Author:
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1
Hay SI, Packer MJ, Rogers DJ, 1997. The impact of remote sensing on the study and control of invertebrate intermediate hosts and vectors for disease. Int J Remote Sens 18 :2899–2930.
-
2
Rogers DJ, Randolph SE, Snow RW, Hay SI, 2002. Satellite imagery in the study and forecast of malaria. Nature 415 :710–715.
-
3
Craig MH, Snow RW, le Sueur D, 1999. A climate-based distribution model of malaria transmission in sub-Saharan Africa. Parasitol Today 15 :105–111.
-
4
Diuk-Wasser MA, Bagayoko M, Sogoba N, Dolo G, Toure MB, Traore SF, Taylor CE, 2004. Mapping rice field anopheline breeding habitats in Mali, West Africa, using LANDSAT ETM+ sensor data. Int J Remote Sens 25 :359–376.
-
5
Hay SI, Snow RW, Rogers DJ, 1998. Predicting malaria seasons in Kenya using multitemporal meteorological satellite sensor data. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 92 :12–20.
-
6
Snow RW, Craig MH, Deichmann U, le Sueur D, 1999. A preliminary continental risk map for malaria mortality among African children. Parasitol Today 15 :99–104.
-
7
Thomas CJ, Lindsay SW, 2000. Local-scale variation in malaria infection amongst rural Gambian children estimated by satellite remote sensing. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 94 :159–163.
-
8
Beck LR, Rodriguez MH, Dister SW, Rodriguez AD, Rejmankova E, Ulloa A, Meza RA, Roberts DR, Paris JF, Spanner MA, Washino RK, Hacker C, Legters LJ, 1994. Remote-sensing as a landscape epidemiologic tool to identify villages at high-risk for malaria transmission. Am J Trop Med Hyg 51 :271–280.
-
9
Beck LR, Rodriguez MH, Dister SW, Rodriguez AD, Washino RK, Roberts DR, Spanner MA, 1997. Assessment of a remote sensing-based model for predicting malaria transmission risk in villages of Chiapas, Mexico. Am J Trop Med Hyg 56 :99–106.
-
10
Gleiser RM, Gorla DE, Almeida FFL, 1997. Monitoring the abundance of Aedes (Ochlerotatus) albifasciatus (Macquart 1838) (Diptera: Culicidae) to the south of Mar Chiquita Lake, central Argentina, with the aid of remote sensing. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 91 :917–926.
-
11
Rejmankova E, Roberts DR, Pawley A, Manguin S, Polanco J, 1995. Predictions of adult Anopheles albimanus densities in villages based on distances to remotely-sensed larval habitats. Am J Trop Med Hyg 53 :482–488.
-
12
Roberts DR, Paris JF, Manguin S, Harbach RE, Woodruff R, Rejmankova E, Polanco J, Wullschleger B, Legters LJ, 1996. Predictions of malaria vector distribution in Belize based on multispectral satellite data. Am J Trop Med Hyg 54 :304–308.
-
13
Nihei N, Hashida Y, Kobayashi M, Ishii A, 2002. Analysis of malaria endemic areas on the Indochina Peninsula using remote sensing. Jpn J Infect Dis 55 :160–166.
-
14
Sharma VP, Nagpal BN, Srivastava A, Adiga S, Manavalan P, 1996. Estimation of larval production in Sanjay Lake and its surrounding ponds in Delhi, India using remote sensing technology. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 27 :834–840.
-
15
Alonso PL, Lindsay SW, Schellenberg J, Gomez P, Hill AG, David PH, Fegan G, Cham K, Greenwood BM, 1993. A malaria control trial using insecticide-treated bed nets and targeted chemoprophylaxis in a rural area of The Gambia, West Africa. 2. Mortality and morbidity from malaria in the study area. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 87 :13–17.
-
16
Greenwood BM, 1989. The microepidemiology of malaria and its importance to malaria control. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 83 :25–29.
-
17
Julvez J, Mouchet J, Michault A, Fouta A, Hamidine M, 1997. Ecoepidemiology of malaria in the river valley, Republic of Niger. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 90 :94–100.
