Feld JJ, Heathcote EJ, 2003. Epidemiology of autoimmune liver disease. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 18 :1118–1128.

Feld JJ, Heathcote EJ, 2003. Epidemiology of autoimmune liver disease. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 18: 1118–1128.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Parikh-Patel A, Gold EB, Worman H, Krivy KE, Gershwin ME, 2001. Risk factors for primary biliary cirrhosis in a cohort of patients from the United States. Hepatology 33 :16–21.

Parikh-Patel A, Gold EB, Worman H, Krivy KE, Gershwin ME, 2001. Risk factors for primary biliary cirrhosis in a cohort of patients from the United States. Hepatology 33: 16–21.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Bach JF, 2002. The effect of infections on susceptibility to autoimmune and allergic diseases. N Engl J Med 347 :911–920.

Bach JF, 2002. The effect of infections on susceptibility to autoimmune and allergic diseases. N Engl J Med 347: 911–920.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Weinstock JV, Summers RW, Elliott DE, Qadir K, Urban JF Jr, Thompson R, 2002. The possible link between de-worming and the emergence of immunological disease. J Lab Clin Med 139 :334–338.

Weinstock JV, Summers RW, Elliott DE, Qadir K, Urban JF Jr, Thompson R, 2002. The possible link between de-worming and the emergence of immunological disease. J Lab Clin Med 139: 334–338.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Fox JG, Beck P, Dangler CA, Whary MT, Wang TC, Ning shi H, Nagleranderson C, 2000. Concurrent enteric helminth infection modulates inflammation and gastric immune responses and reduces helicobacter-induced gastric atrophy. Nat Med 6 :536–542.

Fox JG, Beck P, Dangler CA, Whary MT, Wang TC, Ning shi H, Nagleranderson C, 2000. Concurrent enteric helminth infection modulates inflammation and gastric immune responses and reduces helicobacter-induced gastric atrophy. Nat Med 6: 536–542.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

La Flamme AC, Ruddenklau K, Backstrom BT, 2003. Schistosomiasis decreases central nervous system inflammation and alters the progression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Infect Immun 71 :4996–5004.

La Flamme AC, Ruddenklau K, Backstrom BT, 2003. Schistosomiasis decreases central nervous system inflammation and alters the progression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Infect Immun 71: 4996–5004.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Summers R, Elliott D, Qadir K, Urban JF Jr, Thompson R, Weinstock JV, 2003. Trichuris suis appears safe and effective in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease: a possible example of Th2 conditioning of the mucosal immune response. Am J Gastroenterol 98 :2034–2041.

Summers R, Elliott D, Qadir K, Urban JF Jr, Thompson R, Weinstock JV, 2003. Trichuris suis appears safe and effective in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease: a possible example of Th2 conditioning of the mucosal immune response. Am J Gastroenterol 98: 2034–2041.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

McKay DM, 2006. The beneficial helminth parasite? Parasitology 132 :1–12.

McKay DM, 2006. The beneficial helminth parasite? Parasitology 132: 1–12.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Yazdanbakhsh M, Kremsner PG, van Ree R, 2002. Allergy, parasites, and the hygiene hypothesis. Science 296 :490–494.

Yazdanbakhsh M, Kremsner PG, van Ree R, 2002. Allergy, parasites, and the hygiene hypothesis. Science 296: 490–494.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Zaha O, Hirata T, Kinjo F, Saito A, 2000. Strongyloidiasis—progress in diagnosis and treatment. Intern Med 39 :695–700.

Zaha O, Hirata T, Kinjo F, Saito A, 2000. Strongyloidiasis—progress in diagnosis and treatment. Intern Med 39: 695–700.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Hirata T, Uchima N, Kishimoto K, Zaha O, Kinjo N, Hokama A, Sakugawa H, Kinjo F, Fujita J, 2006. Impairment of host immune response against Strongyloides stercoralis by human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 infection. Am J Trop Med Hyg 74 :246–249.

