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1
Gorgas W, 1905. Sanitary Conditions in Panama. Report written at the request of the Smithsonian Institute. Available at: http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/etcbin/ot2www-fever?specfile=/web/data/newreed/reed.o2w&act=surround&offset=31461673&tag=Report:+Sanitary+Conditions+in+Panama,+by+William+Crawford+Gorgas,+February+10,+1905+[02746001]&query=Sanitary+condition. Accessed July 16, 2008.
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2
Gorgas W, 1908. Method of the Spread of Yellow Fever. Available at: http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/etcbin/ot2www-fever?specfile=/web/data/newreed/reed.o2w&act=surround&offset=32914114&tag=Report:+Method+of+the+Spread+of+Yellow+Fever,+by+William+Crawford+Gorgas,+April+15,+1908+[02936001]&query=Report:+Method+of+the+Spread+of+Yellow+Fever. Accessed July 16, 2008. Panama: Canal Zone Medical Association.
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3
Schneider J, Droll D, 2001. A Timeline for Dengue in the Americas to December 31, 2000 and Noted First Occurrences. Division of Disease Prevention and Control. Washington DC: Pan American Health Organization (PAHO).
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4
Dutary BE, Rozette JE, Campos C, 1989. Current situation of the Aedes aegypti mosquito in the metropolitan area of Panama city. Rev Med Panama 14 :67ā78.
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5
Quiroz EOM, Guzman MG, Vazquez S, Pelegrino JL, Campos C, Bayard V, Vazquez M, Kouri G, Ortega M, Guzman M, Vazquez S, Pelegrino J, Campos C, Bayard V, Vazquez M, Kouri G, 1997. Dengue in PanamaĢ, 1993. Rev Cubana Med Trop 49 :86ā93.
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6
Bayard V, Quiroz E, Mojica J, 1996. Re-emergence of dengue in Panama. Rev Med Panama 21 :85ā92.
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7
Vigilancia Epidemiologica (VIGEPI), 2006. SituacioĢn EpidemioloĢgica del Dengue en PanamaĢ, anĢo 2005. PanamaĢ City: Ministerio de Salud (MINSA), Circular 030/DE.
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8
Shepard DS, Suaya JA, Armien B, Caram M, Castillo L, Chantha N, Garrido F, Kongsin S, Lum L, Montoya R, Sah BK, Siqueira JB, Sughayyar R, Tyo K, 2007. Utilization of medical services and quality of life among dengue patients in eight endemic countries [Abstract 764]. American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, PA. November 2007.
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9
Suaya JA, Shepard DS, Armien B, Caram M, Castillo L, Chantha N, Garrido F, Kongsin S, Lum L, Montoya R, Sah BK, Siqueira JB, Sughayyar R, Tyo K, 2007. Multi-country study of costs of dengue among ambulatory and hospitalized patients [Abstract 28]. American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, PA. November 2007.
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10
World Health Organization (WHO), 2002. World Health Survey Instruments and Related Documents. Geneva: World Health Organization.
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11
EuroQol Group, 1990. EuroQol-A new facility for the measurement of health-related quality of life. Health Policy (New York) 16 :199ā208.
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12
Shepard DS, Hodgkin D, Anthony Y, 2000. Analysis of Hospital Costs: A Manual for Managers. Geneva: World Health Organization.
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13
The World Bank Group, 2005. EDSTATS.
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14
Economic Research Institute, 2008. HR Tax Codes and Laws. Available at: http://www.erieri.co.uk/freedata/HRCodes/. Accessed July 16, 2008.
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15
International Labour Organization, 2008. Minimum wages database. Available at: http://www.ilo.org/travaildatabase/servlet/minimumwages. Accessed July 16, 2008.
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16
World Health Organization (WHO), 2008. Life tables for WHO member states for year 2005. Available at: http://www.who.int/whosis/database/life_tables/life_tables.cfm. Accessed July 16, 2008. Geneva: World Health Organization.
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17
Suaya JA, Shepard DS, Beatty ME, 2007. Dengue Burden of Disease and Cost of Illness. Scientific Working Group: Report on Dengue. Geneva: World Health Organization on behalf of the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases, TDR/SWG/08.
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18
Halstead SB, Suaya JA, Shepard DS, 2007. The burden of dengue infection. Lancet 369 :1410ā1411.
