Kharfi M, Fazaa B, Chaker E, Kamoun MR, 2003. [Mucosal localization of leishmaniasis in Tunisia: 5 cases]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 130 :27–30.
Motta AC, Lopes MA, Ito FA, Carlos-Bregni R, de Almeida OP, Roselino AM, 2007. Oral leishmaniasis: a clinicopathological study of 11 cases. Oral Dis 13 :335–340.
el-Hassan AM, Meredith SE, Yagi HI, Khalil EA, Ghalib HW, Abbas K, Zijlstra EE, Kroon CC, Schoone GJ, Ismail A, 1995. Sudanese mucosal leishmaniasis: epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, immune responses and treatment. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 89 :647–652.
Abbas K, el Toum IA, el Hassan AM, 1992. Oral leishmaniasis associated with kala-azar. A case report. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 73 :583–584.
Dupond JL, Chobaut JC, Barale T, Billerey C, Mallet H, Pretot L, Leconte des Floris R, 1984. [Laryngeal leishmaniasis in a patient from the Jura. Unusual cause of epitheloid and giant cell granulomatosis]. Presse Med 13 :149–151.
Ferlito A, Pesavento G, Visona A, Recher G, Meli S, Bevilacqua P, 1986. Leishmaniasis donovani presenting as an isolated lesion in the larynx. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 48 :243–248.
Tomson N, Symonds RP, Moir AA, Kendall CH, Wiselka MJ, 2002. New World leishmaniasis from Spain. Postgrad Med J 78 :757–758.
Barnetson RS, Ridley RS, Wheate HW, 1978. A form of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in the Old World. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 72 :516–518.
Ibrahim M, Suliman A, Hashim FA, el Khalil TA, Evans DA, Kharazmi A, el Hassan AM, 1997. Oronasal leishmaniasis caused by a parasite with an unusual isoenzyme profile. Am J Trop Med Hyg 56 :96–98.
Mahdi M, Elamin EM, Melville SE, Musa AM, Blackwell JM, Mukhtar MM, Elhassan AM, Ibrahim ME, 2005. Sudanese mucosal leishmaniasis: isolation of a parasite within the Leishmania donovani complex that differs genotypically from L. donovani causing classical visceral leishmaniasis. Infect Genet Evol 5 :29–33.
Habibzadeh F, Sajedianfard J, Yadollahie M, 2005. Isolated lingual leishmaniasis. J Postgrad Med 51 :218–219.
el Harith A, Slappendel RJ, Reiter I, van Knapen F, de Korte P, Huigen E, Kolk AH, 1989. Application of a direct agglutination test for detection of specific anti-Leishmania antibodies in the canine reservoir. J Clin Microbiol 27 :2252–2257.
Smith DF, Searle S, Ready PD, Gramiccia M, Ben-Ismail R, 1989. A kinetoplast DNA probe diagnostic for Leishmania major: sequence homologies between regions of Leishmania minicircles. Mol Biochem Parasitol 37 :213–223.
el-Hassan AM, Zijlstra EE, 2001. Leishmaniasis in Sudan. Mucosal leishmaniasis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 95 (Suppl 1):S19–S26.
Camuset G, Remy V, Hansmann Y, Christmann D, Gomes de Albuquerque C, Sena Casseb GA, 2007. [Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in Brazilian Amazonia.]. Med Mal Infect 37 :343–346.
Ghalib HW, Eltoum EA, Kroon CC, el Hassan AM, 1992. Identification of Leishmania from mucosal leishmaniasis by recombinant DNA probes. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 86 :158–160.
Wysluch A, Sommerer F, Ramadan H, Loeffelbein D, Wolff KD, Holzle F, 2007. [The leishmaniasis—a parasite infection as differential diagnosis of malignant tumours of oral mucosa. A case report and review of literature.] Mund Kiefer Gesichtschir 11 :167–173.
Evans TG, 1993. Leishmaniasis. Infect Dis Clin North Am 7 :527–546.
Chaudhry Z, Barrett AW, Corbett E, French PD, Zakrzewska JM, 1999. Oral mucosal leishmaniasis as a presenting feature of HIV infection and its management. J Oral Pathol Med 28 :43–46.
Milian MA, Bagan JV, Jimenez Y, Perez A, Scully C, 2002. Oral leishmaniasis in a HIV-positive patient. Report of a case involving the palate. Oral Dis 8 :59–61.
Mota Sasaki M, Matsumo Carvalho M, Schmitz Ferreira ML, Machado MP, 1997. Cutaneous leishmaniasis coinfection in AIDS patients: case report and literature review. Braz J Infect Dis 1 :142–144.
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Mucosal leishmaniasis (ML) is an oral disease caused by the parasite Leishmania donovani. The disease has been proven to be pandemic in many areas of the world. It affects young men living in leishmaniasis-endemic areas. ML might be accompanied or proceeded by visceral leishmaniasis (VL), although in most of the cases seen in Sudan, ML occurs as a primary lesion. ML can mimic oral cancer or fungal infections, with ulceration as the most common finding in ML lesions. In this report, the patient came from an area known to be endemic for VL. Although the lesions were not ulcerative, the patient history was indicative for ML. Early detection and proper diagnosis were of great help in the cure and prognosis of the disease.
