Author:
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1
CDC, 2002. Rift Valley fever. Viral hemorrhagic fevers: fact sheets, 1–3.
-
2
Isaacson M, 2001. Viral hemorrhagic fever hazards for travelers in Africa. Clin Infect Dis 33 :1707–1712.
-
3
WHO, 2000. Rift Valley fever. WHO Fact Sheet No. 207, 1–5.
-
4
Laughlin LW, Meegan JM, Strausbaugh LJ, 1979. Epidemic Rift Valley fever in Egypt: observations of the spectrum of human illness. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 73 :630–633.
-
5
Peters CJ, 2002. The role of antivirals in responding to biological threats. Knobler SL, Mahmoud AAF, Pray LA, eds. Biological Threats and Terrorism: Assessing the Science and Response Capabilities. Washington: National Academy Press, 119–130.
-
6
Peters CJ, Spertzel R, Patrick W, 2002. Aerosol technology and biological weapons. Knobler SL, Mahmoud AAF, Pray LA, eds. Biological Threats and Terrorism: Assessing the Science and Response Capabilities. Washington: National Academy Press, 66–77.
-
7
CDC, 2000. Outbreak of Rift Valley fever—Yemen, August–October 2000. MMWR 49 :1065–1066.
-
8
Woods CW, Karpati AM, Grein T, McCarthy N, Gaturuku P, Muchiri E, Dunster L, Henderson A, Khan AS, Swanepoel R, Bonmarin I, Martin L, Mann P, Smoak BL, Ryan M, Ksiazek TG, Arthur RR, Ndikuyeze A, Agata NN, Peters CJ, Hemorrhagic Fever Task Force WHO, 2002. An outbreak of Rift Valley Fever in Northeastern Kenya, 1997–98. Emerg Infect Dis 8 :138–144.
-
9
Linthicum KJ, Davies FG, Kairo A, Bailey CL, 1985. Rift Valley fever virus (family Bunyaviridae, genus Phlebovirus): isolations from Diptera collected during an interepizootic period in Kenya. J Hyg (Lond) 95 :197–209.
-
10
Davies FG, Highton RB, 1980. Possible vectors for Rift Valley fever in Kenya. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 74 :815–825.
-
11
Davies FG, Linthicum KJ, James AD, 1985. Rainfall and epizootic Rift Valley Fever. Bull World Health Organ 63 :941–943.
-
12
John CC, Sumba PO, Ouma JH, Nahlen BL, King CL, Kazura JW, 2000. Cytokine responses to Plasmodium falciparum liver-stage antigen 1 vary in rainy and dry seasons in highland Kenya. Infect Immun 68 :5198–5204.
-
13
Bogh C, Pedersen EM, Mukoko DA, Ouma JH, 1998. Permethrin-impregnated bednet effects on resting and feeding behaviour of lymphatic filariasis vector mosquitoes in Kenya. Med Vet Entomol 12 :52–59.
-
14
Peters CJ, 1997. Emergence of Rift Valley fever. Saluzzo JF, Dodet B, eds. Factors in the Emergence of Arboviruses. Paris: Elsevier, 253–264.
-
15
CDC, 2000. Update: Outbreak of Rift Valley Fever—Saudi Arabia, August–November 2000. MMWR 49 :982–985.
-
16
Bowen MD, Trappier SG, Sanchez AJ, Meyer RF, Goldsmith CS, Zaki SR, Dunster L, Peters CJ, Ksiazek TG, Nichol ST, Task Force RVF, 2001. A reassortant Bunyavirus isolated from acute hemorrhagic fever cases in Kenya and Somalia. Virology 291 :185–190.
-
17
Shears P, 2000. Communicable disease surveillance with limited resources: the scope to link human and veterinary programmes. Acta Trop 76 :3–7.
-
18
King CL, Malhotra I, Mungai P, Wamachi A, Kioko J, Muchiri E, Ouma JH, 2001. Schistosoma haematobium-induced urinary tract morbidity correlates with increased tumor necrosis factor-alpha and diminished interleukin-10 production. J Infect Dis 184 :1176–1182.
-
19
Niklasson B, Peters CJ, Grandien M, Wood O, 1984. Detection of human immunoglobulins G and M antibodies to Rift Valley fever virus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. J Clin Microbiol 19 :225–229.
-
20
Niklasson B, Grandien M, Peters CJ, Gargan TP, 1983. Detection of Rift Valley fever virus antigen by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. J Clin Microbiol 17 :1026–1031.
