• 1

    Dubey JP, Beattie CP, 1988. Toxoplasmosis of Animals and Man. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.

  • 2

    Tenter AM, Heckeroth AR, Weiss LM, 2000. Toxoplasma gondii: from animals to humans. Int J Parasitol 30 :1217–1258.

  • 3

    Chintana T, Sukthana Y, Bunyakai B, Lekkla A, 1998. Toxoplasma gondii antibody in pregnant women with and without HIV infection. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2: 383–386.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 4

    Luft BJ, Remington JS, 1988. AIDS commentary. Toxoplasmic encephalitis. J Infect Dis 157 :1–6.

  • 5

    Frenkel JK, Escajadillo A, 1987. Cyst rupture as a pathogenic mechanism of toxoplasmic encephalitis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 36 :517–522.

  • 6

    Aspinall TV, Guy EC, Roberts KE, Joynson DH, Hyde JE, Sims PF, 2003. Molecular evidence for multiple Toxoplasma gondii infections in individual patients in England and Wales: public health implications. Int J Parasitol 33 :97–103.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 7

    Luft BJ, Remington JS, 1992. Toxoplasmic encephalitis in AIDS. Clin Infect Dis 15 :211–222.

  • 8

    Faria EB, Gennari SM, Pena HF, Athayde AC, Silva ML, Azevedo SS, 2007. Prevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in goats slaughtered in the public slaughterhouse of Patos city, Paraíba State, Northeast region of Brazil. Vet Parasitol 149 :126–129.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 9

    Anderson ML, Blanchard PC, Barr BC, Dubey JP, Hoffman RL, Conrad PA, 1991. Neospora-like protozoan infection as a major cause of abortion in California dairy cattle. J Am Vet Med Assoc 198 :241–244.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 10

    Barber JS, Trees AJ, 1996. Clinical aspects of 27 cases of neosporosis in dogs. Vet Rec 139 :439–443.

  • 11

    Dubey JP, 2003. Review of Neospora caninum and neosporosis in animals. Korean J Parasitol 41 :1–16.

  • 12

    Tranas J, Heinzen RA, Weiss LM, McAllister MM, 1999. Serological evidence of human infection with the protozoan Neospora caninum. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 5 :765–767.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 13

    Lobato J, Silva DA, Mineo TW, Amaral JD, Segundo GR, Costa-Cruz JM, Ferreira MS, Borges AS, Mineo JR, 2006. Detection of immunoglobulin G antibodies to Neospora caninum in humans: high seropositivity rates in patients who are infected by human immunodeficiency virus or have neurological disorders. Clin Vaccine Immunol 1 :84–89.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 14

    Huang X, Xuan X, Hirata H, Yokoyama N, Xu L, Suzuki N, Igarashi I, 2004. Rapid immunochromatographic test using recombinant SAG2 for detection of antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii in cats. J Clin Microbiol 42 :351–353.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 15

    Jenkins M, Baszler T, Bjorkman C, Schares G, Williams D, 2002. Diagnosis and seroepidemiology of Neospora caninum-associated bovine abortion. Int J Parasitol 32 :631–636.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 16

    Chahan B, Gaturaga I, Huang X, Liao M, Fukumoto S, Hirata H, Nishikawa Y, Suzuki H, Sugimoto C, Nagasawa H, Fujizaki K, Igarashi I, Mikami T, Xuan X, 2003. Serodiagnosis of Neospra caninum infection in cattle by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with recombinant truncated NcSAG1. Vet Parasitol 118 :177–185.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 17

    Huang X, Xuan X, Kimbita EN, Battur B, Miyazawa T, Fukumoto S, Mishima M, Makala LH, Suzuki H, Sugimoto C, Nagasawa H, Fujisaki K, Mikami T, Igarashi I, 2002. Development and evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with recombinant SAG2 for diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii infection in cats. J Parasitol 88 :804–807.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 18

    Huang X, Xuan X, Suzuki H, Sugimoto C, Nagasawa H, Fujisaki K, Mikami T, Igarashi I, 2002. Characterization of Toxoplasma gondii SAG2 expressed in insect cells by recombinant baculovirus and evaluation of its diagnostic potential in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 9 :1343–1347.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 19

    Hemphill A, Fuchs N, Sonda S, Gottstein B, Hentrich B, 1997. Identification and partial characterization of a 36-kDa surface protein on Neospora caninum tachyzoites. Parasitology 115 :371–380.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 20

    Howe DK, Crawford AC, Lindsay D, Sibley LD, 1998. The p29 and p35 immunodominant antigens of Neospora caninum tachyzoites are homologous to the family of surface antigens of Toxoplasma gondii. Infect Immun 66 :5322–5328.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 21

    Azab ME, el-Shenawy SF, el-Hady HM, Ahmad MM, 1993. Comparative study of three tests (indirect haemagglutination, direct agglutination, and indirect immunofluorescence) for detection of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in pregnant women. J Egypt Soc Parasitol 23 :471–476.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 22

    El-Massey A, Mahdy OA, El-Ghaysh A, Dubey JP, 2000. Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies from sera of turkeys, chickens, and ducks from Egypt. J Parasitol 32 :99–105.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 23

    Dubey JP, Graham DH, Dahl E, Hilali M, El-Ghaysh A, Sreekumar C, Kwok OC, Shen SK, Lehmann T, 2003. Isolation and molecular characterization of Toxoplasma gondii from chickens and ducks from Egypt. Vet Parasitol 30 :89–95.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 24

    El-Ghaysh A, 1998. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in Egyptian donkeys using ELISA. Vet Parasitol 15 :71–73.

