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1
Redhu NS, Dey A, Balooni V, Singh S, 2006. Leishmania-HIV co-infection: an emerging problem in India. AIDS 20 :1213–1215.
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2
Sutherst RW, 1993. Arthropods as disease vectors in a changing environment. Lake JV, Bock GR, Ackrill K, eds. Environmental Change and Human Health. Ciba Foundation Symposium. London: Academic Press, 124–145.
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3
Desjeux P, 2004. Leishmaniasis: current situation and new perspectives. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 27 :305–318.
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4
Sanyal RK, 1985. Leishmaniasis in the Indian subcontinent. Chang. KP, Bray RS, eds. Leishmaniasis. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier Science Publishers, 443–467.
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5
Munshi CP, Vaidya PM, Buranpuri JJ, Gulati OD, 1972. Kala-azar in Gujarat. J Indian Med Assoc 59 :287–293.
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6
Singh S, Biswas A, Wig N, Aggarwal P, Sood R, Wali JP, 1999. A new focus of kala-azar cases in Kumaon region of India. J Commun Dis 31 :73–77.
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7
Kesavan A, Parvathy VK, Thomas S, Sudha SP, 2003. Indigenous visceral leishmaniasis: two cases from Kerala. Indian J Pediatr 40 :373–374.
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8
Kaul SM, 1991. Phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) from Khandwa and Hoshangabad Districts of Madhya Pradesh, India. J Commun Dis 23 :257–262.
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9
Sivakumar R, Sharma P, Chang KP, Singh S, 2006. Cloning, expression and purification of a novel recombinant antigen from Leishmania donovani. Protein Expr Purif 46 :156–165.
-
10
Burns JM Jr, Shreffler WG, Benson DR, Ghalib HW, Badaro R, Reed SG, 1993. Molecular characterization of a kinesin-related antigen of Leishmania chagasi that detects specific antibody in African and American visceral leishmaniasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 90 :775–779.
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11
Singh S, Kumari V, Singh N, 2002. Predicting kala-azar disease manifestations in asymptomatic patients with latent Leishmania donovani infection by detection of antibody against recombinant K39 antigen. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 9 :568–572.
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12
Misra SD, 1970. The Rivers of India. New Delhi: National Book Trust of India.
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13
Bagchi KS, Phillip M, 1996. Wastelands in India: An Untapped Potential. New Delhi: Uplabdhi Trust for Developmental Initiatives, 173–186.
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World Health Organization Expert Committee on Leishmaniasis, 1984. The Leishmaniases. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser 701.
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First Case of Indigenous Visceral Leishmaniasis from Central India
Ayan Dey
Ayan Dey
Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Umakant Sharma
Umakant Sharma
Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Sarman Singh
Sarman Singh
Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Visceral leishmaniasis is endemic in the eastern states of India, but central India remains free of leishmaniais. This report describes the first indigenous case of visceral leishmaniasis in a seven-year-old girl from central India. The child presented with fever for 10 days and was diagnosed by bone marrow examination, serology using rKE16 and rK39 antigens, and a polymerase chain reaction specific for the kinesin gene. Sequencing of the immunodominant region of the kinesin gene of the parasite showed four tandem repeats, each 117 basepairs. The first tandem repeat of this strain had 97% homology with the corresponding first tandem repeat of the Leishmania donovani KE16 strain and 92% homology with the L. chagasi BA-2 strain. The second, third, and fourth tandem repeats had 97%, 98%, and 99% homology, respectively, with the L. donovani KE16 strain, and 89%, 96%, and 92% homology, respectively, with the L. chagasi BA-2 strain. This case shows that more than one genetic variant of L. donovani is circulating in various parts of India.
Author Notes
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1
Redhu NS, Dey A, Balooni V, Singh S, 2006. Leishmania-HIV co-infection: an emerging problem in India. AIDS 20 :1213–1215.
-
2
Sutherst RW, 1993. Arthropods as disease vectors in a changing environment. Lake JV, Bock GR, Ackrill K, eds. Environmental Change and Human Health. Ciba Foundation Symposium. London: Academic Press, 124–145.
-
3
Desjeux P, 2004. Leishmaniasis: current situation and new perspectives. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 27 :305–318.
-
4
Sanyal RK, 1985. Leishmaniasis in the Indian subcontinent. Chang. KP, Bray RS, eds. Leishmaniasis. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier Science Publishers, 443–467.
-
5
Munshi CP, Vaidya PM, Buranpuri JJ, Gulati OD, 1972. Kala-azar in Gujarat. J Indian Med Assoc 59 :287–293.
-
6
Singh S, Biswas A, Wig N, Aggarwal P, Sood R, Wali JP, 1999. A new focus of kala-azar cases in Kumaon region of India. J Commun Dis 31 :73–77.
-
7
Kesavan A, Parvathy VK, Thomas S, Sudha SP, 2003. Indigenous visceral leishmaniasis: two cases from Kerala. Indian J Pediatr 40 :373–374.
-
8
Kaul SM, 1991. Phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) from Khandwa and Hoshangabad Districts of Madhya Pradesh, India. J Commun Dis 23 :257–262.
-
9
Sivakumar R, Sharma P, Chang KP, Singh S, 2006. Cloning, expression and purification of a novel recombinant antigen from Leishmania donovani. Protein Expr Purif 46 :156–165.
-
10
Burns JM Jr, Shreffler WG, Benson DR, Ghalib HW, Badaro R, Reed SG, 1993. Molecular characterization of a kinesin-related antigen of Leishmania chagasi that detects specific antibody in African and American visceral leishmaniasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 90 :775–779.
-
11
Singh S, Kumari V, Singh N, 2002. Predicting kala-azar disease manifestations in asymptomatic patients with latent Leishmania donovani infection by detection of antibody against recombinant K39 antigen. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 9 :568–572.
-
12
Misra SD, 1970. The Rivers of India. New Delhi: National Book Trust of India.
-
13
Bagchi KS, Phillip M, 1996. Wastelands in India: An Untapped Potential. New Delhi: Uplabdhi Trust for Developmental Initiatives, 173–186.
-
14
World Health Organization Expert Committee on Leishmaniasis, 1984. The Leishmaniases. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser 701.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 1464 | 1418 | 265 |
| Full Text Views | 133 | 17 | 1 |
| PDF Downloads | 41 | 9 | 0 |