Departemen Kesehatan RI, 2006. Pedoman Penatalaksanaan Kasus Malaria di Indonesia.
Humphreys GS, Merinopoulos, Ahmed J, Whitty CJ, Mutabingwa TK, Sutherlands CJ, Hallett RL, 2007. Amodiaquine and artemether-lumefantrine select distict alleles of the Plasmodium falciparum mdr1 gene in Tanzanian children treated for uncomplicated malaria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 51 :991–997.
Brasseur P, Guiguemde R, Diallo S, Guiyadi V, Kombila M, Ringwald P, Olliaro P, 1999. Amodiaquine remains effective for treating uncomplicated malaria in west and central Africa. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 93 :645–650.
Olliaro P, Mussano P, 2003. Amodiaquine for treating malaria. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2 :CD000016.
Adjuik M, Agnamey P, Babiker A, Borrmann S, Brasseur P, Cisse M, Cobelens F, Diallo S, Faucher JF, Garner P, Gikunda S, Kremsner PG, Krishna S, Lell B, Loolpapit M, Matsiegui PB, Missinou MA, Mwanza J, Ntoumi F, Olliaro P, Osimbo P, Rezbach P, Some E, Taylor WR, 2002. Amodiaquine-artesunate versus amodiaquine for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in African children: a randomised, multicentre trial. Lancet 359 :1365–1372.
Hasugian AR, Purba HL, Kenangalem E, Wuwung RM, Ebsworth EP, Maristela R, Penttinen PM, Laihad F, Anstey NM, Tjitra E, Price RN, 2007. Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine versus artesunate-amodiaquine: superior efficacy and posttreatment prophylaxis against multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria. Clin Infect Dis 44 :1067–1074.
Marfurt J, Müller I, Sie A, Oa O, Reeder JC, Smith TA, Beck HP, Genton B, 2008. The usefulness of twenty-four molecular markers in predicting treatment outcome with combination therapy of amodiaquine plus sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine against falciparum malaria in Papua New Guinea. Malar J 7 :61.
Syafruddin D, Asih PB, Coutrier FN, Trianty L, Noviyanti R, Luase Y, Sumarto W, Caley M, van der Ven A, Sauerwein R, 2006. Malaria in Wanokaka and Loli sub-districts, West Sumba District, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 74 :733–737.
Takken W, Snellen WB, Verhave JP, Knols BG, Atmosoedjono S, 1990. Environmental Measures for Malaria Control in Indonesia: A Historical Review on Species Sanitation. Wageningen, The Netherlands: Wageningen Agricultural University Press. Papers 90: 7.
World Health Organization, 2003. Assessment and Monitoring of Antimalarial Drug Efficacy for the Treatment of Uncomplicated falciparum Malaria. Geneva: World Health Organization.
Gilles HM, 1993. Diagnostic method in malaria. Gilles HM, Warrell DA, eds. Bruce-Chwatt’s Essential Malariology. New York: Oxford University Press, 79–95.
Wooden J, Kyes S, Sibley CH, 1993. PCR and strain identification in Plasmodium falciparum. Parasitol Today 9 :303–305.
Reeder JC, Rieckmann KH, Genton B, Lorry K, Wines B, Cowman AF, 1996. Point mutations in the dihydrofolate reductase and dihydropteroate synthase genes and in vitro susceptibility to pyrimethamine and cycloguanil of Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Papua New Guinea. Am J Trop Med Hyg 55 :209–213.
Duraisingh MT, Curtis J, Warhurst DC, 1998. Plasmodium falciparum: detection of polymorphisms in the dihydrofolate reductase and dihydropteroate synthetase genes by PCR and restriction digestion. Exp Parasitol 89 :1–8.
Mesnick SR, Alker AP, 2005. Amodiaquine and combination chemotherapy for malaria. Am J Trop Med Hyg 75 :821–823.
Pussard E, Verdier F, Faurisson F, Schermann JM, Le Bras J, Blayo MC, 1987. Disposition of monodesethylamodiaquine after a single oral dose of amodiaquine and three regiments for prophylaxis against Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 33 :409–414.
Ochong EO, van den Broek IV, Keus K, Nzila A, 2003. Short report: association between chloroquine and amodiaquine resistance and allelic variation in the Plasmodium falciparum multiple drug resistance 1 gene and the chloroquine resistance transporter gene in isolates from the upper Nile in southern Sudan. Am J Trop Med Hyg 69 :184–187.
Warhurst DC, 2003. Polymorphism in the Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine-resistance transporter protein links verapamil enhancement of chloroquine sensitivity with the clinical efficacy of amodiaquine. Malar J 2 :31.
Holmgren G, Gil JP, Ferreira PM, Veiga MI, Obonyo CO, Bjorkman A, 2006. Amodiaquine resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria in vivo is associated with selection of pfcrt 76T and pfmdr1 86Y. Infect Genet Evol 6 :309–314.
