Viral Immunol 13 :469–475.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 681 | 579 | 458 |
| Full Text Views | 259 | 2 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 80 | 2 | 0 |
Evaluation of IgM Antibody Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kits for Detection of IgM against Japanese Encephalitis Virus in Cerebrospinal Fluid Samples
Vasanthapuram Ravi
Vasanthapuram Ravi
Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India; Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Immunization and Vaccine Development, World Health Organization South East Asia Regional Office, New Delhi, India; Department of Immunization, Vaccines, and Biologicals, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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Jaimie S. Robinson
Jaimie S. Robinson
Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India; Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Immunization and Vaccine Development, World Health Organization South East Asia Regional Office, New Delhi, India; Department of Immunization, Vaccines, and Biologicals, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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Brandy J. Russell
Brandy J. Russell
Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India; Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Immunization and Vaccine Development, World Health Organization South East Asia Regional Office, New Delhi, India; Department of Immunization, Vaccines, and Biologicals, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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Anita Desai
Anita Desai
Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India; Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Immunization and Vaccine Development, World Health Organization South East Asia Regional Office, New Delhi, India; Department of Immunization, Vaccines, and Biologicals, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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Nalini Ramamurty
Nalini Ramamurty
Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India; Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Immunization and Vaccine Development, World Health Organization South East Asia Regional Office, New Delhi, India; Department of Immunization, Vaccines, and Biologicals, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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David Featherstone
David Featherstone
Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India; Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Immunization and Vaccine Development, World Health Organization South East Asia Regional Office, New Delhi, India; Department of Immunization, Vaccines, and Biologicals, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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Barbara W. Johnson
Barbara W. Johnson
Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India; Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Immunization and Vaccine Development, World Health Organization South East Asia Regional Office, New Delhi, India; Department of Immunization, Vaccines, and Biologicals, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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Infection with Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a major public health problem in Asia. Detection of JEV-specific IgM in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by the IgM antibody capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MAC-ELISA) is currently the most widely used diagnostic method to detect JEV infection. Because of the possible presence of IgM cross-reactivity with other flaviviruses in serum and the high ratio of inapparent-to-apparent JEV infections, a positive result in serum only suggests a recent infection and not necessarily an encephalitic illness caused by JEV. Consequently, detection of JEV-specific IgM in CSF assumes great diagnostic relevance. We evaluated two commercial JEV MAC-ELISA kits using 60 CSF samples obtained from patients with acute encephalitis syndrome. The Panbio and XCyton kits had sensitivities of 65–80% and 95% and specificities of 90% and 97.5%, respectively. Performance information on these commercial JEV MAC-ELISA kits for CSF should assist in laboratory-based JE surveillance programs.
Author Notes
ProCite
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Reference Manager
BibTeX
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-
1
Ravi V, Desai A, Shankar S, Gourie-Devi M, 2000. Japanese encephalitis. Davis L, Kennedy P, eds. Infectious Diseases of the Nervous System. Oxford, United Kingdom: Butterworth-Heinemann, 231–258.
-
2
Solomon T, Thao TT, Lewthwaite P, Ooi MH, Kneen R, Dung NM, White N, 2008. A cohort study to assess the new WHO Japanese encephalitis surveillance standards. Bull World Health Organ 86 :178–186.
-
3
World Health Organization, 2006. WHO-Recommended Standards for Surveillance of Selected Vaccine-Preventable Diseases. Geneva: World Health Organization.
-
4
Solomon T, Dung NM, Kneen R, Gainsborough M, Vaughn DW, Khanh VT, 2000. Japanese encephalitis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 68 :405–415.
-
5
Tsai TF, 2000. New initiatives for the control of Japanese encephalitis by vaccination: minutes of a WHO/CVI meeting, Bangkok, Thailand, October 13–15, 1998. Vaccine 18 (Suppl 2):1–25.
-
6
Jacobson JA, Hills SL, Winkler JL, Mammen M, Thaisomboonsuk B, Marfin AA, Gibbons RV, 2007. Evaluation of three immunoglobulin M antibody capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for diagnosis of Japanese encephalitis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 77 :164–168.
-
7
Burke DS, Nisalak A, Ussery MA, Laorakpongse T, Chantavibul S, 1985. Kinetics of IgM and IgG responses to Japanese encephalitis virus in human serum and cerebrospinal fluid. J Infect Dis 151 :1093–1099.
-
8
Sohn YM, Park MS, Rho HO, Chandler LJ, Shope RE, Tsai TF, 1999. Primary and booster immune responses to SA14-14-2 Japanese encephalitis vaccine in Korean infants. Vaccine 17 :2259–2264.
-
9
Ravi V, Desai A, Balaji M, Apte MP, Lakshman L, Subbakrishna DK, Sridharan G, Dhole TN, Ravikumar BV, 2006. Development and evaluation of a rapid IgM capture ELISA (JEV-Chex) for the diagnosis of Japanese encephalitis. J Clin Virol 35 :429–434.