-
18
Thomson M, Connor S, Bennett S, Dalessandro U, Milligan P, Aikins M, Langerock P, Jawara M, Greenwood B, 1996. Geographical perspectives on bednet use and malaria transmission in The Gambia, West Africa. Soc Sci Med 43 :101–112.
-
19
Toure YT, Traore SF, Sankare O, Sow MY, Coulibaly A, Esposito F, Petrarca V, 1996. Perennial transmission of malaria by the Anopheles gambiae complex in a North Sudan savanna area of Mali. Med Vet Entomol 10 :197–199.
-
20
Trape JF, Rogier C, Konate L, Diagne N, Bouganali H, Canque B, Legros F, Badji A, Ndiaye G, Ndiaye P, Brahimi K, Faye O, Druilhe P, Dasilva LP, 1994. The Dielmo Project: a longitudinal study of natural malaria infection and the mechanisms of protective immunity in a community living in a holoendemic area of Senegal. Am J Trop Med Hyg 51 :123–137.
-
21
Vercruysse J, 1985. Entomological study on the transmission of human malaria in the Senegal River basin, West Africa. Ann Soc Belg Med Trop 65 :171–179.
-
22
Bøgh C, 1999. Variation in Malaria Transmission in Rural Gambia [Ph.D. dissertation]. Copenhagen: University of Copenhagen, 118 p.
-
23
Bøgh C, Clarke SE, Jawara M, Thomas CJ, Lindsay SW, 2003. Localized breeding of the Anopheles gambiae complex (Diptera: Culicidae) along the River Gambia, West Africa. Bull Entomol Res 93 :279–287.
-
24
Clarke SE, Bogh C, Brown RC, Walraven GEL, Thomas CJ, Lindsay SW, 2002. Risk of malaria attacks in Gambian children is greater away from malaria vector breeding sites. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 96 :499–506.
-
25
Trolldalen JM, 1991. On the fringe: a systems approach to the evolution of the environment and agricultural production in The Gambia, West Africa, 1948–1983. NORAGRIC Occasional Series C: Development and Environment. Oslo, Norway: University of Oslo, vol. 10.
-
26
Lindsay SW, Alonso PL, Schellenberg J, Hemingway J, Thomas PJ, Shenton FC, Greenwood BM, 1993. A malaria control trial using insecticide-treated bed nets and targeted chemoprophylaxis in a rural area of The Gambia, West Africa. 3. Entomological characteristics of the study area. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 87 :19–23.
-
27
Bryan JH, 1983. Anopheles gambiae and An. melas at Brefet, The Gambia, and their role in malaria transmission. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 77 :1–12.
-
28
Gillies MT, Coetzee M, 1987. Supplement to The Anophelinae of Africa South of the Sahara. Johannesburg, South Africa: South African Institute for Medical Research, 55:1–139.
-
29
Bradley AK, Greenwood AM, Byass P, Greenwood BM, Marsh K, Tulloch S, Hayes R, 1986. Bed nets (mosquito nets) and morbidity from malaria. Lancet 2 :204–207.
-
30
Thomson MC, Dalessandro U, Bennett S, Connor SJ, Langerock P, Jawara M, Todd J, Greenwood BM, 1994. Malaria prevalence is inversely related to vector density in The Gambia, West Africa. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 88 :638–643.
-
31
Bøgh C, Clarke SE, Pinder M, Sanyang F, Lindsay SW, 2001. Effect of passive zooprophylaxis on malaria transmission in the Gambia. J Med Entomol 38 :822–828.
-
32
Bøgh C, Clarke SE, Walraven GEL, Lindsay SW, 2002. Zooprophylaxis, artefact or reality? A paired-cohort study of the effect of passive zooprophylaxis on malaria in The Gambia. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 96 :593–596.
-
33
Clarke SE, Bogh C, Brown RC, Pinder M, Walraven GEL, Lindsay SW, 2001. Do untreated bednets protect against malaria? Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 95 :457–462.
