World Health Organization, 2001. Antimalarial Drug Combination Therapy. Report of a WHO Technical Consultation. Geneva: World Health Organization. WHO/CDS/RBM/2001.35.
Ashley EA, White NJ, 2005. Artemisinin-based combinations. Curr Opin Infect Dis 18 :531–536.
World Health Organization, 2006. Guidelines for the Treatment of Malaria. Geneva: World Health Organization. WHO/HTM/MAL/2006.1108.
World Health Organization, 2003. Assessment and Monitoring of Antimalarial Drug Efficacy for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Falciparum Malaria. Geneva: World Health Organization. WHO/HTM/RBM/2003.50.
Spiegelhalter D, Thomas A, Best N, Lunn D, 2003. WinBUGS Version 1.4 User Manual. MRC Biostatistics Unit, UK. Available at: http://www.mrc-bsu.cam.ac.uk/bugs/winbugs/contents.shtml.
Adjuik M, Babiker A, Garner P, Olliaro P, Taylor W, White N, International Artemisinin Study Group, 2004. Artesunate combinations for treatment of malaria: meta-analysis. Lancet 363 :9–17.
Toovey S, 2006. Are currently deployed artemisinins neurotoxic? Toxicol Lett 166 :95–104.
Bousema JT, Schneider P, Gouagna LC, Drakeley CJ, Tostmann A, Houben R, Githure JI, Ord R, Sutherland CJ, Omar SA, Sauerwein RW, 2006. Moderate effect of artemisinin-based combination therapy on transmission of Plasmodium falciparum. J Infect Dis 193 :1151–1159.
Barnes KI, Durrheim DN, Little F, Jackson A, Mehta U, Allen E, Dlamini SS, Tsoka J, Bredenkamp B, Mthembu DJ, White NJ, Sharp BL, 2005. Effect of artemether-lumefantrine policy and improved vector control on malaria burden in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. PLoS Med 2 :e330.
Mutabingwa TK, Anthony D, Heller A, Hallett R, Ahmed J, Drakeley C, Greenwood BM, Whitty CJ, 2005. Amodiaquine alone, amodiaquine+sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, amodiaquine+artesunate, and artemether-lumefantrine for outpatient treatment of malaria in Tanzanian children: a four-arm randomised effectiveness trial. Lancet 365 :1474–1480.
Chanda P, Hawela M, Operational Research Office, National Malaria Control Centre Lusaka Zambia, 2006. Assessment of Therapeutic Efficacy of Antimalarials in Children Under Five Years in the Sentinel Districts of Zambia in 2005 Transmission Season. Draft Report.
Koram KA, Abuaku B, Duah N, Quashie N, 2005. Comparative efficacy of antimalarial drugs including ACTs in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria among children under 5 years in Ghana. Acta Trop 95 :194–203.
Mockenhaupt FP, Ehrhardt S, Dzisi SY, Teun Bousema J, Wassilew N, Schreiber J, Anemana SD, Cramer JP, Otchwemah RN, Sauerwein RW, Eggelte TA, Bienzle U, 2005. A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial on sulfa-doxine-pyrimethamine alone or combined with artesunate or amodiaquine in uncomplicated malaria. Trop Med Int Health 10 :512–520.
Guthmann JP, Ampuero J, Fortes F, van Overmeir C, Gaboulaud V, Tobback S, Dunand J, Saraiva N, Gillet P, Franco J, Denoncin A, van Herp M, Balkan S, Dujardin JC, D’Alessandro U, Legros D, 2005. Antimalarial efficacy of chloroquine, amodiaquine, sulfadoxinepyrimethamine, and the combinations of amodiaquine + artesunate and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine + artesunate in Huambo and Bie provinces, central Angola. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 99 :485–492.
Hamour S, Melaku Y, Keus K, Wambugu J, Atkin S, Montgomery J, Ford N, Hook C, Checchi F, 2005. Malaria in the Nuba Mountains of Sudan: baseline genotypic resistance and efficacy of the artesunate plus sulfadoxinepyrimethamine and artesuate plus amodiaquine combinations. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 99 :548–554.
Mutabingwa TK, Anthony D, Heller A, Hallett R, Ahmed J, Drakeley C, Greenwood BM, Whitty CJ, 2005. Amodiaquine alone, amodiaquine+sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, amodiaquine +artesunate, and artemether-lumefantrine for outpatient treatment of malaria in Tanzanian children: a four arm randomised effectiveness trial. Lancet 365 :1474–1480.