-
21
Meadors GF, Gibbs PH, Peters CJ, 1986. Evaluation of a new Rift Valley fever vaccine: safety and immunogenicity trials. Vaccine 4 :179–184.
-
22
Linthicum KJ, Anyamba A, Tucker CJ, Kelley PW, Myers MF, Peters CJ, 1999. Climate and satellite indicators to forecast Rift Valley fever epidemics in Kenya. Science 285 :397–400.
-
23
Gad AM, Feinsod FM, Allam IH, Eisa M, Hassan AN, Soliman BA, el Said S, Saah AJ, 1986. A possible route for the introduction of Rift Valley fever virus into Egypt during 1977. J Trop Med Hyg 89 :233–236.
-
24
Digoutte JP, Peters CJ, 1989. General aspects of the 1987 Rift Valley fever epidemic in Mauritania. Res Virol 140 :27–30.
-
25
Johnson BK, Gitau LG, Gichogo A, Tukei PM, Else JG, Suleman MA, Kimani R, Sayer PD, 1982. Marburg, Ebola and Rift Valley Fever virus antibodies in East African primates. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 76 :307–310.
-
26
Johnson BK, Ocheng D, Gichogo A, Okiro M, Libondo D, Tukei PM, Ho M, Mugambi M, Timms GL, French M, 1983. Antibodies against haemorrhagic fever viruses in Kenya populations. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 77 :731–733.
-
27
Johnson BK, Ocheng D, Gitau LG, Gichogo A, Tukei PM, Ngindu A, Langatt A, Smith DH, Johnson KM, Kiley MP, Swanepoel R, Isaacson M, 1983. Viral haemorrhagic fever surveillance in Kenya, 1980–1981. Trop Geogr Med 35 :43–47.
-
28
Morrill JC, Johnson BK, Hyams C, Okoth F, Tukei PM, Mugambi M, Woody J, 1991. Serological evidence of arboviral infections among humans of coastal Kenya. J Trop Med Hyg 94 :166–168.
-
29
Anyamba A, Linthicum KJ, Tucker CJ, 2001. Climate–disease connections: Rift Valley fever in Kenya. Cad Saude Publica 17 (Suppl):133–140.
-
30
Hoch AL, Gargan TP 2nd, Bailey CL, 1985. Mechanical transmission of Rift Valley fever virus by hematophagous Diptera.Am J Trop Med Hyg 34 :188–193.
-
31
Turell MJ, Linthicum KJ, Beaman JR, 1990. Transmission of Rift Valley fever virus by adult mosquitoes after ingestion of virus as larvae. Am J Trop Med Hyg 43 :677–680.
-
32
Logan TM, Davies FG, Linthicum KJ, Ksiazek TG, 1992. Rift Valley fever antibody in human sera collected after an outbreak in domestic animals in Kenya. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 86 :202–203.
-
33
John CC, Koech DK, Sumba PO, Ouma JH, 2004. Risk of Plasmodium falciparum infection during a malaria epidemic in highland Kenya, 1997. Acta Trop 92 :55–61.
-
34
van Velden DJ, Meyer JD, Olivier J, Gear JH, McIntosh B, 1977. Rift Valley fever affecting humans in South Africa: a clinicopathological study. S Afr Med J 51 :867–871.
-
35
Paweska JT, Mortimer E, Leman PA, Swanepoel R, 2005. An inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibody to Rift Valley fever virus in humans, domestic and wild ruminants. J Virol Methods 127 :10–18.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 18 | 18 | 4 |
| Full Text Views | 318 | 125 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 92 | 24 | 0 |
SPECTRUM OF RIFT VALLEY FEVER VIRUS TRANSMISSION IN KENYA: INSIGHTS FROM THREE DISTINCT REGIONS
A. DESIREE LABEAUD
A. DESIREE LABEAUD
Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Division of Vector Borne Diseases, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya; Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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YOSHITSUGU OCHIAI
YOSHITSUGU OCHIAI
Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Division of Vector Borne Diseases, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya; Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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C.J. PETERS
C.J. PETERS
Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Division of Vector Borne Diseases, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya; Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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ERIC M. MUCHIRI
ERIC M. MUCHIRI
Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Division of Vector Borne Diseases, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya; Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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CHARLES H. KING
CHARLES H. KING
Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Division of Vector Borne Diseases, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya; Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is an emerging pathogen that maintains high biodefense priority based on its threat to livestock, its ability to cause human hemorrhagic fever, and its potential for aerosol spread. To define the range of human transmission during inter-epidemic and epidemic periods in Kenya, we tested archived sera from defined populations (N = 1,263) for anti-RVFV IgG by ELISA and plaque reduction neutralization testing. RVFV seroprevalence was 10.8% overall and varied significantly by location, sex, and age. In NW Kenya, high seroprevalence among those born before 1980 indicates that an undetected epidemic may have occurred then. Seroconversion documented in highland areas suggests previously unsuspected inter-epidemic transmission. RVFV seroprevalence is strikingly high in certain Kenyan areas, suggesting endemic transmission patterns that may preclude accurate estimation of regional acute outbreak incidence. The extent of both epidemic and inter-epidemic RVFV transmission in Kenya is greater than previously documented.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1
CDC, 2002. Rift Valley fever. Viral hemorrhagic fevers: fact sheets, 1–3.
