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-
1
Chippaux JP, 2005. Evaluation de la situation épidémiologique et des capacités de prise en charge des envenimations ophidiennes en Afrique subsaharienne francophone. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 98 :263–268.
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2
Chippaux JP, 1998. Snake bites: appraisal of the global situation. Bull World Health Organ 76 :515–524.
-
3
Chippaux JP, 2002. Epidémiologie des morsures de serpent au Bénin. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 95 :172–174.
-
4
Fayomi B, Hennequin C, Makoutodé M, Djivoh G, 1987. Les accidents dus aux serpents en milieu rural ouest africain: quelle attitude thérapeutique adopter aujourd’hui? Med Afr Noire 34 :971–984.
-
5
Fayomi B, Massougbodji A, Chobli M, 2002. 2002. Données épidémiologiques sur les cas de morsures de serpent déclarés au Bénin de 1994 à 2000. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 95 :178–180.
-
6
Massougbodji M, Chobli M, Assouto P, Lokossou T, Sanoussi H, Sossou A, Massougbodji A, 2002. Géoclimatologie et sévérité des envenimations par morsures de serpent au Bénin. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 95 :175–177.
-
7
Chippaux JP, 1998. The development and use of immunotherapy in Africa. Toxicon 36 :1503–1506.
-
8
Chippaux JP, 2002. The treatment of snake bites: analysis of requirements and assessment of therapeutic efficacy in tropical Africa. Ménez A, ed. Perspectives in Molecular Toxinology. Chichester, United Kingdom: John Wiley and Sons, 457–472.
-
9
Chippaux JP, Goyffon M, 1998. Venoms, antivenoms and immunotherapy. Toxicon 36 :823–846.
-
10
Chippaux JP, Lang J, Amadi Eddine S, Fagot P, Rage V, Peyrieux JC, Le Mener V, 1998. Clinical safety of a polyvalent F(ab’)2 equine antivenom in 223 African snake envenomations: a field trial in Cameroon. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 92 :657–662.
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11
Chippaux JP, Lang J, Amadi Eddine S, Fagot P, Le Mener V, 1999. Treatment of snake envenomations by a new polyvalent antivenom composed of highly purified F(ab’)2: results of a clinical trial in northern Cameroon. Am J Trop Med Hyg 61 :1017–1018.
-
12
Chippaux JP, Amadi-Eddine S, Fagot P, 1998. Validité d’un test de diagnostic et de surveillance du syndrome hémorragique lors des envenimations vipérines en Afrique sub-saharienne. Med Trop (Mars) 58 :369–371.
-
13
Chippaux JP, Amadi-Eddine S, Fagot P, 1999. Diagnostic et surveillance des hémorragies dues aux envenimations vipérines en savane africaine. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 92 :109–113.
-
14
Theakston RD, Warrell DA, Griffiths E, 2003. Report of a WHO workshop on the standardization and control of antivenoms. Toxicon 41 :541–557.
-
15
World Health Organization, 1981. Progress in the Characterization of Venoms and Standardization of Antivenoms. Geneva: World Health Organization. Offset Publication.
-
16
Daudu I, Theakston RD, 1988. Preliminary trial of a new polyspecific antivenom in Nigeria. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 82 :311–313.
-
17
Meyer WP, Habib AG, Onayade AA, Yakubu A, Smith DC, Nasidi A, Daudu IJ, Warrell DA, Theakston RD, 1997. First clinical experiences with a new ovine Fab Echis ocellatus snake bite antivenom in Nigeria: randomized comparative trial with Institute Pasteur serum (Ipser) Africa antivenom. Am J Trop Med Hyg 56 :291–300.
-
18
Pugh RN, Theakston RD, 1987. Fatality following use of a tourniquet after viper bite envenoming. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 81 :77–78.
-
19
Pugh RN, Theakston RD, 1987. A clinical study of viper bite poisoning. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 81 :135–149.
-
20
Chippaux JP, 1999. L’envenimation ophidienne en Afrique: épidémiologie, clinique et traitement. Ann IP Actualités 10 :161–171.
-
21
Pugh RN, Bourdillon CC, Theakston RD, Reid HA, 1979. Bites by the carpet viper in the Niger Valley. Lancet ii :625–627.
-
22
Warrell DA, Arnett C, 1976. The importance of bites by the saw Scaled viper (Echis carinatus). Epidemiological studies in Nigeria and a review of world literature. Acta Trop 23 :307–341.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 495 | 375 | 18 |
| Full Text Views | 336 | 15 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 124 | 15 | 0 |
Clinical Trial of an F(ab’)2 Polyvalent Equine Antivenom for African Snake Bites in Benin
J.-P. Chippaux
J.-P. Chippaux
Unité de Recherche 010, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, La Paz, Bolivia; Faculté des Sciences de la Santé de Cotonou, Cotonou, Benin; Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autonónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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A. Massougbodji
A. Massougbodji
Unité de Recherche 010, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, La Paz, Bolivia; Faculté des Sciences de la Santé de Cotonou, Cotonou, Benin; Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autonónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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R. P. Stock
R. P. Stock
Unité de Recherche 010, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, La Paz, Bolivia; Faculté des Sciences de la Santé de Cotonou, Cotonou, Benin; Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autonónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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A. Alagon
A. Alagon
Unité de Recherche 010, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, La Paz, Bolivia; Faculté des Sciences de la Santé de Cotonou, Cotonou, Benin; Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autonónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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We report the results of a trial designed to measure the safety and efficacy of African Antivipmyn®, a new freeze-dried polyvalent equine F(ab’)2-based antivenom. We tested 289 envenomations. After treatment, 19% of treated patients had undesirable events, all benign. A possible adverse effect was attributed to this antivenom in 11% of the patients. Bleeding was observed in 48% of the patients; it stopped within 2 hours after treatment with antivenom in 60% of the patients. Blood incoagulability was observed in 80% of the patients. Restoration of coagulation was attained within 4 hours in 60% of the patients. Nine patients died; 6 arrived at the hospital in the final stage of complications and 5 arrived at the hospital more than 60 hours after the bite. The value of blood coagulation tests in diagnosis of envenomation and bleeding as an indicator of renewal of treatment are emphasized.