  • 25

    Hilali M, Romand S, Thulliez P, Kwok OC, Dubey JP, 1998. Prevalence of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in sera from camels from Egypt. Vet Parasitol 75 :269–271.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 26

    Dubey JP, Romand S, Hilali M, Kwok OC, Thulliez P, 1998. Seroprevalence of antibodies to Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) from Egypt. Int J Parasitol 3 :527–529.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 27

    Dubey JP, Frenkel JK, 1988. Toxoplasmosis of rats: a review, with considerations of their value as an animal model and their possible role in epidemiology. Vet Parasitol 77 :1–32.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 28

    Parmley SF, Sgarlato GD, Mark J, Prince JB, Reminaton JS, 1992. Expression, characterization, and serological reactivity of recombinant surface antigen P22 of Toxoplasma gondii. J Clin Microbiol 30 :1127–1133.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 29

    Nimri L, Pelloux H, Elkhatib L, 2004. Detection of Toxoplasma gondii DNA and specific antibodies in high-risk pregnant women. Am J Trop Med Hyg 71 :831–835.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 30

    Remington JS, Mcleod R, Desmonts G, 1995. Toxoplasmosis. Remington JS, Klein JO, eds. Infectious Diseases of the Fetus and Newborn Infant. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, 140–267.

  • 31

    Abdel-Hafez SK, Shbeeb I, Ismail NS, Abdel-Rahman F, 1986. Serodiagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii in habitually aborting women and other adults from North Jordan. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 33 :7–13.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 32

    Galvan Ramirez ML, Soto Mancilla JL, Velasco Castrejon O, Perez Medina R, 1995. Incidence of anti-Toxoplasma antibodies in women with high-risk pregnancy and habitual abortions. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 28 :333–337.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 33

    Zuber P, Jacquier P, 1995. Epidemiology of toxoplasmosis: worldwide status. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 65 (Suppl):19S–22S.

  • 34

    McAllister MM, Dubey JP, Lindsay DS, Jolley WR, Wills RA, McGuire AM, 1998. Dogs are definitive hosts of Neospora caninum. Int J Parasitol 28 :1473–1478.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 35

    McCabe RE, Remington JS, 1985. Toxoplasma gondii. Mandell GL, Douglas Jr RG, Bennett JE, eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Second edition. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1540–1549.

  • 36

    Cook DC, Gilbert RE, Buffolano W, Zufferey J, Petersen E, Jenum PA, Foulon W, Semprini AE, Dunn DT, 2000. Sources of Toxoplasma infection in pregnant women: European multi-centre case-control study. BMJ 21 :142–147.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 37

    Ghazy AA, Shaapan RM, Abdel-Rahman EH, 2007. Comparative serological diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in horses using locally isolated Toxoplasma gondii. Vet Parasitol 145 :31–36.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
Past two years Past Year Past 30 Days
Abstract Views 0 0 0
Full Text Views 404 177 0
PDF Downloads 112 39 0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Prevalence of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii Antibodies in Northern Egypt

Hany M. IbrahimNational Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan; Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, Minufiya University, Sadat City, Egypt

Search for other papers by Hany M. Ibrahim in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Penglong HuangNational Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan; Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, Minufiya University, Sadat City, Egypt

Search for other papers by Penglong Huang in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Tarek A. SalemNational Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan; Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, Minufiya University, Sadat City, Egypt

Search for other papers by Tarek A. Salem in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Roba M. TalaatNational Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan; Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, Minufiya University, Sadat City, Egypt

Search for other papers by Roba M. Talaat in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Mahmoud I. NasrNational Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan; Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, Minufiya University, Sadat City, Egypt

Search for other papers by Mahmoud I. Nasr in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Xuenan XuanNational Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan; Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, Minufiya University, Sadat City, Egypt

Search for other papers by Xuenan Xuan in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Yoshifumi NishikawaNational Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan; Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, Minufiya University, Sadat City, Egypt

Search for other papers by Yoshifumi Nishikawa in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
View More View Less
Restricted access

In view of the worldwide importance of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum and the limited data on the seroprevalence of these parasites in Egypt, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of anti-T. gondii and anti-N. caninum antibodies in rabbits, cattle, and humans. We used ELISA methods based on surface antigen 2 of T. gondii (TgSAG2t) and surface antigen 1 of N. caninum (NcSAG1t). High seroprevalence of T. gondii (51.49%) was detected in pregnant women, and antibodies to N. caninum were also detected in human samples (7.92%). Anti-T. gondii or N. caninum antibodies were detected in cattle (TgSAG2t: 10.75%; NcSAG1t: 20.43%). In rabbits, only one sample was N. caninum positive (1.85%). The high prevalence of toxoplasmosis and neosporosis in cattle affects the development of the livestock industry and is also an important infective source for human infection in Egypt.

Save