Killick-Kendrick R, 1999. The biology and control of phlebotomine sand flies. Clin Dermatol 17 :279–289.
Munstermann LE, 2004. Phlebotomine sand flies, the Psychodidae. Marquardt WC, Black WC, Freier JE, Hagedorn HH, Hemingway J, Higgs S, James AA, Kondratieff B, Moore CG, eds. Biology of Disease Vectors. Second edition. San Diego, CA: Elsevier, 141–151.
Takaoka H, Gomez EA, Alexander JB, Hashiguchi Y, 1990. Natural infections with Leishmania promastigotes in Lutzomyia ayacuchensis (Diptera: Psychodidae) in an Andean focus of Ecuador. J Med Entomol 27 :701–702.
Hashiguchi Y, Gomez EA, de Coronel VV, Mimori T, Kawabata M, Furuya M, Nonaka S, Takaoka H, Alexander JB, Quizhpe AM, Grimaldi G Jr, Kreutzer RD, Tesh RB, 1991. Andean leishmaniasis in Ecuador caused by infection with Leishmania mexicana and L. major-like parasites. Am J Trop Med Hyg 44 :205–217.
Gomez EA, Hashiguchi Y, 1991. Monthly variation in natural infection of the sandfly Lutzomyia ayacuchensis with Leishmania mexicana in an endemic focus in the Ecuadorian Andes. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 85 :407–411.
Calvopiña M, Armijos RX, Hashiguchi Y, 2004. Epidemiology of leishmaniasis in Ecuador: current status of knowledge—a review. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 99 :663–672.
Davies CR, Reithinger R, Campbell-Lendrum D, Feliciangeli D, Borges R, Rodriguez N, 2000. The epidemiology and control of leishmaniasis in Andean countries. Cad Saude Publica 16 :925–950.
Perez JE, Villaseca P, Caceres A, Lopez M, Zolessi A, Campos M, Guerra H, Llanos-Cuentas A, 1991. Leishmania (Viannia) peruviana isolated from the sandfly Lutzomyia peruensis (Diptera: Psychodidae) and a sentinel hamster in the Huayllacallán Valley, Ancash, Peru. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 85 :60.
Perez JE, Ogusuku E, Inga R, Lopez M, Monje J, Paz L, Nieto E, Arevalo J, Guerra H, 1994. Natural Leishmania infection of Lutzomyia spp. in Peru. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 88 :161–164.
Perez JE, Veland N, Espinosa D, Torres K, Ogusuku E, Llanos-Cuentas A, Gamboa D, Arévalo J, 2007. Isolation and molecular identification of Leishmania (Viannia) peruviana from naturally infected Lutzomyia peruensis (Diptera: Psychodidae) in the Peruvian Andes. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 102 :655–658.
Dujardin JC, Llanos-Cuentas A, Caceres A, Arana M, Dujardin JP, Guerrini F, Gomez J, Arroyo J, De Doncker S, Jacquet D, Hamers R, Guerra H, Le Ray D, Arevalo J, 1993. Molecular karyotype variation in Leishmania (Viannia) peruviana: indication of geographical populations in Peru distributed along a north-south cline. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 87 :335–347.
Caceres AG, Villaseca P, Dujardin JC, Bañuls AL, Inga R, Lopez M, Arana M, Le Ray D, Arevalo J, 2004. Epidemiology of Andean cutaneous leishmaniasis: incrimination of Lutzomyia ayacuchensis (Diptera: psychodidae) as a vector of Leishmania in geographically isolated, upland valleys of Peru. Am J Trop Med Hyg 70 :607–612.
Kato H, Uezato H, Gomez EA, Terayama Y, Calvopiña M, Iwata H, Hashiguchi Y, 2007. Establishment of a mass screening method of sand fly vectors for Leishmania infection by molecular biological methods. Am J Trop Med Hyg 77 :324–329.