-
34
DOS, 1975. The Gambia. Tolworth, Surrey, England: Directorate of Overseas Surveys.
-
35
Lines JD, Curtis CF, Wilkes TJ, Njunwa KJ, 1991. Monitoring human-biting mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in Tanzania with light traps hung beside mosquito nets. Bull Entomol Res 81 :77–84.
-
36
Wirtz RA, Burkot TR, Graves PM, Andre RG, 1987. Field-evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax sporozoites in mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae) from Papua New Guinea. J Med Entomol 24 :433–437.
-
37
Congalton RG, 1991. A review of assessing the accuracy of classifications of remotely sensed data. Remote Sens Environ 37 :35–46.
-
38
Sawada M, 1999. Rookcase: an Excel 97/2000 Visual Basic (VB) add-in for exploring global and local spatial autocorrelation. Bull Ecol Soc Amer 80 :231–234.
-
39
Lindsay SW, Shenton FC, Snow RW, Greenwood BM, 1989. Responses of Anopheles gambiae complex mosquitoes to the use of untreated bednets in The Gambia. Med Vet Entomol 3 :253–262.
-
40
Diuk-Wasser MA, Dolo G, Bagayoko M, Sogoba N, Toure MB, Moghaddam M, Manoukis N, Rian S, Traore SF, Taylor CE, 2006. Patterns of irrigated rice growth and malaria vector breeding in Mali using multi-temporal ERS-2 synthetic aperture radar. Int J Remote Sens 27 :535–548.
-
41
Kaya S, Sokol J, Pultz TJ, 2004. Monitoring environmental indicators of vector-borne disease from space: a new opportunity for RADARSAT-2. Can J Remote Sens 30 :560–565.
-
42
Pope K, Masuoka P, Rejmankova E, Grieco J, Johnson S, Roberts D, 2005. Mosquito habitats, land use, and malaria risk in Belize from satellite imagery. Ecol Appl 15 :1223–1232.
-
43
Thomson MC, Connor SJ, Quinones ML, Jawara M, Todd J, Greenwood BM, 1995. Movement of Anopheles gambiae s.l. malaria vectors between villages in The Gambia. Med Vet Entomol 9 :413–419.
-
44
Costantini C, Li SG, DellaTorre A, Sagnon N, Coluzzi M, Taylor CE, 1996. Density, survival and dispersal of Anopheles gambiae complex mosquitoes in a West African Sudan savannah village. Med Vet Entomol 10 :203–219.
-
45
Trape JF, Lefebvrezante E, Legros F, Ndiaye G, Bouganali H, Druilhe P, Salem G, 1992. Vector density gradients and the epidemiology of urban malaria in Dakar, Senegal. Am J Trop Med Hyg 47 :181–189.
-
46
Manga L, Fondjo E, Carnevale P, Robert V, 1993. Importance of low-dispersion of Anopheles gambiae (Diptera, Culicidae) on malaria transmission in hilly towns in South Cameroon. J Med Entomol 30 :936–938.
-
47
Balls MJ, Bodker R, Thomas CJ, Kisinza W, Msangeni HA, Lindsay SW, 2004. Effect of topography on the risk of malaria infection in the Usambara Mountains, Tanzania. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 98 :400–408.
-
48
Bodker R, Akida J, Shayo D, Kisinza W, Msangeni HA, Pedersen EM, Lindsay SW, 2003. Relationship between altitude and intensity of malaria transmission in the Usambara Mountains, Tanzania. J Med Entomol 40 :706–717.
-
49
Aikins MK, Pickering H, Alonso PL, Dalessandro U, Lindsay SW, Todd J, Greenwood BM, 1993. A malaria control trial using insecticide-treated bed nets and targeted chemoprophylaxis in a rural area of The Gambia, West Africa. 4. Perceptions of the causes of malaria and of its treatment and prevention in the study area. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 87 :25–30.
-
50
Petrarca V, Vercruysse J, Coluzzi M, 1987. Observations on the Anopheles–gambiae complex in the Senegal River Basin, West Africa. Med Vet Entomol 1 :303–312.
