Feldmeier H, Poggensee G, Krantz I, 1998. Puberty and age intensity profiles in schistosome infections: another hypothesis. Parasitol Today 14 :435.
Gelfand M, Ross CM, Blair DM, Castle WM, Weber MC, 1970. Schistosomiasis of the male pelvic organs. Severity of infection as determined by digestion of tissue and histologic methods in 300 cadavers. Am J Trop Med Hyg 19 :779–784.
Edington GM, Nwabuebo I, Junaid TA, 1975. The pathology of schistosomiasis in Ibadan, Nigeria with special reference to the appendix, brain, pancreas and genital organs. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 69 :153–156.
Patil PS, Elem B, 1988. Schistosomiasis of the prostate and the seminal vesicles: observations in Zambia. J Trop Med Hyg 91 :245–248.
Gelfand M, Ross MD, Blair DM, Weber MC, 1971. Distribution and extent of schistosomiasis in female pelvic organs, with special reference to the genital tract, as determined by autopsy. Am J Trop Med Hyg 20 :846–849.
Leutscher PDC, Pedersen M, Raharisolo C, Jensen JS, Hoffmann S, Lisse I, Ostrowski SR, Reimert CM, Mauclere P, Ullum H, 2005. Increased prevalence of leucocytes and elevated cytokine levels in semen from Schistosoma haematobium-infected individuals. J Infect Dis 191 :1639–1647.
Feldmeier H, Krantz I, Poggensee G, 1994. Female genital schistosomiasis as a risk-factor for the transmission of HIV. Int J STD AIDS 5 :368–372.
Poggensee G, Kiwelu I, Saria M, Richter J, Krantz I, Feldmeier H, 1998. Schistosomiasis of the lower reproductive tract without egg excretion in urine. Am J Trop Med Hyg 59 :782–783.
Reimert CM, Ouma JH, Mwanje MT, Magak P, Poulsen LK, Vennervald BJ, Christensen NO, Kharazmi A, Bendtzen K, 1993. Indirect assessment of eosinophiluria in urinary schistosomiasis using eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and eosinophil protein X (EPX). Acta Trop 54 :1–12.
Reimert CM, Mshinda HM, Hatz CF, Kombe Y, Nkulila T, Poulsen LK, Christensen NO, Vennervald BJ, 2000. Quantitative assessment of eosinophiluria in Schistosoma haematobium infections: a new marker of infection and bladder morbidity. Am J Trop Med Hyg 62 :19–28.
Leutscher P, Reimert DM, Vennervald BJ, Ravaoalimalala VE, Ramarokoto CE, Serieye J, Raobelison A, Rasendramino M, Christensen NO, Esterre P, 2000. Morbidity assessment in urinary schistosomiasis infection through ultrasonography and measurement of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) in urine. Trop Med Int Health 5 :88–93.
Poggensee G, Reimert CM, Nilson LA, Jamaly S, Sjastad A, Roald B, Kjetland EF, Helling-Giese G, Richter J, Chitsulo L, Kumwenda N, Gundersen SG, Krantz I, Feldmeier H, 1996. Diagnosis of female genital schistosomiasis by indirect disease markers: determination of eosinophil cationic protein, neopterin and IgA in vaginal fluid and swab eluates. Acta Trop 62 :269–280.
Leutscher P, Ramarokoto CE, Reimert CM, Feldmeier H, Esterre P, Vennervald BJ, 2000. Community-based study of genital schistosomiasis in men from Madagascar. Lancet 355 :117–118.
Midzi N, Ndhlovu PD, Nyanga L, Kjetland EF, Reimert CM, Vennervald BJ, Gomo E, Mudenge G, Friis H, Gundersen SG, Mduluza T, 2003. Assessment of eosinophil cationic protein as a possible diagnostic marker for female genital schistosomiasis in women living in a Schistosoma haematobium endemic area. Parasite Immunol 25 :581–588.
de Clercq D, Sacko M, Vercruysse J, Diarra A, Landoure A, van den Bussche V, Gryssels B, Deelder A, 1995. Comparison of the circulating anodic antigen detection assay and urine filtration to diagnose Schistosoma haematobium infections in Mali. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 89 :395–397.