Hirata T, Uchima N, Kishimoto K, Zaha O, Kinjo N, Hokama A, Sakugawa H, Kinjo F, Fujita J, 2006. Impairment of host immune response against Strongyloides stercoralis by human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 infection. Am J Trop Med Hyg 74: 246–249.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Hegab MH, Zamzam SM, Khater NM, Tawfeek DM, Abdel-Rahman HM, 2003. Opportunistic intestinal parasites among children with chronic liver disease. J Egypt Soc Parasitol 33 :969–977.

Hegab MH, Zamzam SM, Khater NM, Tawfeek DM, Abdel-Rahman HM, 2003. Opportunistic intestinal parasites among children with chronic liver disease. J Egypt Soc Parasitol 33: 969–977.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Gaburri D, Gaburri AK, Hubner E, Lopes MH, Ribeiro AM, de Paulo GA, Pace FH, Gaburri PD, Ornellas AT, Ferreira JO, Chebli JM, Ferreira LE, de Souza AF, 1997. Intestinal parasitosis and hepatic cirrhosis. Arq Gastroenterol 34 :7–12.

Gaburri D, Gaburri AK, Hubner E, Lopes MH, Ribeiro AM, de Paulo GA, Pace FH, Gaburri PD, Ornellas AT, Ferreira JO, Chebli JM, Ferreira LE, de Souza AF, 1997. Intestinal parasitosis and hepatic cirrhosis. Arq Gastroenterol 34: 7–12.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

de Oliveira LC, Ribeiro CT, Mendes Dde M, Oliveira TC, Costa-Cruz JM, 2002. Frequency of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in alcoholics. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 97 :119–121.

de Oliveira LC, Ribeiro CT, Mendes Dde M, Oliveira TC, Costa-Cruz JM, 2002. Frequency of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in alcoholics. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 97: 119–121.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Arakaki T, Iwanaga M, Kinjo F, Saito A, Asato R, Ikeshiro T, 1990. Efficacy of agar-plate culture in detection of Strongyloides stercoralis infection. J Parasitol 76 :425–428.

Arakaki T, Iwanaga M, Kinjo F, Saito A, Asato R, Ikeshiro T, 1990. Efficacy of agar-plate culture in detection of Strongyloides stercoralis infection. J Parasitol 76: 425–428.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Alvarez F, Berg PA, Bianchi FB, Bianchi L, Burroughs AK, Cancado EL, Chapman RW, Cooksley WGE, Czaja AJ, Desmet VJ, Donaldson PT, Eddleston ALWF, Fainboim L, Heathcote J, Homberg JC, Hoofnagle JH, Kakumu S, Krawitt EL, Mackay IR, MacSween RNM, Maddrey WC, Manns MP, McFarlane IG, Meyer zum B̈uschenfelde KH, Mieli-Vergani G, Nakanuma Y, Nishioka M, Penner E, Porta G, Portmann BC, Reed WD, Rodes J, Schalm SW, Scheuer PJ, Schrumpf E, Seki T, Toda G, Tsuji T, Tygstrup N, Vergani D, Zeniya M, 1999. International autoimmune hepatitis group report: review of criteria for diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis. J Hepatol 31 :929–938.

Alvarez F, Berg PA, Bianchi FB, Bianchi L, Burroughs AK, Cancado EL, Chapman RW, Cooksley WGE, Czaja AJ, Desmet VJ, Donaldson PT, Eddleston ALWF, Fainboim L, Heathcote J, Homberg JC, Hoofnagle JH, Kakumu S, Krawitt EL, Mackay IR, MacSween RNM, Maddrey WC, Manns MP, McFarlane IG, Meyer zum B̈uschenfelde KH, Mieli-Vergani G, Nakanuma Y, Nishioka M, Penner E, Porta G, Portmann BC, Reed WD, Rodes J, Schalm SW, Scheuer PJ, Schrumpf E, Seki T, Toda G, Tsuji T, Tygstrup N, Vergani D, Zeniya M, 1999. International autoimmune hepatitis group report: review of criteria for diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis. J Hepatol 31: 929–938.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Asato R, Nakasone T, Yoshida C, Arakaki T, Ikeshiro T, Murakami H, Sakiyama H, 1992. Current status of Strongyloides infection in Okinawa, Japan. Jpn J Trop Med Hyg 20 :169–173.