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-
1
Chippaux JP, 2005. Evaluation de la situation épidémiologique et des capacités de prise en charge des envenimations ophidiennes en Afrique subsaharienne francophone. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 98 :263–268.
-
2
Chippaux JP, 1998. Snake bites: appraisal of the global situation. Bull World Health Organ 76 :515–524.
-
3
Chippaux JP, 2002. Epidémiologie des morsures de serpent au Bénin. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 95 :172–174.
-
4
Fayomi B, Hennequin C, Makoutodé M, Djivoh G, 1987. Les accidents dus aux serpents en milieu rural ouest africain: quelle attitude thérapeutique adopter aujourd’hui? Med Afr Noire 34 :971–984.
-
5
Fayomi B, Massougbodji A, Chobli M, 2002. 2002. Données épidémiologiques sur les cas de morsures de serpent déclarés au Bénin de 1994 à 2000. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 95 :178–180.
-
6
Massougbodji M, Chobli M, Assouto P, Lokossou T, Sanoussi H, Sossou A, Massougbodji A, 2002. Géoclimatologie et sévérité des envenimations par morsures de serpent au Bénin. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 95 :175–177.
-
7
Chippaux JP, 1998. The development and use of immunotherapy in Africa. Toxicon 36 :1503–1506.
-
8
Chippaux JP, 2002. The treatment of snake bites: analysis of requirements and assessment of therapeutic efficacy in tropical Africa. Ménez A, ed. Perspectives in Molecular Toxinology. Chichester, United Kingdom: John Wiley and Sons, 457–472.
-
9
Chippaux JP, Goyffon M, 1998. Venoms, antivenoms and immunotherapy. Toxicon 36 :823–846.
-
10
Chippaux JP, Lang J, Amadi Eddine S, Fagot P, Rage V, Peyrieux JC, Le Mener V, 1998. Clinical safety of a polyvalent F(ab’)2 equine antivenom in 223 African snake envenomations: a field trial in Cameroon. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 92 :657–662.
-
11
Chippaux JP, Lang J, Amadi Eddine S, Fagot P, Le Mener V, 1999. Treatment of snake envenomations by a new polyvalent antivenom composed of highly purified F(ab’)2: results of a clinical trial in northern Cameroon. Am J Trop Med Hyg 61 :1017–1018.
-
12
Chippaux JP, Amadi-Eddine S, Fagot P, 1998. Validité d’un test de diagnostic et de surveillance du syndrome hémorragique lors des envenimations vipérines en Afrique sub-saharienne. Med Trop (Mars) 58 :369–371.
-
13
Chippaux JP, Amadi-Eddine S, Fagot P, 1999. Diagnostic et surveillance des hémorragies dues aux envenimations vipérines en savane africaine. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 92 :109–113.
-
14
Theakston RD, Warrell DA, Griffiths E, 2003. Report of a WHO workshop on the standardization and control of antivenoms. Toxicon 41 :541–557.
-
15
World Health Organization, 1981. Progress in the Characterization of Venoms and Standardization of Antivenoms. Geneva: World Health Organization. Offset Publication.
-
16
Daudu I, Theakston RD, 1988. Preliminary trial of a new polyspecific antivenom in Nigeria. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 82 :311–313.
-
17
Meyer WP, Habib AG, Onayade AA, Yakubu A, Smith DC, Nasidi A, Daudu IJ, Warrell DA, Theakston RD, 1997. First clinical experiences with a new ovine Fab Echis ocellatus snake bite antivenom in Nigeria: randomized comparative trial with Institute Pasteur serum (Ipser) Africa antivenom. Am J Trop Med Hyg 56 :291–300.
-
18
Pugh RN, Theakston RD, 1987. Fatality following use of a tourniquet after viper bite envenoming. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 81 :77–78.
-
19
Pugh RN, Theakston RD, 1987. A clinical study of viper bite poisoning. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 81 :135–149.
-
20
Chippaux JP, 1999. L’envenimation ophidienne en Afrique: épidémiologie, clinique et traitement. Ann IP Actualités 10 :161–171.
-
21
Pugh RN, Bourdillon CC, Theakston RD, Reid HA, 1979. Bites by the carpet viper in the Niger Valley. Lancet ii :625–627.
-
22
Warrell DA, Arnett C, 1976. The importance of bites by the saw Scaled viper (Echis carinatus). Epidemiological studies in Nigeria and a review of world literature. Acta Trop 23 :307–341.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 495 | 375 | 18 |
| Full Text Views | 336 | 15 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 124 | 15 | 0 |