Terayama Y, Kato H, Gomez EAL, Uezato H, Calvopiña M, Iwata H, Hashiguchi Y, 2008. Molecular typing of sand fly species (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) from areas endemic for leishmaniasis in Ecuador by PCR-RFLP of 18S ribosomal RNA gene. J Vet Med Sci 70 :907–913.
Kato H, Uezato H, Katakura K, Calvopiña M, Marco JD, Barroso PA, Gomez EA, Mimori T, Korenaga M, Iwata H, Nonaka S, Hashiguchi Y, 2005. Detection and identification of Leishmania species within naturally infected sand flies in the Andean areas of Ecuador by a polymerase chain reaction. Am J Trop Med Hyg 72 :87–93.
Luyo-Acero G, Uezato H, Oshiro M, Kariya K, Katakura K, Gomez EAL, Hashiguchi Y, Nonaka S, 2004. Sequence variation of the cytochrome b gene of various human pathogenic members of the genus Leishmania: a new approach for their identification. Parasitology 128 :483–491.
Arana M, Evans DA, Zolessi A, Cuentas AL, Arevalo J, 1990. Biochemical characterization of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis and Leishmania (Viannia) peruviana by isoenzyme electrophoresis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 84 :526–529.
Zhang WW, Miranda-Verastegui C, Arevalo J, Ndao M, Ward B, Llanos-Cuentas A, Matlashewski G, 2006. Development of a genetic assay to distinguish between Leishmania viannia species on the basis of isoenzyme differences. Clin Infect Dis 42 :801–809.
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Sand flies from the Andean areas of Ecuador and Peru were examined for Leishmania infections by using our recently established molecular mass screening method. Leishmanial minicircle DNA-positive sand flies were detected in 3 of 192 and 1 of 462 samples from Ecuador and Peru, respectively. Sand fly species were identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) of the 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene, and the positive flies were Lutzomyia (Lu.) ayacuchensis and Lu. peruensis, respectively. Furthermore, cytochrome b and mannose-phosphate isomerase gene sequence analyses identified the parasites from Ecuador and Peru as Leishmania (Leishmania) mexicana and L. (Viannia) peruviana, respectively. Thus, the mass screening method was confirmed to be a powerful tool for sand fly research.
Killick-Kendrick R, 1999. The biology and control of phlebotomine sand flies. Clin Dermatol 17 :279–289.
Munstermann LE, 2004. Phlebotomine sand flies, the Psychodidae. Marquardt WC, Black WC, Freier JE, Hagedorn HH, Hemingway J, Higgs S, James AA, Kondratieff B, Moore CG, eds. Biology of Disease Vectors. Second edition. San Diego, CA: Elsevier, 141–151.
Takaoka H, Gomez EA, Alexander JB, Hashiguchi Y, 1990. Natural infections with Leishmania promastigotes in Lutzomyia ayacuchensis (Diptera: Psychodidae) in an Andean focus of Ecuador. J Med Entomol 27 :701–702.
Hashiguchi Y, Gomez EA, de Coronel VV, Mimori T, Kawabata M, Furuya M, Nonaka S, Takaoka H, Alexander JB, Quizhpe AM, Grimaldi G Jr, Kreutzer RD, Tesh RB, 1991. Andean leishmaniasis in Ecuador caused by infection with Leishmania mexicana and L. major-like parasites. Am J Trop Med Hyg 44 :205–217.
Gomez EA, Hashiguchi Y, 1991. Monthly variation in natural infection of the sandfly Lutzomyia ayacuchensis with Leishmania mexicana in an endemic focus in the Ecuadorian Andes. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 85 :407–411.
Calvopiña M, Armijos RX, Hashiguchi Y, 2004. Epidemiology of leishmaniasis in Ecuador: current status of knowledge—a review. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 99 :663–672.
