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1
Warhurst DC, Williams JE, 1996. ACP Broadsheet no 148. July 1996. Laboratory diagnosis of malaria. J Clin Pathol 49 :533–538.
-
2
Jonkman A, Chibwe RA, Khoromana CO, Liabunya UL, Chaponda ME, Kandiero GE, Molyneux ME, Taylor TE, 1995. Cost-saving through microscopy-based versus presumptive diagnosis of malaria in adult outpatients in Malawi. Bull World Health Organ 73 :223–227.
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3
Milne LM, Kyi MS, Chiodini PL, Warhurst DC, 1994. Accuracy of routine laboratory diagnosis of malaria in the United Kingdom. J Clin Pathol 47 :740–742.
-
4
Roshanravan B, Kari E, Gilman RH, Cabrera L, Lee E, Metcalfe J, Calderon M, Lescano AG, Montenegro-James S, Calampa C, Vinetz JM, 2003. Endemic malaria in the Peruvian Amazon region of Iquitos. Am J Trop Med Hyg 69 :45–52.
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5
Moody A, 2002. Rapid diagnostic tests for malaria parasites. Clin Microbiol Rev 15 :66–78.
-
6
Whitworth JA, Hewitt KA, 2005. Effect of malaria on HIV-1 progression and transmission. Lancet 365 :196–197.
-
7
Bharti AR, Chuquiyauri R, Brouwer KC, Stancil J, Lin J, Llanos-Cuentas A, Vinetz JM, 2006. Experimental infection of the neotropical malaria vector Anopheles darlingi by human patient-derived Plasmodium vivax in the Peruvian Amazon. Am J Trop Med Hyg 75 :610–616.
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8
Snounou G, Viriyakosol S, Zhu XP, Jarra W, Pinheiro L, do Rosario VE, Thaithong S, Brown KN, 1993. High sensitivity of detection of human malaria parasites by the use of nested polymerase chain reaction. Mol Biochem Parasitol 61 :315–320.
-
9
Shi SR, Datar R, Liu C, Wu L, Zhang Z, Cote RJ, Taylor CR, 2004. DNA extraction from archival formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues: heat-induced retrieval in alkaline solution. Histochem Cell Biol 122 :211–218.
-
10
Gal S, Fidler C, Turner S, Lo YM, Roberts DJ, Wainscoat JS, 2001. Detection of Plasmodium falciparum DNA in plasma. Ann N Y Acad Sci 945 :234–238.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
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| Abstract Views | 456 | 394 | 11 |
| Full Text Views | 466 | 5 | 0 |
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Polymerase Chain Reaction Detection of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum DNA from Stored Serum Samples: Implications for Retrospective Diagnosis of Malaria
Ajay R. Bharti
Ajay R. Bharti
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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Kailash P. Patra
Kailash P. Patra
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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Raul Chuquiyauri
Raul Chuquiyauri
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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Margaret Kosek
Margaret Kosek
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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Robert H. Gilman
Robert H. Gilman
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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Alejandro Llanos-Cuentas
Alejandro Llanos-Cuentas
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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Joseph M. Vinetz
Joseph M. Vinetz
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of Plasmodium DNA is highly sensitive in diagnosing malaria. The specimen of choice for this assay has been whole blood samples from malaria patients. To retrospectively determine malaria infection rates in populations or cohorts for whom stored serum samples are available, we determined the ability of a nested PCR assay to detect Plasmodium DNA in stored serum samples. The PCR result was positive in 20 of 23 serum samples from patients with microscopy-confirmed malaria and negative in 8 of 8 healthy controls, resulting in a sensitivity of 87% and specificity of 100%. In all positive samples, species were correctly identified by PCR except for one case where a mixed infection was detected. The PCR is able to detect Plasmodium DNA in serum samples frozen up to 2.5 years and has the potential for the retrospective identification of malaria parasitemia in patient cohorts to determine potential interactions of malaria and other diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
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-
1
Warhurst DC, Williams JE, 1996. ACP Broadsheet no 148. July 1996. Laboratory diagnosis of malaria. J Clin Pathol 49 :533–538.
-
2
Jonkman A, Chibwe RA, Khoromana CO, Liabunya UL, Chaponda ME, Kandiero GE, Molyneux ME, Taylor TE, 1995. Cost-saving through microscopy-based versus presumptive diagnosis of malaria in adult outpatients in Malawi. Bull World Health Organ 73 :223–227.
-
3
Milne LM, Kyi MS, Chiodini PL, Warhurst DC, 1994. Accuracy of routine laboratory diagnosis of malaria in the United Kingdom. J Clin Pathol 47 :740–742.
-
4
Roshanravan B, Kari E, Gilman RH, Cabrera L, Lee E, Metcalfe J, Calderon M, Lescano AG, Montenegro-James S, Calampa C, Vinetz JM, 2003. Endemic malaria in the Peruvian Amazon region of Iquitos. Am J Trop Med Hyg 69 :45–52.
-
5
Moody A, 2002. Rapid diagnostic tests for malaria parasites. Clin Microbiol Rev 15 :66–78.
-
6
Whitworth JA, Hewitt KA, 2005. Effect of malaria on HIV-1 progression and transmission. Lancet 365 :196–197.
-
7
Bharti AR, Chuquiyauri R, Brouwer KC, Stancil J, Lin J, Llanos-Cuentas A, Vinetz JM, 2006. Experimental infection of the neotropical malaria vector Anopheles darlingi by human patient-derived Plasmodium vivax in the Peruvian Amazon. Am J Trop Med Hyg 75 :610–616.
-
8
Snounou G, Viriyakosol S, Zhu XP, Jarra W, Pinheiro L, do Rosario VE, Thaithong S, Brown KN, 1993. High sensitivity of detection of human malaria parasites by the use of nested polymerase chain reaction. Mol Biochem Parasitol 61 :315–320.
-
9
Shi SR, Datar R, Liu C, Wu L, Zhang Z, Cote RJ, Taylor CR, 2004. DNA extraction from archival formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues: heat-induced retrieval in alkaline solution. Histochem Cell Biol 122 :211–218.
-
10
Gal S, Fidler C, Turner S, Lo YM, Roberts DJ, Wainscoat JS, 2001. Detection of Plasmodium falciparum DNA in plasma. Ann N Y Acad Sci 945 :234–238.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 456 | 394 | 11 |
| Full Text Views | 466 | 5 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 202 | 6 | 0 |