-
19
Meltzer MI, Rigau-PeĢrez JG, Clark GG, Reiter P, Gubler DJ, 1998. Using disability-adjusted life years to assess the economic impact of dengue in Puerto Rico: 1984ā1994. Am J Trop Med Hyg 59 :265ā271.
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20
Gubler D, 1998. Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever. Clin Microbiol Rev 11 :480ā496.
-
21
Guglani L, Kabra S, 2005. Cell immunopathogenesis of dengue virus infection. Dengue Bull. 29 :58ā69.
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22
Harris E, Videa E, Perez L, Sandoval E, Tellez Y, Perez M, Cuadra R, Rocha J, Idiaquez W, Alonso R, Delgado M, Campo L, Acevedo F, Gonzalez A, Amador J, Balmaseda A, 2000. Clinical, epidemiologic, and virologic features of dengue in the 1998 epidemic in Nicaragua. Am J Trop Med Hyg 63 :5ā11.
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23
Guha-Sapir D, Schimmer B, 2005. Dengue fever: new paradigms for a changing epidemiology. Emerg Themes Epidemiol 2 :1ā10.
-
24
Dietz V, Gubler D, Rigau-Perez J, Pinheiro F, Schatzmayr H, Bailey R, Gunn R, 1990. Epidemic dengue 1 in Brazil, 1986: evaluation of a clinically based dengue surveillance system. Am J Epidemiol 131 :693ā701.
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25
Clark D, Mammen M, Nisalak A, Puthimethee V, Endy T, 2005. Economic impact of dengue fever/dengue hemorrhagic fever in Thailand at the family and population levels. Am J Trop Med Hyg 72 :786ā791.
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26
Shepard DS, Suaya JA, Halstead SB, Nathan MB, Gubler DJ, Mahoney RT, Wang DNC, Meltzer MI, 2004. Cost-effectiveness of a pediatric dengue vaccine. Vaccine 22 :1275ā1280.
-
27
Suaya JA, Shepard DS, Chang MS, Caram M, Hoyer S, Socheat D, Chantha N, Nathan MB, 2007. Cost-effectiveness of annual targeted larviciding campaigns in Cambodia against the dengue vector Aedes aegypti. Trop Med Int Health 12 :1026ā1036.
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28
Von Allmen S, Lopez-Correa R, Woodall J, Morens D, Chiriboga J, Casta-Velez A, 1979. Epidemic dengue fever in Puerto Rico, 1977: a cost analysis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 28 :1040ā1044.
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29
Kouri GP, GuzmaĢn MG, Bravo JR, Triana C, 1989. Dengue haemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome: lessons from the Cuban epidemic, 1981. Bull World Health Organ 67 :375ā380.
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30
Valdes LG, Mizhrahi JV, Guzman MG, 2002. Economic impact of dengue 2 epidemic in Santiago de Cuba, 1997. Rev Cubana Med Trop 54 :220ā227.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 42 | 42 | 4 |
| Full Text Views | 270 | 79 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 94 | 20 | 0 |
Clinical Characteristics and National Economic Cost of the 2005 Dengue Epidemic in Panama
Blas Armien
Blas Armien
Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudio de la Salud, PanamaĢ; Schneider Institutes for Health Policy, Heller School, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts; Ministerio de Salud de PanamaĢ
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Jose A. Suaya
Jose A. Suaya
Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudio de la Salud, PanamaĢ; Schneider Institutes for Health Policy, Heller School, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts; Ministerio de Salud de PanamaĢ
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Evelia Quiroz
Evelia Quiroz
Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudio de la Salud, PanamaĢ; Schneider Institutes for Health Policy, Heller School, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts; Ministerio de Salud de PanamaĢ
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Binod K. Sah
Binod K. Sah
Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudio de la Salud, PanamaĢ; Schneider Institutes for Health Policy, Heller School, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts; Ministerio de Salud de PanamaĢ
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Vicente Bayard
Vicente Bayard
Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudio de la Salud, PanamaĢ; Schneider Institutes for Health Policy, Heller School, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts; Ministerio de Salud de PanamaĢ
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Loyd Marchena
Loyd Marchena
Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudio de la Salud, PanamaĢ; Schneider Institutes for Health Policy, Heller School, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts; Ministerio de Salud de PanamaĢ
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Cornelio Campos
Cornelio Campos
Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudio de la Salud, PanamaĢ; Schneider Institutes for Health Policy, Heller School, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts; Ministerio de Salud de PanamaĢ
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Donald S. Shepard
Donald S. Shepard
Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudio de la Salud, PanamaĢ; Schneider Institutes for Health Policy, Heller School, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts; Ministerio de Salud de PanamaĢ
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In 2005, Panama experienced the largest dengue epidemic since 1993. We conducted both a prospective clinical and a national economic study. The full cost analysis measured costs of dengue cases and of dengue control efforts in the entire country. Costs are in 2005 US$. Ambulatory patients were 130 of the 136 participants, with 82% adults (18+) and 62% women. Duration of fever and illness averaged 6.1 (standard deviation [SD], 5.3) and 21.2 (SD 13.5) days, respectively. Loss in quality of life averaged 67% (SD 21) during the worst days of illness. An average ambulatory and hospitalized case cost $332 and $1,065, respectively. Although 5,489 cases were officially reported, the Ministry of Health (MOH) estimated 32,900 actual cases, implying a total cost of $11.8 million. Additionally, estimated government spending on dengue control efforts was $5 million. This dengue epidemic had a major disease impact and an economic cost of $16.9 million ($5.22 per capita).