Asato R, Nakasone T, Yoshida C, Arakaki T, Ikeshiro T, Murakami H, Sakiyama H, 1992. Current status of Strongyloides infection in Okinawa, Japan. Jpn J Trop Med Hyg 20: 169–173.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Hayashi J, Kishihara Y, Yoshimura E, Furusyo N, Yamaji K, Kawakami Y, Murakami H, Kashiwagi S, 1997. Correlation between human T cell lymphotropic virus type-1 and Strongyloides stercoralis infections and serum immunoglobulin E responses in residents of Okinawa, Japan. Am J Trop Med Hyg 56 :71–75.

Hayashi J, Kishihara Y, Yoshimura E, Furusyo N, Yamaji K, Kawakami Y, Murakami H, Kashiwagi S, 1997. Correlation between human T cell lymphotropic virus type-1 and Strongyloides stercoralis infections and serum immunoglobulin E responses in residents of Okinawa, Japan. Am J Trop Med Hyg 56: 71–75.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Elliott DE, Urban JF Jr, Argo CK, Weinstock JV, 2000. Does the failure to acquire helminthic parasites predispose to Crohn’s disease? FASEB J 14 :1848–1855.

Elliott DE, Urban JF Jr, Argo CK, Weinstock JV, 2000. Does the failure to acquire helminthic parasites predispose to Crohn’s disease? FASEB J 14: 1848–1855.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Hunter MM, McKay DM, 2004. Review article: Helminths as therapeutic agents for inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 19 :167–177.

Hunter MM, McKay DM, 2004. Review article: Helminths as therapeutic agents for inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 19: 167–177.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Zaccone P, Fehervari Z, Jones FM, Sidobre S, Kronenberg M, Dunne DW, Cooke A, 2003. Schistosoma mansoni antigens modulate the activity of the innate immune response and prevent onset of type 1 diabetes. Eur J Immunol 33 :1439–1449.

Zaccone P, Fehervari Z, Jones FM, Sidobre S, Kronenberg M, Dunne DW, Cooke A, 2003. Schistosoma mansoni antigens modulate the activity of the innate immune response and prevent onset of type 1 diabetes. Eur J Immunol 33: 1439–1449.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Sewell D, Qing Z, Reinke E, Elliot D, Weinstock J, Sandor M, Fabry Z, 2003. Immunomodulation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by helminth ova immunization. Int Immunol 15 :59–69.

Sewell D, Qing Z, Reinke E, Elliot D, Weinstock J, Sandor M, Fabry Z, 2003. Immunomodulation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by helminth ova immunization. Int Immunol 15: 59–69.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Yazdanbakhsh M, van den Biggelaar A, Maizels RM, 2001. Th2 responses without atopy: immunoregulation in chronic helminth infections and reduced allergic disease. Trends Immunol 22 :372–377.

Yazdanbakhsh M, van den Biggelaar A, Maizels RM, 2001. Th2 responses without atopy: immunoregulation in chronic helminth infections and reduced allergic disease. Trends Immunol 22: 372–377.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Porto AF, Neva FA, Bittencourt H, Lisboa W, Thompson R, Alcantara L, Carvalho EM, 2001. HTLV-1 decreases Th2 type of immune response in patients with strongyloidiasis. Parasite Immunol 23 :503–507.

Porto AF, Neva FA, Bittencourt H, Lisboa W, Thompson R, Alcantara L, Carvalho EM, 2001. HTLV-1 decreases Th2 type of immune response in patients with strongyloidiasis. Parasite Immunol 23: 503–507.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Mosmann TR, Sad S, 1996. The expanding universe of T-cell subsets: Th1, Th2 and more. Immunol Today 17 :138–146.