-
51
Robert V, Ouari B, Ouedraogo V, Carnevale P, 1988. Ecological study of adult and larval Culicidae in a rice field of the Kou Valley, Burkina Faso. Acta Trop 45 :351–359.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 22 | 22 | 5 |
| Full Text Views | 574 | 306 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 132 | 42 | 0 |
HIGH SPATIAL RESOLUTION MAPPING OF MALARIA TRANSMISSION RISK IN THE GAMBIA, WEST AFRICA, USING LANDSAT TM SATELLITE IMAGERY
CLAUS BØGH
CLAUS BØGH
DBL-Institute for Health Research and Development, Charlottenlund, Denmark; School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Bedford Square, London, United Kingdom; Hatfield Consultants, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Medical Research Council Laboratories, Fajara, The Gambia
Search for other papers by CLAUS BØGH in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by CLAUS BØGH in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
STEVEN W. LINDSAY
STEVEN W. LINDSAY
DBL-Institute for Health Research and Development, Charlottenlund, Denmark; School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Bedford Square, London, United Kingdom; Hatfield Consultants, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Medical Research Council Laboratories, Fajara, The Gambia
Search for other papers by STEVEN W. LINDSAY in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by STEVEN W. LINDSAY in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
SIÂN E. CLARKE
SIÂN E. CLARKE
DBL-Institute for Health Research and Development, Charlottenlund, Denmark; School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Bedford Square, London, United Kingdom; Hatfield Consultants, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Medical Research Council Laboratories, Fajara, The Gambia
Search for other papers by SIÂN E. CLARKE in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by SIÂN E. CLARKE in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
ANDY DEAN
ANDY DEAN
DBL-Institute for Health Research and Development, Charlottenlund, Denmark; School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Bedford Square, London, United Kingdom; Hatfield Consultants, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Medical Research Council Laboratories, Fajara, The Gambia
Search for other papers by ANDY DEAN in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by ANDY DEAN in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
MUSA JAWARA
MUSA JAWARA
DBL-Institute for Health Research and Development, Charlottenlund, Denmark; School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Bedford Square, London, United Kingdom; Hatfield Consultants, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Medical Research Council Laboratories, Fajara, The Gambia
Search for other papers by MUSA JAWARA in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by MUSA JAWARA in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
MARGARET PINDER
MARGARET PINDER
DBL-Institute for Health Research and Development, Charlottenlund, Denmark; School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Bedford Square, London, United Kingdom; Hatfield Consultants, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Medical Research Council Laboratories, Fajara, The Gambia
Search for other papers by MARGARET PINDER in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by MARGARET PINDER in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
CHRISTOPHER J. THOMAS
CHRISTOPHER J. THOMAS
DBL-Institute for Health Research and Development, Charlottenlund, Denmark; School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Bedford Square, London, United Kingdom; Hatfield Consultants, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Medical Research Council Laboratories, Fajara, The Gambia
Search for other papers by CHRISTOPHER J. THOMAS in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by CHRISTOPHER J. THOMAS in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Understanding local variability in malaria transmission risk is critically important when designing intervention or vaccine trials. Using a combination of field data, satellite image analysis, and GIS modeling, we developed a high-resolution map of malaria entomological inoculation rates (EIR) in The Gambia, West Africa. The analyses are based on the variation in exposure to malaria parasites experienced in 48 villages in 1996 and 21 villages in 1997. The entomological inoculation rate (EIR) varied from 0 to 166 infective bites per person per rainy season. Detailed field surveys identified the major Anopheles gambiae s.l. breeding habitats. These habitats were mapped by classification of a LANDSAT TM satellite image with an overall accuracy of 85%. Village EIRs decreased as a power function based on the breeding areas size and proximity. We use this relationship and the breeding habitats to map the variation in EIR over the entire 2500-km2 study area.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1
Hay SI, Packer MJ, Rogers DJ, 1997. The impact of remote sensing on the study and control of invertebrate intermediate hosts and vectors for disease. Int J Remote Sens 18 :2899–2930.