Ndhlovu P, Cadman H, Gundersen S, Vennervald BJ, Friis H, Christensen NO, Mutasa G, Kaondera K, Mandaza G, Deelder AM, 1996. Circulating anodic antigen (CAA) levels in different age groups in a Zimbabwean rural community endemic for Schistosoma haematobium determined using the magnetic beads antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunoassay. Am J Trop Med Hyg 54 :537–542.
Al-Sherbiny MM, Osman AM, Hancock K, Deelder AM, Tsang VC, 1999. Application of immunodiagnostic assays: detection of antibodies and circulating antigens in human schistosomiasis and correlation with clinical findings. Am J Trop Med Hyg 60 :960–966.
Kahama AI, Kresmer PG, van Dam GJ, Deelder AM, 1998. The dynamics of a soluble egg antigen of Schistosoma haematobium in relation to egg counts, circulating anodic and cathodic antigens and pathology markers before and after chemotherapy. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 92 :629–633.
Reimert CM, Venge P, Kharazmi A, Bendtzen K, 1991. Detection of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. J Immunol Methods 138 :285–290.
Kahama AI, Odek AE, Kihara RW, Vennervald BJ, Kombe Y, Nkulila T, Hatz CF, Ouma JH, Deelder AM, 1999. Urine circulating soluble egg antigen in relation to egg counts, hematuria, and urinary tract pathology before and after treatment in children infected with Schistosoma haematobium in Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 61 :215–219.
Polman K, Diakhate MM, Engels D, Nahimana S, van Dam GJ, Falcao S, Ferreira T, Deelder AM, Gryseels B, 2000. Specificity of circulating antigen detection for schistosomiasis mansoni in Senegal and Burundi. Trop Med Int Health 5 :534–537.
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Markers of male genital schistosomiasis (MGS) are needed to elucidate the consequences for reproductive health. Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and soluble egg antigen (SEA) in urine and semen, and circulating anodic antigen (CAA) in serum were assessed as MGS markers. Egg counts, ECP, and SEA in urine and CAA in serum, correlated positively. Seminal egg excretion exhibited marked day-to-day variations, but counts correlated positively with urinary egg counts and SEA in semen and with CAA. Positive predictive values with reference to seminal egg excretion were as follows: seminal ECP (52%), seminal SEA (83%), CAA (97%), and urinary egg excretion (82%). SEA in semen and CAA in serum constitute potential markers of MGS. However, urine egg counts as an indirect marker of MGS remains the preferred diagnostic method from a public health perspective.
Feldmeier H, Poggensee G, Krantz I, 1998. Puberty and age intensity profiles in schistosome infections: another hypothesis. Parasitol Today 14 :435.
Gelfand M, Ross CM, Blair DM, Castle WM, Weber MC, 1970. Schistosomiasis of the male pelvic organs. Severity of infection as determined by digestion of tissue and histologic methods in 300 cadavers. Am J Trop Med Hyg 19 :779–784.
Edington GM, Nwabuebo I, Junaid TA, 1975. The pathology of schistosomiasis in Ibadan, Nigeria with special reference to the appendix, brain, pancreas and genital organs. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 69 :153–156.
Patil PS, Elem B, 1988. Schistosomiasis of the prostate and the seminal vesicles: observations in Zambia. J Trop Med Hyg 91 :245–248.
Gelfand M, Ross MD, Blair DM, Weber MC, 1971. Distribution and extent of schistosomiasis in female pelvic organs, with special reference to the genital tract, as determined by autopsy. Am J Trop Med Hyg 20 :846–849.
Leutscher PDC, Pedersen M, Raharisolo C, Jensen JS, Hoffmann S, Lisse I, Ostrowski SR, Reimert CM, Mauclere P, Ullum H, 2005. Increased prevalence of leucocytes and elevated cytokine levels in semen from Schistosoma haematobium-infected individuals. J Infect Dis 191 :1639–1647.
Feldmeier H, Krantz I, Poggensee G, 1994. Female genital schistosomiasis as a risk-factor for the transmission of HIV. Int J STD AIDS 5 :368–372.
Poggensee G, Kiwelu I, Saria M, Richter J, Krantz I, Feldmeier H, 1998. Schistosomiasis of the lower reproductive tract without egg excretion in urine. Am J Trop Med Hyg 59 :782–783.