Mosmann TR, Sad S, 1996. The expanding universe of T-cell subsets: Th1, Th2 and more. Immunol Today 17: 138–146.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Doetze A, Satoguina J, Burchard G, Rau T, Loliger C, Fleischer B, Hoerauf A, 2000. Antigen-specific cellular hyporesponsiveness in a chronic human helminth infection is mediated by T(h)3/T(r)1-type cytokines IL-10 and transforming growth factor-beta but not by a T(h)1 to T(h)2 shift. Int Immunol 12 :623–630.

Doetze A, Satoguina J, Burchard G, Rau T, Loliger C, Fleischer B, Hoerauf A, 2000. Antigen-specific cellular hyporesponsiveness in a chronic human helminth infection is mediated by T(h)3/T(r)1-type cytokines IL-10 and transforming growth factor-beta but not by a T(h)1 to T(h)2 shift. Int Immunol 12: 623–630.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Harada K, Van de Water J, Leung PS, Coppel RL, Ansari A, Nakanuma Y, Gershwin ME, 1997. In situ nucleic acid hybridization of cytokines in primary biliary cirrhosis: predominance of the Th1 subset. Hepatology 25 :791–796.

Harada K, Van de Water J, Leung PS, Coppel RL, Ansari A, Nakanuma Y, Gershwin ME, 1997. In situ nucleic acid hybridization of cytokines in primary biliary cirrhosis: predominance of the Th1 subset. Hepatology 25: 791–796.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Nagano T, Yamamoto K, Matsumoto S, Okamoto R, Tagashira M, Ibuki N, Matsumura S, Yabushita K, Okano N, Tsuji T, 1999. Cytokine profile in the liver of primary biliary cirrhosis. J Clin Immunol 19 :422–427.

Nagano T, Yamamoto K, Matsumoto S, Okamoto R, Tagashira M, Ibuki N, Matsumura S, Yabushita K, Okano N, Tsuji T, 1999. Cytokine profile in the liver of primary biliary cirrhosis. J Clin Immunol 19: 422–427.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Martinez OM, Villanueva JC, Gershwin ME, Krams SM, 1995. Cytokine patterns and cytotoxic mediators in primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology 21 :113–119.

Martinez OM, Villanueva JC, Gershwin ME, Krams SM, 1995. Cytokine patterns and cytotoxic mediators in primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology 21: 113–119.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Shindo M, Mullin GE, Braun-Elwert L, Bergasa NV, Jones EA, James SP, 1996. Cytokine mRNA expression in the liver of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Clin Exp Immunol 105 :254–259.

Shindo M, Mullin GE, Braun-Elwert L, Bergasa NV, Jones EA, James SP, 1996. Cytokine mRNA expression in the liver of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Clin Exp Immunol 105: 254–259.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Gershwin ME, Ansari AA, Mackay IR, Nakanuma Y, Nishio A, Rowley MJ, Coppel RL, 2000. Primary biliary cirrhosis: An orchestrated immune response against epithelial cells. Immunol Rev 174 :210–225.

Gershwin ME, Ansari AA, Mackay IR, Nakanuma Y, Nishio A, Rowley MJ, Coppel RL, 2000. Primary biliary cirrhosis: An orchestrated immune response against epithelial cells. Immunol Rev 174: 210–225.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Longhi MS, Ma Y, Bogdanos DP, Cheeseman P, Mieli-Vergani G, Vergani D, 2004. Impairment of CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T-cells in autoimmune liver disease. J Hepatol 41 :31–37.

Longhi MS, Ma Y, Bogdanos DP, Cheeseman P, Mieli-Vergani G, Vergani D, 2004. Impairment of CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T-cells in autoimmune liver disease. J Hepatol 41: 31–37.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation