A Major Epidemic of Chikungunya Virus Infection on Réunion Island, France, 2005–2006

Philippe Renault Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Réunion-Mayotte, Saint-Denis, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie d’Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France; Direction Régionale des Affaires Sanitaires et Sociales de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Observatoire Régional de la Santé de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Fort-de-France, France

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Jean-Louis Solet Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Réunion-Mayotte, Saint-Denis, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie d’Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France; Direction Régionale des Affaires Sanitaires et Sociales de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Observatoire Régional de la Santé de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Fort-de-France, France

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Daouda Sissoko Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Réunion-Mayotte, Saint-Denis, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie d’Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France; Direction Régionale des Affaires Sanitaires et Sociales de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Observatoire Régional de la Santé de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Fort-de-France, France

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Elsa Balleydier Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Réunion-Mayotte, Saint-Denis, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie d’Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France; Direction Régionale des Affaires Sanitaires et Sociales de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Observatoire Régional de la Santé de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Fort-de-France, France

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Sophie Larrieu Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Réunion-Mayotte, Saint-Denis, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie d’Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France; Direction Régionale des Affaires Sanitaires et Sociales de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Observatoire Régional de la Santé de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Fort-de-France, France

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Laurent Filleul Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Réunion-Mayotte, Saint-Denis, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie d’Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France; Direction Régionale des Affaires Sanitaires et Sociales de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Observatoire Régional de la Santé de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Fort-de-France, France

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Christian Lassalle Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Réunion-Mayotte, Saint-Denis, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie d’Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France; Direction Régionale des Affaires Sanitaires et Sociales de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Observatoire Régional de la Santé de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Fort-de-France, France

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Julien Thiria Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Réunion-Mayotte, Saint-Denis, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie d’Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France; Direction Régionale des Affaires Sanitaires et Sociales de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Observatoire Régional de la Santé de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Fort-de-France, France

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Emmanuelle Rachou Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Réunion-Mayotte, Saint-Denis, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie d’Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France; Direction Régionale des Affaires Sanitaires et Sociales de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Observatoire Régional de la Santé de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Fort-de-France, France

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Henriette de Valk Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Réunion-Mayotte, Saint-Denis, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie d’Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France; Direction Régionale des Affaires Sanitaires et Sociales de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Observatoire Régional de la Santé de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Fort-de-France, France

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Daniele Ilef Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Réunion-Mayotte, Saint-Denis, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie d’Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France; Direction Régionale des Affaires Sanitaires et Sociales de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Observatoire Régional de la Santé de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Fort-de-France, France

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Martine Ledrans Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Réunion-Mayotte, Saint-Denis, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie d’Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France; Direction Régionale des Affaires Sanitaires et Sociales de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Observatoire Régional de la Santé de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Fort-de-France, France

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Isabelle Quatresous Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Réunion-Mayotte, Saint-Denis, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie d’Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France; Direction Régionale des Affaires Sanitaires et Sociales de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Observatoire Régional de la Santé de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Fort-de-France, France

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Philippe Quenel Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Réunion-Mayotte, Saint-Denis, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie d’Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France; Direction Régionale des Affaires Sanitaires et Sociales de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Observatoire Régional de la Santé de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Fort-de-France, France

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Vincent Pierre Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Réunion-Mayotte, Saint-Denis, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie d’Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France; Direction Régionale des Affaires Sanitaires et Sociales de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Observatoire Régional de la Santé de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, France; Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France; Cellule Interrégionale d’Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Fort-de-France, France

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In January 2005, an epidemic of chikungunya fever broke out in the Comoro Islands and lasted until May 2005. In April, cases were also reported in Mayotte and Mauritius. On Réunion Island, the first cases were reported at the end of April. Surveillance of this epidemic required an adaptive system, which at first was based on active and retrospective case detection around the cases reported, then relied on a sentinel network when the incidence increased. Emerging and severe forms of infection were investigated. Death certificates were monitored. By April 2006, the surveillance estimate was 244,000 cases of chikungunya virus infection, including 123 severe cases and 41 of maternoneonatal transmission, with an overall attack rate of 35%. Chikungunya infection was mentioned on 203 death certificates and significant mortality was observed. This epidemic highlighted the need for a mutual strategy of providing information on arboviral diseases and their prevention and control between countries in the southwestern Indian Ocean.

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