Adam I, A-Elbasit IE, Elbashir MI, 2005. Efficacies of mefloquine alone and of artesunate followed by mefloquine, for the treatment of uncomplicated, Plasmodium falciparum malaria in eastern Sudan. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 99 :111–117.
Rwagacondo CE, Karema C, Mugisha V, Erhart A, Dujardin JC, Van Overmeir C, Ringwald P, D’Alessandro U, 2004. Is amodiaquine failing in Rwanda? Efficacy of amodiaquine alone and combined with artesunate in children with uncomplicated malaria. Trop Med Int Health 9 :1091–1098.
Obonyo CO, Ochieng F, Taylor WR, Ochola SA, Mugitu K, Olliaro P, ter Kuile F, Oloo AJ, 2003. Artesunate plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for uncomplicated malaria in Kenyan children: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 97 :585–591.
Sirima SB, Tiono AB, Konate A, Diarra A, Castelli F, Pinoges L, Mugittu K, Taylor WR, Olliaros PL, 2003. Efficacy of artesunate plus chloroquine for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in children in Burkina Faso: a doubleblind, randomized, controlled trial. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 97 :345–349.
Priotto G, Kabakyenga J, Pinoges L, Ruiz A, Eriksson T, Coussement F, Ngambe T, Taylor WR, Perea W, Guthmann JP, Olliaro P, Legros D, 2003. Artesunate and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine combinations for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Uganda: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 97 :325–330.
Avila JC, Villaroel R, Marquino W, Zegarra J, Mollinedo R, Ruebush TK, 2004. Efficacy of mefloquine and mefloquine-artesunate for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in the Amazon region of Bolivia. Trop Med Int Health 9 :217–221.
Rwagacondo CE, Niyitegeka F, Sarushi J, Karema C, Mugisha V, Dujardin JC, Van Overmeir C, van den Ende J, D’Alessandro U, 2003. Efficacy of amodiaquine alone and combined with sulfadoxinepyrimethamine and of sulfadoxine pyrimethamine combined with artesunate. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 :743–747.
Van den Broek I, Muang UA, Peters A, Liem L, Kamal M, Rahman M, Rahman MR, Bangali AM, Das S, Barends M, Faiz AM, 2005. Efficacy of chloroquine + sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, mefloquine + artesunate and artemether + lumefantrine combination therapies to treat Plasmodium falciparum malaria in the Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 99 :727–735.
Checchi F, Piola P, Kosack C, Ardizzoni E, Klarkowski D, Kwezi E, Priotto G, Balkan S, Bakyaita N, Brockman A, Guthmann JP, 2004. Antimalarial efficacy of sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine, amodiaquine and a combination of chloroquine plus sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine in Bundi Bugyo, western Uganda. Trop Med Int Health 9 :445–450.
Hutagalung R, Paiphun L, Ashley EA, McGready R, Brockman A, Thwai KL, Singhasivanon P, Jelinek T, White NJ, Nosten FH, 2005. A randomized trial of artemether-lumefantrine versus mefloquine-artesunate for the treatment of uncomplicated multidrug resistant Plasmodium falciparum on the western border of Thailand. Malar J 22 :46.
Mårtensson A, Strömberg J, Sisowath C, Msellem MI, Gil JP, Montgomery SM, Olliaro P, Ali AS, Björkman A, 2005. Efficacy of Artesunate Plus Amodiaquine versus That of Artemether-Lumefantrine for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Childhood Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in Zanzibar, Tanzania. Clin Infect Dis 41 :1079–1086.
Falade C, Makanga M, Premji Z, Ortmann CE, Stockmeyer M, de Palacios PI, 2005. Efficacy and safety of artemether-lumefantrine (Coartem) tablets (six-dose regimen) in African infants and children with acute, uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 99 :459–467.
Adam I, Aelbasit IE, Idris SM, Malik EM, Elbashir MI, 2005. A comparison of the efficacy of artesunate plus sulfadoxinepyrimethamine with that of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine alone, in the treatment of uncomplicated, Plasmodium falciparum malaria in eastern Sudan. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 99 :449–455. International Artemisinin Study Group
Adjuik M, Babiker A, Garner P, Olliaro P, Taylor W, White N, 2004. Artesunate combinations for treatment of malaria: meta-analysis. Lancet 363 :9–17.
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Over the years, multiple articles on Artemisinin-based Combination Therapies (ACTs) were published, highlighting the relative advantages or drawbacks of these combinations. Many studies were comparative. Because none of the studies compare all combinations and methodology varies between studies, there is no homogeneity. A multi-treatment Bayesian random-effects meta-analysis was designed to assess the relative effect of each combination therapy to artesunate + sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (4 mg/kg/day for 3 days). By far the most attractive result for the variable adequate clinical and parasitological response at day 28 PCR corrected is given by the combination artemether-lumefantrine. Annual follow-up on the data published is intended to reveal the changes in the relative drug efficacy values of ACTs.