ProCite
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-
1
Gorgas W, 1905. Sanitary Conditions in Panama. Report written at the request of the Smithsonian Institute. Available at: http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/etcbin/ot2www-fever?specfile=/web/data/newreed/reed.o2w&act=surround&offset=31461673&tag=Report:+Sanitary+Conditions+in+Panama,+by+William+Crawford+Gorgas,+February+10,+1905+[02746001]&query=Sanitary+condition. Accessed July 16, 2008.
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2
Gorgas W, 1908. Method of the Spread of Yellow Fever. Available at: http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/etcbin/ot2www-fever?specfile=/web/data/newreed/reed.o2w&act=surround&offset=32914114&tag=Report:+Method+of+the+Spread+of+Yellow+Fever,+by+William+Crawford+Gorgas,+April+15,+1908+[02936001]&query=Report:+Method+of+the+Spread+of+Yellow+Fever. Accessed July 16, 2008. Panama: Canal Zone Medical Association.
-
3
Schneider J, Droll D, 2001. A Timeline for Dengue in the Americas to December 31, 2000 and Noted First Occurrences. Division of Disease Prevention and Control. Washington DC: Pan American Health Organization (PAHO).
-
4
Dutary BE, Rozette JE, Campos C, 1989. Current situation of the Aedes aegypti mosquito in the metropolitan area of Panama city. Rev Med Panama 14 :67ā78.
-
5
Quiroz EOM, Guzman MG, Vazquez S, Pelegrino JL, Campos C, Bayard V, Vazquez M, Kouri G, Ortega M, Guzman M, Vazquez S, Pelegrino J, Campos C, Bayard V, Vazquez M, Kouri G, 1997. Dengue in PanamaĢ, 1993. Rev Cubana Med Trop 49 :86ā93.
-
6
Bayard V, Quiroz E, Mojica J, 1996. Re-emergence of dengue in Panama. Rev Med Panama 21 :85ā92.
-
7
Vigilancia Epidemiologica (VIGEPI), 2006. SituacioĢn EpidemioloĢgica del Dengue en PanamaĢ, anĢo 2005. PanamaĢ City: Ministerio de Salud (MINSA), Circular 030/DE.
-
8
Shepard DS, Suaya JA, Armien B, Caram M, Castillo L, Chantha N, Garrido F, Kongsin S, Lum L, Montoya R, Sah BK, Siqueira JB, Sughayyar R, Tyo K, 2007. Utilization of medical services and quality of life among dengue patients in eight endemic countries [Abstract 764]. American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, PA. November 2007.
-
9
Suaya JA, Shepard DS, Armien B, Caram M, Castillo L, Chantha N, Garrido F, Kongsin S, Lum L, Montoya R, Sah BK, Siqueira JB, Sughayyar R, Tyo K, 2007. Multi-country study of costs of dengue among ambulatory and hospitalized patients [Abstract 28]. American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, PA. November 2007.
-
10
World Health Organization (WHO), 2002. World Health Survey Instruments and Related Documents. Geneva: World Health Organization.