-
10
Sreedharan A, Shenoy PK, Vani KR, Shankar SK, Satishchandra P, Chandramuki A, Ravi V, 1994. The role of immunological and virological techniques in the diagnosis of herpes simplex encephalitis. Indian J Med Res 99 :198–202.
-
11
Prashanth LK, Taly AB, Ravi V, Sinha S, Rao S, 2006. Long term survival in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: an enigma. Brain Dev 28 :447–452.
-
12
Martin DA, Biggerstaff BJ, Allen B, Johnson AJ, Lanciotti RS, Roehrig JT, 2002. Use of immunoglobulin M cross-reactions in differential diagnosis of human flaviviral encephalitis infections in the United States. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 9 :544–549.
-
13
Martin DA, Muth DA, Brown T, Johnson AJ, Karabatsos N, Roehrig JT, 2000. Standardization of immunoglobulin M capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for routine diagnosis of arboviral infections. J Clin Microbiol 38 :1823–1826.
-
14
Purdy DE, Chang GJ, 2005. Secretion of noninfectious dengue virus-like particles and identification of amino acids in the stem region involved in intracellular retention of envelope protein. Virology 333 :239–250.
-
15
Chang GJ, Hunt AR, Holmes DA, Springfield T, Chiueh TS, Roehrig JT, Gubler DJ, 2003. Enhancing biosynthesis and secretion of premembrane and envelope proteins by the chimeric plasmid of dengue virus type 2 and Japanese encephalitis virus. Virology 306 :170–180.
-
16
Holmes DA, Purdy DE, Chao DY, Noga AJ, Chang GJ, 2005. Comparative analysis of immunoglobulin M (IgM) capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using virus-like particles or virus-infected mouse brain antigens to detect IgM antibody in sera from patients with evident flaviviral infections. J Clin Microbiol 43 :3227–3236.
-
17
Russell BJ, Velez JO, Laven JJ, Johnson AJ, Chang GJ, Johnson BW, 2007. A comparison of concentration methods applied to non-infectious flavivirus recombinant antigens for use in diagnostic serological assays. J Virol Methods 145 :62–70.
-
18
Lanciotti RS, Tsai TF, 2007. Arboviruses. Murray PR, Baron EJ, Jorgensen JH, Landry ML, Pfaller MA, eds. Manual of Clinical Microbiology. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology Press, 1486–1500.
-
19
Beaty B, Calisher C, Shope R, 1995. Arboviruses. Lennette E, Lennette D, Lennette E, eds. Diagnostic Procedures for Viral, Rickettsial, and Chlamydial Infections. Washington, DC: American Public Health Association, 189–212.
-
20
World Health Organization, 2007. Guidelines for Plaque Reduction Neutralizing Testing of Human Antibodies to Dengue Viruses. Geneva: World Health Organization.
-
21
Johnson BW, Kosoy O, Hunsperger E, Beltran M, Delorey M, Guirakhoo F, Monath TP, 2009. Evaluation of chimeric Japanese encephalitis and dengue viruses for use in diagnostic plaque reduction neutralization tests. Clin Vaccine Immunol: 16 :1052–1059.
-
22
Chambers TJ, Nestorowicz A, Mason PW, Rice CM, 1999. Yellow fever/Japanese encephalitis chimeric viruses: construction and biological properties. J Virol 73 :3095–3101.
-
23
Guirakhoo F, Arroyo J, Pugachev KV, Miller C, Zhang ZX, Weltzin R, Georgakopoulos K, Catalan J, Ocran S, Soike K, Ratterree M, Monath TP, 2001. Construction, safety, and immunogenicity in nonhuman primates of a chimeric yellow fever-dengue virus tetravalent vaccine. J Virol 75 :7290–7304.
-
24
Pugachev KV, Guirakhoo F, Mitchell F, Ocran SW, Parsons M, Johnson BW, Kosoy OL, Lanciotti RS, Roehrig JT, Trent DW, Monath TP, 2004. Construction of yellow fever/St. Louis encephalitis chimeric virus and the use of chimeras as a diagnostic tool. Am J Trop Med Hyg 71 :639–645.
-
25
Calisher CH, Karabatsos N, Dalrymple JM, Shope RE, Porterfield JS, Westaway EG, Brandt WE, 1989. Antigenic relationships between flaviviruses as determined by cross-neutralization tests with polyclonal antisera. J Gen Virol 70 :37–43.
-
26
Martin DA, Noga A, Kosoy O, Johnson AJ, Petersen LR, Lanciotti RS, 2004. Evaluation of a diagnostic algorithm using immunoglobulin M enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to differentiate human West Nile Virus and St. Louis Encephalitis virus infections during the 2002 West Nile Virus epidemic in the United States. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 11 :1130–1133.
-
27
Gubler DJ, Campbell GL, Nasci R, Komar N, Petersen L, Roehrig JT, 2000. West Nile virus in the United States: guidelines for detection, prevention, and control. Viral Immunol 13 :469–475.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 681 | 579 | 458 |
| Full Text Views | 259 | 2 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 80 | 2 | 0 |