World Health Organization, 2001. Antimalarial Drug Combination Therapy. Report of a WHO Technical Consultation. Geneva: World Health Organization. WHO/CDS/RBM/2001.35.
Ashley EA, White NJ, 2005. Artemisinin-based combinations. Curr Opin Infect Dis 18 :531–536.
World Health Organization, 2006. Guidelines for the Treatment of Malaria. Geneva: World Health Organization. WHO/HTM/MAL/2006.1108.
World Health Organization, 2003. Assessment and Monitoring of Antimalarial Drug Efficacy for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Falciparum Malaria. Geneva: World Health Organization. WHO/HTM/RBM/2003.50.
Spiegelhalter D, Thomas A, Best N, Lunn D, 2003. WinBUGS Version 1.4 User Manual. MRC Biostatistics Unit, UK. Available at: http://www.mrc-bsu.cam.ac.uk/bugs/winbugs/contents.shtml.
Adjuik M, Babiker A, Garner P, Olliaro P, Taylor W, White N, International Artemisinin Study Group, 2004. Artesunate combinations for treatment of malaria: meta-analysis. Lancet 363 :9–17.
Toovey S, 2006. Are currently deployed artemisinins neurotoxic? Toxicol Lett 166 :95–104.
Bousema JT, Schneider P, Gouagna LC, Drakeley CJ, Tostmann A, Houben R, Githure JI, Ord R, Sutherland CJ, Omar SA, Sauerwein RW, 2006. Moderate effect of artemisinin-based combination therapy on transmission of Plasmodium falciparum. J Infect Dis 193 :1151–1159.
Barnes KI, Durrheim DN, Little F, Jackson A, Mehta U, Allen E, Dlamini SS, Tsoka J, Bredenkamp B, Mthembu DJ, White NJ, Sharp BL, 2005. Effect of artemether-lumefantrine policy and improved vector control on malaria burden in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. PLoS Med 2 :e330.
Mutabingwa TK, Anthony D, Heller A, Hallett R, Ahmed J, Drakeley C, Greenwood BM, Whitty CJ, 2005. Amodiaquine alone, amodiaquine+sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, amodiaquine+artesunate, and artemether-lumefantrine for outpatient treatment of malaria in Tanzanian children: a four-arm randomised effectiveness trial. Lancet 365 :1474–1480.
Chanda P, Hawela M, Operational Research Office, National Malaria Control Centre Lusaka Zambia, 2006. Assessment of Therapeutic Efficacy of Antimalarials in Children Under Five Years in the Sentinel Districts of Zambia in 2005 Transmission Season. Draft Report.
Koram KA, Abuaku B, Duah N, Quashie N, 2005. Comparative efficacy of antimalarial drugs including ACTs in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria among children under 5 years in Ghana. Acta Trop 95 :194–203.
Mockenhaupt FP, Ehrhardt S, Dzisi SY, Teun Bousema J, Wassilew N, Schreiber J, Anemana SD, Cramer JP, Otchwemah RN, Sauerwein RW, Eggelte TA, Bienzle U, 2005. A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial on sulfa-doxine-pyrimethamine alone or combined with artesunate or amodiaquine in uncomplicated malaria. Trop Med Int Health 10 :512–520.
Guthmann JP, Ampuero J, Fortes F, van Overmeir C, Gaboulaud V, Tobback S, Dunand J, Saraiva N, Gillet P, Franco J, Denoncin A, van Herp M, Balkan S, Dujardin JC, D’Alessandro U, Legros D, 2005. Antimalarial efficacy of chloroquine, amodiaquine, sulfadoxinepyrimethamine, and the combinations of amodiaquine + artesunate and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine + artesunate in Huambo and Bie provinces, central Angola. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 99 :485–492.
Hamour S, Melaku Y, Keus K, Wambugu J, Atkin S, Montgomery J, Ford N, Hook C, Checchi F, 2005. Malaria in the Nuba Mountains of Sudan: baseline genotypic resistance and efficacy of the artesunate plus sulfadoxinepyrimethamine and artesuate plus amodiaquine combinations. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 99 :548–554.
Mutabingwa TK, Anthony D, Heller A, Hallett R, Ahmed J, Drakeley C, Greenwood BM, Whitty CJ, 2005. Amodiaquine alone, amodiaquine+sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, amodiaquine +artesunate, and artemether-lumefantrine for outpatient treatment of malaria in Tanzanian children: a four arm randomised effectiveness trial. Lancet 365 :1474–1480.