Duraisingh MT, Drakeley CJ, Muller O, Bailey R, Snounou G, Targett GA, Greenwood BM, Warhurst DC, 1997. Evidence for selection for the tyrosine-86 allele of the pfmdr 1 gene of Plasmodium falciparum by chloroquine and amodiaquine. Parasitology 114 :205–211.
Sutherlands CJ, Ord R, Dunyo S, Jawara M, Drakeley CJ, Alexander N, Coleman R, Pinder M, Walraven G, Targett GA, 2005. Reduction of malaria transmission to Anopheles mosquitoes with a six-dose regimen of co-artemether. PLoS Med 2 :92.
Syafruddin D, Asih PB, Casey GJ, Maguire J, Baird JK, Nagesha HS, Cowman AF, Reeder JC, 2005. Molecular epidemiology of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to antimalarial drugs in Indonesia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 72 :174–181.
Syafruddin D, Asih PB, Aggarwal SL, Shankar AH, 2003. Frequency distribution of antimalarial drug-resistant alleles among the field isolates of Plasmodium falciparum in Purworejo District, Central Java Province, Indonesia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 69 :614–620.
Reed MB, Saliba KJ, Caruana SR, Kirk K, Cowman AF, 2000. Pgh1 modulates sensitivity and resistance to multiple antimalarials in Plasmodium falciparum. Nature 403 :906–909.
Nsobya SL, Dokomajilar C, Joloba M, Dorsey G, Rosenthal PJ, 2007. Resistance-mediating Plasmodium falciparum pfcrt and pfmdr1 alleles after treatment with artesunate-amodiaquine in Uganda. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 51 :3023–3025.
Holmgren G, Bjorkman A, Gill JP, 2006. Amodiaquine resistance is not related to rare findings of Pfmdr1 gene amplifications in Kenya. Trop Med Int Health 11 :1808–1812.
Plowe CV, Kublin JG, Dzinjalamala FK, Kamwendo DS, Mukadam RA, Chimpeni P, Molyneux ME, Taylor TE, 2004. Sustained clinical efficacy of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Malawi after 10 years as first line treatment: five years prospective study. BMJ 328 :545.
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Reports on treatment failures associated with the use of first-and second-line antimalarial drugs chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine have recently increased in many parts of Indonesia. The present study evaluated artemisinin-based combination therapy for treatment of persons with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in West Sumba District, East Nusa Tenggara Province. A total of 103 persons 1–57 years of age were enrolled, given standard artesunate-amodiaquine therapy, and followed-up for 28 days. All persons clinically recovered, but two persons were again parasitemic on day 7. This finding indicated that these two persons had recurrent parasitemias on days 21 and 28. Molecular analyses suggested both recurrences were caused by reinfections. There were no severe adverse events, but complaints of gastrointestinal upset, nausea and vomiting, and headache linked to therapy occurred among 9.7%, 5.8% and 5.8% of the persons, respectively. Artesunate-amodiaquine proved efficacious therapy for treatment of persons with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria at one site in eastern Indonesia but it may have tolerability problems that merit further investigation.
Departemen Kesehatan RI, 2006. Pedoman Penatalaksanaan Kasus Malaria di Indonesia.
Humphreys GS, Merinopoulos, Ahmed J, Whitty CJ, Mutabingwa TK, Sutherlands CJ, Hallett RL, 2007. Amodiaquine and artemether-lumefantrine select distict alleles of the Plasmodium falciparum mdr1 gene in Tanzanian children treated for uncomplicated malaria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 51 :991–997.
Brasseur P, Guiguemde R, Diallo S, Guiyadi V, Kombila M, Ringwald P, Olliaro P, 1999. Amodiaquine remains effective for treating uncomplicated malaria in west and central Africa. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 93 :645–650.
Olliaro P, Mussano P, 2003. Amodiaquine for treating malaria. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2 :CD000016.
Adjuik M, Agnamey P, Babiker A, Borrmann S, Brasseur P, Cisse M, Cobelens F, Diallo S, Faucher JF, Garner P, Gikunda S, Kremsner PG, Krishna S, Lell B, Loolpapit M, Matsiegui PB, Missinou MA, Mwanza J, Ntoumi F, Olliaro P, Osimbo P, Rezbach P, Some E, Taylor WR, 2002. Amodiaquine-artesunate versus amodiaquine for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in African children: a randomised, multicentre trial. Lancet 359 :1365–1372.
Hasugian AR, Purba HL, Kenangalem E, Wuwung RM, Ebsworth EP, Maristela R, Penttinen PM, Laihad F, Anstey NM, Tjitra E, Price RN, 2007. Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine versus artesunate-amodiaquine: superior efficacy and posttreatment prophylaxis against multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria. Clin Infect Dis 44 :1067–1074.
Marfurt J, Müller I, Sie A, Oa O, Reeder JC, Smith TA, Beck HP, Genton B, 2008. The usefulness of twenty-four molecular markers in predicting treatment outcome with combination therapy of amodiaquine plus sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine against falciparum malaria in Papua New Guinea. Malar J 7 :61.