Davies CR, Reithinger R, Campbell-Lendrum D, Feliciangeli D, Borges R, Rodriguez N, 2000. The epidemiology and control of leishmaniasis in Andean countries. Cad Saude Publica 16 :925–950.
Perez JE, Villaseca P, Caceres A, Lopez M, Zolessi A, Campos M, Guerra H, Llanos-Cuentas A, 1991. Leishmania (Viannia) peruviana isolated from the sandfly Lutzomyia peruensis (Diptera: Psychodidae) and a sentinel hamster in the Huayllacallán Valley, Ancash, Peru. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 85 :60.
Perez JE, Ogusuku E, Inga R, Lopez M, Monje J, Paz L, Nieto E, Arevalo J, Guerra H, 1994. Natural Leishmania infection of Lutzomyia spp. in Peru. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 88 :161–164.
Perez JE, Veland N, Espinosa D, Torres K, Ogusuku E, Llanos-Cuentas A, Gamboa D, Arévalo J, 2007. Isolation and molecular identification of Leishmania (Viannia) peruviana from naturally infected Lutzomyia peruensis (Diptera: Psychodidae) in the Peruvian Andes. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 102 :655–658.
Dujardin JC, Llanos-Cuentas A, Caceres A, Arana M, Dujardin JP, Guerrini F, Gomez J, Arroyo J, De Doncker S, Jacquet D, Hamers R, Guerra H, Le Ray D, Arevalo J, 1993. Molecular karyotype variation in Leishmania (Viannia) peruviana: indication of geographical populations in Peru distributed along a north-south cline. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 87 :335–347.
Caceres AG, Villaseca P, Dujardin JC, Bañuls AL, Inga R, Lopez M, Arana M, Le Ray D, Arevalo J, 2004. Epidemiology of Andean cutaneous leishmaniasis: incrimination of Lutzomyia ayacuchensis (Diptera: psychodidae) as a vector of Leishmania in geographically isolated, upland valleys of Peru. Am J Trop Med Hyg 70 :607–612.
Kato H, Uezato H, Gomez EA, Terayama Y, Calvopiña M, Iwata H, Hashiguchi Y, 2007. Establishment of a mass screening method of sand fly vectors for Leishmania infection by molecular biological methods. Am J Trop Med Hyg 77 :324–329.
Terayama Y, Kato H, Gomez EAL, Uezato H, Calvopiña M, Iwata H, Hashiguchi Y, 2008. Molecular typing of sand fly species (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) from areas endemic for leishmaniasis in Ecuador by PCR-RFLP of 18S ribosomal RNA gene. J Vet Med Sci 70 :907–913.
Kato H, Uezato H, Katakura K, Calvopiña M, Marco JD, Barroso PA, Gomez EA, Mimori T, Korenaga M, Iwata H, Nonaka S, Hashiguchi Y, 2005. Detection and identification of Leishmania species within naturally infected sand flies in the Andean areas of Ecuador by a polymerase chain reaction. Am J Trop Med Hyg 72 :87–93.
Luyo-Acero G, Uezato H, Oshiro M, Kariya K, Katakura K, Gomez EAL, Hashiguchi Y, Nonaka S, 2004. Sequence variation of the cytochrome b gene of various human pathogenic members of the genus Leishmania: a new approach for their identification. Parasitology 128 :483–491.
Arana M, Evans DA, Zolessi A, Cuentas AL, Arevalo J, 1990. Biochemical characterization of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis and Leishmania (Viannia) peruviana by isoenzyme electrophoresis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 84 :526–529.
Zhang WW, Miranda-Verastegui C, Arevalo J, Ndao M, Ward B, Llanos-Cuentas A, Matlashewski G, 2006. Development of a genetic assay to distinguish between Leishmania viannia species on the basis of isoenzyme differences. Clin Infect Dis 42 :801–809.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 855 | 768 | 229 |
Full Text Views | 307 | 10 | 0 |
PDF Downloads | 88 | 8 | 0 |