Kharfi M, Fazaa B, Chaker E, Kamoun MR, 2003. [Mucosal localization of leishmaniasis in Tunisia: 5 cases]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 130 :27–30.
Motta AC, Lopes MA, Ito FA, Carlos-Bregni R, de Almeida OP, Roselino AM, 2007. Oral leishmaniasis: a clinicopathological study of 11 cases. Oral Dis 13 :335–340.
el-Hassan AM, Meredith SE, Yagi HI, Khalil EA, Ghalib HW, Abbas K, Zijlstra EE, Kroon CC, Schoone GJ, Ismail A, 1995. Sudanese mucosal leishmaniasis: epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, immune responses and treatment. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 89 :647–652.
Abbas K, el Toum IA, el Hassan AM, 1992. Oral leishmaniasis associated with kala-azar. A case report. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 73 :583–584.
Dupond JL, Chobaut JC, Barale T, Billerey C, Mallet H, Pretot L, Leconte des Floris R, 1984. [Laryngeal leishmaniasis in a patient from the Jura. Unusual cause of epitheloid and giant cell granulomatosis]. Presse Med 13 :149–151.
Ferlito A, Pesavento G, Visona A, Recher G, Meli S, Bevilacqua P, 1986. Leishmaniasis donovani presenting as an isolated lesion in the larynx. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 48 :243–248.
Tomson N, Symonds RP, Moir AA, Kendall CH, Wiselka MJ, 2002. New World leishmaniasis from Spain. Postgrad Med J 78 :757–758.
Barnetson RS, Ridley RS, Wheate HW, 1978. A form of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in the Old World. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 72 :516–518.
Ibrahim M, Suliman A, Hashim FA, el Khalil TA, Evans DA, Kharazmi A, el Hassan AM, 1997. Oronasal leishmaniasis caused by a parasite with an unusual isoenzyme profile. Am J Trop Med Hyg 56 :96–98.
Mahdi M, Elamin EM, Melville SE, Musa AM, Blackwell JM, Mukhtar MM, Elhassan AM, Ibrahim ME, 2005. Sudanese mucosal leishmaniasis: isolation of a parasite within the Leishmania donovani complex that differs genotypically from L. donovani causing classical visceral leishmaniasis. Infect Genet Evol 5 :29–33.
Habibzadeh F, Sajedianfard J, Yadollahie M, 2005. Isolated lingual leishmaniasis. J Postgrad Med 51 :218–219.
el Harith A, Slappendel RJ, Reiter I, van Knapen F, de Korte P, Huigen E, Kolk AH, 1989. Application of a direct agglutination test for detection of specific anti-Leishmania antibodies in the canine reservoir. J Clin Microbiol 27 :2252–2257.
Smith DF, Searle S, Ready PD, Gramiccia M, Ben-Ismail R, 1989. A kinetoplast DNA probe diagnostic for Leishmania major: sequence homologies between regions of Leishmania minicircles. Mol Biochem Parasitol 37 :213–223.
el-Hassan AM, Zijlstra EE, 2001. Leishmaniasis in Sudan. Mucosal leishmaniasis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 95 (Suppl 1):S19–S26.
Camuset G, Remy V, Hansmann Y, Christmann D, Gomes de Albuquerque C, Sena Casseb GA, 2007. [Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in Brazilian Amazonia.]. Med Mal Infect 37 :343–346.
Ghalib HW, Eltoum EA, Kroon CC, el Hassan AM, 1992. Identification of Leishmania from mucosal leishmaniasis by recombinant DNA probes. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 86 :158–160.
Wysluch A, Sommerer F, Ramadan H, Loeffelbein D, Wolff KD, Holzle F, 2007. [The leishmaniasis—a parasite infection as differential diagnosis of malignant tumours of oral mucosa. A case report and review of literature.] Mund Kiefer Gesichtschir 11 :167–173.
Evans TG, 1993. Leishmaniasis. Infect Dis Clin North Am 7 :527–546.
Chaudhry Z, Barrett AW, Corbett E, French PD, Zakrzewska JM, 1999. Oral mucosal leishmaniasis as a presenting feature of HIV infection and its management. J Oral Pathol Med 28 :43–46.
Milian MA, Bagan JV, Jimenez Y, Perez A, Scully C, 2002. Oral leishmaniasis in a HIV-positive patient. Report of a case involving the palate. Oral Dis 8 :59–61.
Mota Sasaki M, Matsumo Carvalho M, Schmitz Ferreira ML, Machado MP, 1997. Cutaneous leishmaniasis coinfection in AIDS patients: case report and literature review. Braz J Infect Dis 1 :142–144.
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Abstract Views | 591 | 523 | 9 |
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