Reimert CM, Ouma JH, Mwanje MT, Magak P, Poulsen LK, Vennervald BJ, Christensen NO, Kharazmi A, Bendtzen K, 1993. Indirect assessment of eosinophiluria in urinary schistosomiasis using eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and eosinophil protein X (EPX). Acta Trop 54 :1–12.
Reimert CM, Mshinda HM, Hatz CF, Kombe Y, Nkulila T, Poulsen LK, Christensen NO, Vennervald BJ, 2000. Quantitative assessment of eosinophiluria in Schistosoma haematobium infections: a new marker of infection and bladder morbidity. Am J Trop Med Hyg 62 :19–28.
Leutscher P, Reimert DM, Vennervald BJ, Ravaoalimalala VE, Ramarokoto CE, Serieye J, Raobelison A, Rasendramino M, Christensen NO, Esterre P, 2000. Morbidity assessment in urinary schistosomiasis infection through ultrasonography and measurement of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) in urine. Trop Med Int Health 5 :88–93.
Poggensee G, Reimert CM, Nilson LA, Jamaly S, Sjastad A, Roald B, Kjetland EF, Helling-Giese G, Richter J, Chitsulo L, Kumwenda N, Gundersen SG, Krantz I, Feldmeier H, 1996. Diagnosis of female genital schistosomiasis by indirect disease markers: determination of eosinophil cationic protein, neopterin and IgA in vaginal fluid and swab eluates. Acta Trop 62 :269–280.
Leutscher P, Ramarokoto CE, Reimert CM, Feldmeier H, Esterre P, Vennervald BJ, 2000. Community-based study of genital schistosomiasis in men from Madagascar. Lancet 355 :117–118.
Midzi N, Ndhlovu PD, Nyanga L, Kjetland EF, Reimert CM, Vennervald BJ, Gomo E, Mudenge G, Friis H, Gundersen SG, Mduluza T, 2003. Assessment of eosinophil cationic protein as a possible diagnostic marker for female genital schistosomiasis in women living in a Schistosoma haematobium endemic area. Parasite Immunol 25 :581–588.
de Clercq D, Sacko M, Vercruysse J, Diarra A, Landoure A, van den Bussche V, Gryssels B, Deelder A, 1995. Comparison of the circulating anodic antigen detection assay and urine filtration to diagnose Schistosoma haematobium infections in Mali. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 89 :395–397.
Ndhlovu P, Cadman H, Gundersen S, Vennervald BJ, Friis H, Christensen NO, Mutasa G, Kaondera K, Mandaza G, Deelder AM, 1996. Circulating anodic antigen (CAA) levels in different age groups in a Zimbabwean rural community endemic for Schistosoma haematobium determined using the magnetic beads antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunoassay. Am J Trop Med Hyg 54 :537–542.
Al-Sherbiny MM, Osman AM, Hancock K, Deelder AM, Tsang VC, 1999. Application of immunodiagnostic assays: detection of antibodies and circulating antigens in human schistosomiasis and correlation with clinical findings. Am J Trop Med Hyg 60 :960–966.
Kahama AI, Kresmer PG, van Dam GJ, Deelder AM, 1998. The dynamics of a soluble egg antigen of Schistosoma haematobium in relation to egg counts, circulating anodic and cathodic antigens and pathology markers before and after chemotherapy. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 92 :629–633.
Reimert CM, Venge P, Kharazmi A, Bendtzen K, 1991. Detection of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. J Immunol Methods 138 :285–290.
Kahama AI, Odek AE, Kihara RW, Vennervald BJ, Kombe Y, Nkulila T, Hatz CF, Ouma JH, Deelder AM, 1999. Urine circulating soluble egg antigen in relation to egg counts, hematuria, and urinary tract pathology before and after treatment in children infected with Schistosoma haematobium in Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 61 :215–219.
Polman K, Diakhate MM, Engels D, Nahimana S, van Dam GJ, Falcao S, Ferreira T, Deelder AM, Gryseels B, 2000. Specificity of circulating antigen detection for schistosomiasis mansoni in Senegal and Burundi. Trop Med Int Health 5 :534–537.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 390 | 331 | 96 |
Full Text Views | 227 | 7 | 0 |
PDF Downloads | 49 | 10 | 0 |