-
2
Rogers DJ, Randolph SE, Snow RW, Hay SI, 2002. Satellite imagery in the study and forecast of malaria. Nature 415 :710–715.
-
3
Craig MH, Snow RW, le Sueur D, 1999. A climate-based distribution model of malaria transmission in sub-Saharan Africa. Parasitol Today 15 :105–111.
-
4
Diuk-Wasser MA, Bagayoko M, Sogoba N, Dolo G, Toure MB, Traore SF, Taylor CE, 2004. Mapping rice field anopheline breeding habitats in Mali, West Africa, using LANDSAT ETM+ sensor data. Int J Remote Sens 25 :359–376.
-
5
Hay SI, Snow RW, Rogers DJ, 1998. Predicting malaria seasons in Kenya using multitemporal meteorological satellite sensor data. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 92 :12–20.
-
6
Snow RW, Craig MH, Deichmann U, le Sueur D, 1999. A preliminary continental risk map for malaria mortality among African children. Parasitol Today 15 :99–104.
-
7
Thomas CJ, Lindsay SW, 2000. Local-scale variation in malaria infection amongst rural Gambian children estimated by satellite remote sensing. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 94 :159–163.
-
8
Beck LR, Rodriguez MH, Dister SW, Rodriguez AD, Rejmankova E, Ulloa A, Meza RA, Roberts DR, Paris JF, Spanner MA, Washino RK, Hacker C, Legters LJ, 1994. Remote-sensing as a landscape epidemiologic tool to identify villages at high-risk for malaria transmission. Am J Trop Med Hyg 51 :271–280.
-
9
Beck LR, Rodriguez MH, Dister SW, Rodriguez AD, Washino RK, Roberts DR, Spanner MA, 1997. Assessment of a remote sensing-based model for predicting malaria transmission risk in villages of Chiapas, Mexico. Am J Trop Med Hyg 56 :99–106.
-
10
Gleiser RM, Gorla DE, Almeida FFL, 1997. Monitoring the abundance of Aedes (Ochlerotatus) albifasciatus (Macquart 1838) (Diptera: Culicidae) to the south of Mar Chiquita Lake, central Argentina, with the aid of remote sensing. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 91 :917–926.
-
11
Rejmankova E, Roberts DR, Pawley A, Manguin S, Polanco J, 1995. Predictions of adult Anopheles albimanus densities in villages based on distances to remotely-sensed larval habitats. Am J Trop Med Hyg 53 :482–488.
-
12
Roberts DR, Paris JF, Manguin S, Harbach RE, Woodruff R, Rejmankova E, Polanco J, Wullschleger B, Legters LJ, 1996. Predictions of malaria vector distribution in Belize based on multispectral satellite data. Am J Trop Med Hyg 54 :304–308.
-
13
Nihei N, Hashida Y, Kobayashi M, Ishii A, 2002. Analysis of malaria endemic areas on the Indochina Peninsula using remote sensing. Jpn J Infect Dis 55 :160–166.
-
14
Sharma VP, Nagpal BN, Srivastava A, Adiga S, Manavalan P, 1996. Estimation of larval production in Sanjay Lake and its surrounding ponds in Delhi, India using remote sensing technology. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 27 :834–840.
-
15
Alonso PL, Lindsay SW, Schellenberg J, Gomez P, Hill AG, David PH, Fegan G, Cham K, Greenwood BM, 1993. A malaria control trial using insecticide-treated bed nets and targeted chemoprophylaxis in a rural area of The Gambia, West Africa. 2. Mortality and morbidity from malaria in the study area. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 87 :13–17.
-
16
Greenwood BM, 1989. The microepidemiology of malaria and its importance to malaria control. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 83 :25–29.
-
17
Julvez J, Mouchet J, Michault A, Fouta A, Hamidine M, 1997. Ecoepidemiology of malaria in the river valley, Republic of Niger. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 90 :94–100.
-
18
Thomson M, Connor S, Bennett S, Dalessandro U, Milligan P, Aikins M, Langerock P, Jawara M, Greenwood B, 1996. Geographical perspectives on bednet use and malaria transmission in The Gambia, West Africa. Soc Sci Med 43 :101–112.