Adam I, A-Elbasit IE, Elbashir MI, 2005. Efficacies of mefloquine alone and of artesunate followed by mefloquine, for the treatment of uncomplicated, Plasmodium falciparum malaria in eastern Sudan. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 99 :111–117.
Rwagacondo CE, Karema C, Mugisha V, Erhart A, Dujardin JC, Van Overmeir C, Ringwald P, D’Alessandro U, 2004. Is amodiaquine failing in Rwanda? Efficacy of amodiaquine alone and combined with artesunate in children with uncomplicated malaria. Trop Med Int Health 9 :1091–1098.
Obonyo CO, Ochieng F, Taylor WR, Ochola SA, Mugitu K, Olliaro P, ter Kuile F, Oloo AJ, 2003. Artesunate plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for uncomplicated malaria in Kenyan children: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 97 :585–591.
Sirima SB, Tiono AB, Konate A, Diarra A, Castelli F, Pinoges L, Mugittu K, Taylor WR, Olliaros PL, 2003. Efficacy of artesunate plus chloroquine for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in children in Burkina Faso: a doubleblind, randomized, controlled trial. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 97 :345–349.
Priotto G, Kabakyenga J, Pinoges L, Ruiz A, Eriksson T, Coussement F, Ngambe T, Taylor WR, Perea W, Guthmann JP, Olliaro P, Legros D, 2003. Artesunate and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine combinations for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Uganda: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 97 :325–330.
Avila JC, Villaroel R, Marquino W, Zegarra J, Mollinedo R, Ruebush TK, 2004. Efficacy of mefloquine and mefloquine-artesunate for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in the Amazon region of Bolivia. Trop Med Int Health 9 :217–221.
Rwagacondo CE, Niyitegeka F, Sarushi J, Karema C, Mugisha V, Dujardin JC, Van Overmeir C, van den Ende J, D’Alessandro U, 2003. Efficacy of amodiaquine alone and combined with sulfadoxinepyrimethamine and of sulfadoxine pyrimethamine combined with artesunate. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 :743–747.
Van den Broek I, Muang UA, Peters A, Liem L, Kamal M, Rahman M, Rahman MR, Bangali AM, Das S, Barends M, Faiz AM, 2005. Efficacy of chloroquine + sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, mefloquine + artesunate and artemether + lumefantrine combination therapies to treat Plasmodium falciparum malaria in the Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 99 :727–735.
Checchi F, Piola P, Kosack C, Ardizzoni E, Klarkowski D, Kwezi E, Priotto G, Balkan S, Bakyaita N, Brockman A, Guthmann JP, 2004. Antimalarial efficacy of sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine, amodiaquine and a combination of chloroquine plus sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine in Bundi Bugyo, western Uganda. Trop Med Int Health 9 :445–450.
Hutagalung R, Paiphun L, Ashley EA, McGready R, Brockman A, Thwai KL, Singhasivanon P, Jelinek T, White NJ, Nosten FH, 2005. A randomized trial of artemether-lumefantrine versus mefloquine-artesunate for the treatment of uncomplicated multidrug resistant Plasmodium falciparum on the western border of Thailand. Malar J 22 :46.
Mårtensson A, Strömberg J, Sisowath C, Msellem MI, Gil JP, Montgomery SM, Olliaro P, Ali AS, Björkman A, 2005. Efficacy of Artesunate Plus Amodiaquine versus That of Artemether-Lumefantrine for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Childhood Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in Zanzibar, Tanzania. Clin Infect Dis 41 :1079–1086.
Falade C, Makanga M, Premji Z, Ortmann CE, Stockmeyer M, de Palacios PI, 2005. Efficacy and safety of artemether-lumefantrine (Coartem) tablets (six-dose regimen) in African infants and children with acute, uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 99 :459–467.
Adam I, Aelbasit IE, Idris SM, Malik EM, Elbashir MI, 2005. A comparison of the efficacy of artesunate plus sulfadoxinepyrimethamine with that of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine alone, in the treatment of uncomplicated, Plasmodium falciparum malaria in eastern Sudan. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 99 :449–455. International Artemisinin Study Group
Adjuik M, Babiker A, Garner P, Olliaro P, Taylor W, White N, 2004. Artesunate combinations for treatment of malaria: meta-analysis. Lancet 363 :9–17.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 563 | 504 | 7 |
Full Text Views | 254 | 19 | 8 |
PDF Downloads | 67 | 9 | 0 |