Syafruddin D, Asih PB, Coutrier FN, Trianty L, Noviyanti R, Luase Y, Sumarto W, Caley M, van der Ven A, Sauerwein R, 2006. Malaria in Wanokaka and Loli sub-districts, West Sumba District, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 74 :733–737.
Takken W, Snellen WB, Verhave JP, Knols BG, Atmosoedjono S, 1990. Environmental Measures for Malaria Control in Indonesia: A Historical Review on Species Sanitation. Wageningen, The Netherlands: Wageningen Agricultural University Press. Papers 90: 7.
World Health Organization, 2003. Assessment and Monitoring of Antimalarial Drug Efficacy for the Treatment of Uncomplicated falciparum Malaria. Geneva: World Health Organization.
Gilles HM, 1993. Diagnostic method in malaria. Gilles HM, Warrell DA, eds. Bruce-Chwatt’s Essential Malariology. New York: Oxford University Press, 79–95.
Wooden J, Kyes S, Sibley CH, 1993. PCR and strain identification in Plasmodium falciparum. Parasitol Today 9 :303–305.
Reeder JC, Rieckmann KH, Genton B, Lorry K, Wines B, Cowman AF, 1996. Point mutations in the dihydrofolate reductase and dihydropteroate synthase genes and in vitro susceptibility to pyrimethamine and cycloguanil of Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Papua New Guinea. Am J Trop Med Hyg 55 :209–213.
Duraisingh MT, Curtis J, Warhurst DC, 1998. Plasmodium falciparum: detection of polymorphisms in the dihydrofolate reductase and dihydropteroate synthetase genes by PCR and restriction digestion. Exp Parasitol 89 :1–8.
Mesnick SR, Alker AP, 2005. Amodiaquine and combination chemotherapy for malaria. Am J Trop Med Hyg 75 :821–823.
Pussard E, Verdier F, Faurisson F, Schermann JM, Le Bras J, Blayo MC, 1987. Disposition of monodesethylamodiaquine after a single oral dose of amodiaquine and three regiments for prophylaxis against Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 33 :409–414.
Ochong EO, van den Broek IV, Keus K, Nzila A, 2003. Short report: association between chloroquine and amodiaquine resistance and allelic variation in the Plasmodium falciparum multiple drug resistance 1 gene and the chloroquine resistance transporter gene in isolates from the upper Nile in southern Sudan. Am J Trop Med Hyg 69 :184–187.
Warhurst DC, 2003. Polymorphism in the Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine-resistance transporter protein links verapamil enhancement of chloroquine sensitivity with the clinical efficacy of amodiaquine. Malar J 2 :31.
Holmgren G, Gil JP, Ferreira PM, Veiga MI, Obonyo CO, Bjorkman A, 2006. Amodiaquine resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria in vivo is associated with selection of pfcrt 76T and pfmdr1 86Y. Infect Genet Evol 6 :309–314.
Duraisingh MT, Drakeley CJ, Muller O, Bailey R, Snounou G, Targett GA, Greenwood BM, Warhurst DC, 1997. Evidence for selection for the tyrosine-86 allele of the pfmdr 1 gene of Plasmodium falciparum by chloroquine and amodiaquine. Parasitology 114 :205–211.
Sutherlands CJ, Ord R, Dunyo S, Jawara M, Drakeley CJ, Alexander N, Coleman R, Pinder M, Walraven G, Targett GA, 2005. Reduction of malaria transmission to Anopheles mosquitoes with a six-dose regimen of co-artemether. PLoS Med 2 :92.
Syafruddin D, Asih PB, Casey GJ, Maguire J, Baird JK, Nagesha HS, Cowman AF, Reeder JC, 2005. Molecular epidemiology of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to antimalarial drugs in Indonesia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 72 :174–181.
Syafruddin D, Asih PB, Aggarwal SL, Shankar AH, 2003. Frequency distribution of antimalarial drug-resistant alleles among the field isolates of Plasmodium falciparum in Purworejo District, Central Java Province, Indonesia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 69 :614–620.
Reed MB, Saliba KJ, Caruana SR, Kirk K, Cowman AF, 2000. Pgh1 modulates sensitivity and resistance to multiple antimalarials in Plasmodium falciparum. Nature 403 :906–909.
Nsobya SL, Dokomajilar C, Joloba M, Dorsey G, Rosenthal PJ, 2007. Resistance-mediating Plasmodium falciparum pfcrt and pfmdr1 alleles after treatment with artesunate-amodiaquine in Uganda. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 51 :3023–3025.
Holmgren G, Bjorkman A, Gill JP, 2006. Amodiaquine resistance is not related to rare findings of Pfmdr1 gene amplifications in Kenya. Trop Med Int Health 11 :1808–1812.
Plowe CV, Kublin JG, Dzinjalamala FK, Kamwendo DS, Mukadam RA, Chimpeni P, Molyneux ME, Taylor TE, 2004. Sustained clinical efficacy of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Malawi after 10 years as first line treatment: five years prospective study. BMJ 328 :545.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 502 | 450 | 13 |
Full Text Views | 227 | 4 | 0 |
PDF Downloads | 68 | 4 | 0 |