-
19
Toure YT, Traore SF, Sankare O, Sow MY, Coulibaly A, Esposito F, Petrarca V, 1996. Perennial transmission of malaria by the Anopheles gambiae complex in a North Sudan savanna area of Mali. Med Vet Entomol 10 :197–199.
-
20
Trape JF, Rogier C, Konate L, Diagne N, Bouganali H, Canque B, Legros F, Badji A, Ndiaye G, Ndiaye P, Brahimi K, Faye O, Druilhe P, Dasilva LP, 1994. The Dielmo Project: a longitudinal study of natural malaria infection and the mechanisms of protective immunity in a community living in a holoendemic area of Senegal. Am J Trop Med Hyg 51 :123–137.
-
21
Vercruysse J, 1985. Entomological study on the transmission of human malaria in the Senegal River basin, West Africa. Ann Soc Belg Med Trop 65 :171–179.
-
22
Bøgh C, 1999. Variation in Malaria Transmission in Rural Gambia [Ph.D. dissertation]. Copenhagen: University of Copenhagen, 118 p.
-
23
Bøgh C, Clarke SE, Jawara M, Thomas CJ, Lindsay SW, 2003. Localized breeding of the Anopheles gambiae complex (Diptera: Culicidae) along the River Gambia, West Africa. Bull Entomol Res 93 :279–287.
-
24
Clarke SE, Bogh C, Brown RC, Walraven GEL, Thomas CJ, Lindsay SW, 2002. Risk of malaria attacks in Gambian children is greater away from malaria vector breeding sites. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 96 :499–506.
-
25
Trolldalen JM, 1991. On the fringe: a systems approach to the evolution of the environment and agricultural production in The Gambia, West Africa, 1948–1983. NORAGRIC Occasional Series C: Development and Environment. Oslo, Norway: University of Oslo, vol. 10.
-
26
Lindsay SW, Alonso PL, Schellenberg J, Hemingway J, Thomas PJ, Shenton FC, Greenwood BM, 1993. A malaria control trial using insecticide-treated bed nets and targeted chemoprophylaxis in a rural area of The Gambia, West Africa. 3. Entomological characteristics of the study area. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 87 :19–23.
-
27
Bryan JH, 1983. Anopheles gambiae and An. melas at Brefet, The Gambia, and their role in malaria transmission. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 77 :1–12.
-
28
Gillies MT, Coetzee M, 1987. Supplement to The Anophelinae of Africa South of the Sahara. Johannesburg, South Africa: South African Institute for Medical Research, 55:1–139.
-
29
Bradley AK, Greenwood AM, Byass P, Greenwood BM, Marsh K, Tulloch S, Hayes R, 1986. Bed nets (mosquito nets) and morbidity from malaria. Lancet 2 :204–207.
-
30
Thomson MC, Dalessandro U, Bennett S, Connor SJ, Langerock P, Jawara M, Todd J, Greenwood BM, 1994. Malaria prevalence is inversely related to vector density in The Gambia, West Africa. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 88 :638–643.
-
31
Bøgh C, Clarke SE, Pinder M, Sanyang F, Lindsay SW, 2001. Effect of passive zooprophylaxis on malaria transmission in the Gambia. J Med Entomol 38 :822–828.
-
32
Bøgh C, Clarke SE, Walraven GEL, Lindsay SW, 2002. Zooprophylaxis, artefact or reality? A paired-cohort study of the effect of passive zooprophylaxis on malaria in The Gambia. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 96 :593–596.
-
33
Clarke SE, Bogh C, Brown RC, Pinder M, Walraven GEL, Lindsay SW, 2001. Do untreated bednets protect against malaria? Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 95 :457–462.
-
34
DOS, 1975. The Gambia. Tolworth, Surrey, England: Directorate of Overseas Surveys.
-
35
Lines JD, Curtis CF, Wilkes TJ, Njunwa KJ, 1991. Monitoring human-biting mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in Tanzania with light traps hung beside mosquito nets. Bull Entomol Res 81 :77–84.
