Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative. Available at: http://www.dndi.org/. Accessed March 30, 2008.
Budke CM, 2006. Global socioeconomic impact of cystic echinococcosis. Emerg Infect Dis 12 :296ā303.
Kish MA, 2001. Guide to development of practice guidelines. Clin Infect Dis 32 :851ā854.
Gharbi HA, Hassine W, Brauner MW, Dupuch K, 1981. Ultrasound examination of the hydatic liver. Radiology 139 :459ā463.
Caremani M, Benci A, Maestrini R, Accorsi A, Caremani D, Lapini L, 1997. Ultrasound imaging in cystic echinococcosis. Proposal of a new sonographic classification. Acta Trop 67 :91ā105.
WHO Informal Working Group on Echinococcosis, 2003. International classification of ultrasound images in cystic echinococcosis for application in clinical and field epidemiological settings. Acta Trop 85 :253ā261.
Wang Y, Zhang X, Bartholomot B, Liu B, Luo J, Li T, Wen X, Zheng H, Zhou H, Wen H, Davaadori N, Gambolt L, Mukhar T, al-Qaoud K, Abdel-Hafez S, Giraudoux P, Vuitton DA, Fraser A, Rogan MT, Craig PS, 2003. Classification, follow-up and recurrence of hepatic cystic echinococcosis using ultrasound images. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 97 :203ā211.
Hosch W, Stojkovic M, Janisch T, Kauffmann GW, Junghanss T, 2007. The role of calcification for staging cystic echinococcosis (CE). Eur Radiol 17 :2538ā2545.
Taylor BR, Langer B, 1997. Current surgical management of hepatic cyst disease. Adv Surg 31 :127ā148.
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Clinical management of cystic echinococcosis (CE) has evolved over decades without adequate evaluation of important features such as efficacy, effectiveness, rate of adverse reactions, relapse rate, and cost. CE occurs in health care environments as different as Europe/North America and resource-poor countries of the South and the East. This creates setting-specific problems in the management of patients. Furthermore, studies carried out in either of the two fundamentally different environments lack external validity, i.e., results obtained in one setting may be different from those in the other and practices that can work in one may not be applicable to the other. In this paper, we review the current management procedures of CE with particular emphasis on the evidence base and setting-specific problems.
Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative. Available at: http://www.dndi.org/. Accessed March 30, 2008.
Budke CM, 2006. Global socioeconomic impact of cystic echinococcosis. Emerg Infect Dis 12 :296ā303.
Kish MA, 2001. Guide to development of practice guidelines. Clin Infect Dis 32 :851ā854.
Gharbi HA, Hassine W, Brauner MW, Dupuch K, 1981. Ultrasound examination of the hydatic liver. Radiology 139 :459ā463.
Caremani M, Benci A, Maestrini R, Accorsi A, Caremani D, Lapini L, 1997. Ultrasound imaging in cystic echinococcosis. Proposal of a new sonographic classification. Acta Trop 67 :91ā105.
WHO Informal Working Group on Echinococcosis, 2003. International classification of ultrasound images in cystic echinococcosis for application in clinical and field epidemiological settings. Acta Trop 85 :253ā261.
Wang Y, Zhang X, Bartholomot B, Liu B, Luo J, Li T, Wen X, Zheng H, Zhou H, Wen H, Davaadori N, Gambolt L, Mukhar T, al-Qaoud K, Abdel-Hafez S, Giraudoux P, Vuitton DA, Fraser A, Rogan MT, Craig PS, 2003. Classification, follow-up and recurrence of hepatic cystic echinococcosis using ultrasound images. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 97 :203ā211.
Hosch W, Stojkovic M, Janisch T, Kauffmann GW, Junghanss T, 2007. The role of calcification for staging cystic echinococcosis (CE). Eur Radiol 17 :2538ā2545.
Taylor BR, Langer B, 1997. Current surgical management of hepatic cyst disease. Adv Surg 31 :127ā148.
Daradkeh S, El-Muhtaseb H, Farah G, Sroujieh AS, Abu-Khalaf M, 2007. Predictors of morbidity and mortality in the surgical management of hydatid cyst of the liver. Langenbecks Arch Surg 392 :35ā39.
Demirci S, Eraslan S, Anadol E, Bozatli L, 1989. Comparison of the results of different surgical techniques in the management of hydatid cysts of the liver. World J Surg 13 :88ā90.
Dogan R, Yuksel M, Cetin G, Suzer K, Alp M, Kaya S, Unlu M, Moldibi B, 1989. Surgical treatment of hydatid cysts of the lung: report on 1055 patients. Thorax 44 :192ā199.
Ramos G, Orduna A, Garcia-Yuste M, 2001. Hydatid cyst of the lung: diagnosis and treatment. World J Surg 25 :46ā57.
Isitmangil T, Sebit S, Tunc H, Gorur R, Erdik O, Kunter E, Toker A, Balkanli K, Ozturk OY, 2002. Clinical experience of surgical therapy in 207 patients with thoracic hydatidosis over a 12-year-period. Swiss Med Wkly 132 :548ā552.
Little JM, Hollands MJ, Ekberg H, 1988. Recurrence of hydatid disease. World J Surg 12 :700ā704.
Mawhorter S, Temeck B, Chang R, Pass H, Nash T, 1997. Non-surgical therapy for pulmonary hydatid cyst disease. Chest 112 :1432ā1436.
Qian ZX, 1988. Thoracic hydatid cysts: a report of 842 cases treated over a thirty- year period. Ann Thorac Surg 46 :342ā346.
Thameur H, Chenik S, Abdelmoulah S, Bey M, Hachicha S, Chemingui M, Mestiri T, Chaouch H, 2000. Thoracic hydatidosis. A review of 1619 cases. Rev Pneumol Clin 56 :7ā15.
Menezes da Silva A, 2003. Hydatid cyst of the liver-criteria for the selection of appropriate treatment. Acta Trop 85 :237ā242.
Keramidas D, Mavridis G, Soutis M, Passalidis A, 2004. Medical treatment of pulmonary hydatidosis: complications and surgical management. Pediatr Surg Int 19 :774ā776.
Vaquerizo A, Sola JL, Bondia A, Opla JM, Madariaga MJ, 1994. Intraoperative hydatid anaphylactic shock. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 41 :113ā116.
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