-
11
EuroQol Group, 1990. EuroQol-A new facility for the measurement of health-related quality of life. Health Policy (New York) 16 :199ā208.
-
12
Shepard DS, Hodgkin D, Anthony Y, 2000. Analysis of Hospital Costs: A Manual for Managers. Geneva: World Health Organization.
-
13
The World Bank Group, 2005. EDSTATS.
-
14
Economic Research Institute, 2008. HR Tax Codes and Laws. Available at: http://www.erieri.co.uk/freedata/HRCodes/. Accessed July 16, 2008.
-
15
International Labour Organization, 2008. Minimum wages database. Available at: http://www.ilo.org/travaildatabase/servlet/minimumwages. Accessed July 16, 2008.
-
16
World Health Organization (WHO), 2008. Life tables for WHO member states for year 2005. Available at: http://www.who.int/whosis/database/life_tables/life_tables.cfm. Accessed July 16, 2008. Geneva: World Health Organization.
-
17
Suaya JA, Shepard DS, Beatty ME, 2007. Dengue Burden of Disease and Cost of Illness. Scientific Working Group: Report on Dengue. Geneva: World Health Organization on behalf of the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases, TDR/SWG/08.
-
18
Halstead SB, Suaya JA, Shepard DS, 2007. The burden of dengue infection. Lancet 369 :1410ā1411.
-
19
Meltzer MI, Rigau-PeĢrez JG, Clark GG, Reiter P, Gubler DJ, 1998. Using disability-adjusted life years to assess the economic impact of dengue in Puerto Rico: 1984ā1994. Am J Trop Med Hyg 59 :265ā271.
-
20
Gubler D, 1998. Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever. Clin Microbiol Rev 11 :480ā496.
-
21
Guglani L, Kabra S, 2005. Cell immunopathogenesis of dengue virus infection. Dengue Bull. 29 :58ā69.
-
22
Harris E, Videa E, Perez L, Sandoval E, Tellez Y, Perez M, Cuadra R, Rocha J, Idiaquez W, Alonso R, Delgado M, Campo L, Acevedo F, Gonzalez A, Amador J, Balmaseda A, 2000. Clinical, epidemiologic, and virologic features of dengue in the 1998 epidemic in Nicaragua. Am J Trop Med Hyg 63 :5ā11.
-
23
Guha-Sapir D, Schimmer B, 2005. Dengue fever: new paradigms for a changing epidemiology. Emerg Themes Epidemiol 2 :1ā10.
-
24
Dietz V, Gubler D, Rigau-Perez J, Pinheiro F, Schatzmayr H, Bailey R, Gunn R, 1990. Epidemic dengue 1 in Brazil, 1986: evaluation of a clinically based dengue surveillance system. Am J Epidemiol 131 :693ā701.
-
25
Clark D, Mammen M, Nisalak A, Puthimethee V, Endy T, 2005. Economic impact of dengue fever/dengue hemorrhagic fever in Thailand at the family and population levels. Am J Trop Med Hyg 72 :786ā791.
-
26
Shepard DS, Suaya JA, Halstead SB, Nathan MB, Gubler DJ, Mahoney RT, Wang DNC, Meltzer MI, 2004. Cost-effectiveness of a pediatric dengue vaccine. Vaccine 22 :1275ā1280.
-
27
Suaya JA, Shepard DS, Chang MS, Caram M, Hoyer S, Socheat D, Chantha N, Nathan MB, 2007. Cost-effectiveness of annual targeted larviciding campaigns in Cambodia against the dengue vector Aedes aegypti. Trop Med Int Health 12 :1026ā1036.
-
28
Von Allmen S, Lopez-Correa R, Woodall J, Morens D, Chiriboga J, Casta-Velez A, 1979. Epidemic dengue fever in Puerto Rico, 1977: a cost analysis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 28 :1040ā1044.
-
29
Kouri GP, GuzmaĢn MG, Bravo JR, Triana C, 1989. Dengue haemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome: lessons from the Cuban epidemic, 1981. Bull World Health Organ 67 :375ā380.
-
30
Valdes LG, Mizhrahi JV, Guzman MG, 2002. Economic impact of dengue 2 epidemic in Santiago de Cuba, 1997. Rev Cubana Med Trop 54 :220ā227.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 42 | 42 | 4 |
| Full Text Views | 270 | 79 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 94 | 20 | 0 |