-
36
Wirtz RA, Burkot TR, Graves PM, Andre RG, 1987. Field-evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax sporozoites in mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae) from Papua New Guinea. J Med Entomol 24 :433–437.
-
37
Congalton RG, 1991. A review of assessing the accuracy of classifications of remotely sensed data. Remote Sens Environ 37 :35–46.
-
38
Sawada M, 1999. Rookcase: an Excel 97/2000 Visual Basic (VB) add-in for exploring global and local spatial autocorrelation. Bull Ecol Soc Amer 80 :231–234.
-
39
Lindsay SW, Shenton FC, Snow RW, Greenwood BM, 1989. Responses of Anopheles gambiae complex mosquitoes to the use of untreated bednets in The Gambia. Med Vet Entomol 3 :253–262.
-
40
Diuk-Wasser MA, Dolo G, Bagayoko M, Sogoba N, Toure MB, Moghaddam M, Manoukis N, Rian S, Traore SF, Taylor CE, 2006. Patterns of irrigated rice growth and malaria vector breeding in Mali using multi-temporal ERS-2 synthetic aperture radar. Int J Remote Sens 27 :535–548.
-
41
Kaya S, Sokol J, Pultz TJ, 2004. Monitoring environmental indicators of vector-borne disease from space: a new opportunity for RADARSAT-2. Can J Remote Sens 30 :560–565.
-
42
Pope K, Masuoka P, Rejmankova E, Grieco J, Johnson S, Roberts D, 2005. Mosquito habitats, land use, and malaria risk in Belize from satellite imagery. Ecol Appl 15 :1223–1232.
-
43
Thomson MC, Connor SJ, Quinones ML, Jawara M, Todd J, Greenwood BM, 1995. Movement of Anopheles gambiae s.l. malaria vectors between villages in The Gambia. Med Vet Entomol 9 :413–419.
-
44
Costantini C, Li SG, DellaTorre A, Sagnon N, Coluzzi M, Taylor CE, 1996. Density, survival and dispersal of Anopheles gambiae complex mosquitoes in a West African Sudan savannah village. Med Vet Entomol 10 :203–219.
-
45
Trape JF, Lefebvrezante E, Legros F, Ndiaye G, Bouganali H, Druilhe P, Salem G, 1992. Vector density gradients and the epidemiology of urban malaria in Dakar, Senegal. Am J Trop Med Hyg 47 :181–189.
-
46
Manga L, Fondjo E, Carnevale P, Robert V, 1993. Importance of low-dispersion of Anopheles gambiae (Diptera, Culicidae) on malaria transmission in hilly towns in South Cameroon. J Med Entomol 30 :936–938.
-
47
Balls MJ, Bodker R, Thomas CJ, Kisinza W, Msangeni HA, Lindsay SW, 2004. Effect of topography on the risk of malaria infection in the Usambara Mountains, Tanzania. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 98 :400–408.
-
48
Bodker R, Akida J, Shayo D, Kisinza W, Msangeni HA, Pedersen EM, Lindsay SW, 2003. Relationship between altitude and intensity of malaria transmission in the Usambara Mountains, Tanzania. J Med Entomol 40 :706–717.
-
49
Aikins MK, Pickering H, Alonso PL, Dalessandro U, Lindsay SW, Todd J, Greenwood BM, 1993. A malaria control trial using insecticide-treated bed nets and targeted chemoprophylaxis in a rural area of The Gambia, West Africa. 4. Perceptions of the causes of malaria and of its treatment and prevention in the study area. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 87 :25–30.
-
50
Petrarca V, Vercruysse J, Coluzzi M, 1987. Observations on the Anopheles–gambiae complex in the Senegal River Basin, West Africa. Med Vet Entomol 1 :303–312.
-
51
Robert V, Ouari B, Ouedraogo V, Carnevale P, 1988. Ecological study of adult and larval Culicidae in a rice field of the Kou Valley, Burkina Faso. Acta Trop 45 :351–359.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 22 | 22 | 5 |
| Full Text Views | 574 | 306 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 132 | 42 | 0 |