-
2
Isaacson M, 2001. Viral hemorrhagic fever hazards for travelers in Africa. Clin Infect Dis 33 :1707–1712.
-
3
WHO, 2000. Rift Valley fever. WHO Fact Sheet No. 207, 1–5.
-
4
Laughlin LW, Meegan JM, Strausbaugh LJ, 1979. Epidemic Rift Valley fever in Egypt: observations of the spectrum of human illness. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 73 :630–633.
-
5
Peters CJ, 2002. The role of antivirals in responding to biological threats. Knobler SL, Mahmoud AAF, Pray LA, eds. Biological Threats and Terrorism: Assessing the Science and Response Capabilities. Washington: National Academy Press, 119–130.
-
6
Peters CJ, Spertzel R, Patrick W, 2002. Aerosol technology and biological weapons. Knobler SL, Mahmoud AAF, Pray LA, eds. Biological Threats and Terrorism: Assessing the Science and Response Capabilities. Washington: National Academy Press, 66–77.
-
7
CDC, 2000. Outbreak of Rift Valley fever—Yemen, August–October 2000. MMWR 49 :1065–1066.
-
8
Woods CW, Karpati AM, Grein T, McCarthy N, Gaturuku P, Muchiri E, Dunster L, Henderson A, Khan AS, Swanepoel R, Bonmarin I, Martin L, Mann P, Smoak BL, Ryan M, Ksiazek TG, Arthur RR, Ndikuyeze A, Agata NN, Peters CJ, Hemorrhagic Fever Task Force WHO, 2002. An outbreak of Rift Valley Fever in Northeastern Kenya, 1997–98. Emerg Infect Dis 8 :138–144.
-
9
Linthicum KJ, Davies FG, Kairo A, Bailey CL, 1985. Rift Valley fever virus (family Bunyaviridae, genus Phlebovirus): isolations from Diptera collected during an interepizootic period in Kenya. J Hyg (Lond) 95 :197–209.
-
10
Davies FG, Highton RB, 1980. Possible vectors for Rift Valley fever in Kenya. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 74 :815–825.
-
11
Davies FG, Linthicum KJ, James AD, 1985. Rainfall and epizootic Rift Valley Fever. Bull World Health Organ 63 :941–943.
-
12
John CC, Sumba PO, Ouma JH, Nahlen BL, King CL, Kazura JW, 2000. Cytokine responses to Plasmodium falciparum liver-stage antigen 1 vary in rainy and dry seasons in highland Kenya. Infect Immun 68 :5198–5204.
-
13
Bogh C, Pedersen EM, Mukoko DA, Ouma JH, 1998. Permethrin-impregnated bednet effects on resting and feeding behaviour of lymphatic filariasis vector mosquitoes in Kenya. Med Vet Entomol 12 :52–59.
-
14
Peters CJ, 1997. Emergence of Rift Valley fever. Saluzzo JF, Dodet B, eds. Factors in the Emergence of Arboviruses. Paris: Elsevier, 253–264.
-
15
CDC, 2000. Update: Outbreak of Rift Valley Fever—Saudi Arabia, August–November 2000. MMWR 49 :982–985.
-
16
Bowen MD, Trappier SG, Sanchez AJ, Meyer RF, Goldsmith CS, Zaki SR, Dunster L, Peters CJ, Ksiazek TG, Nichol ST, Task Force RVF, 2001. A reassortant Bunyavirus isolated from acute hemorrhagic fever cases in Kenya and Somalia. Virology 291 :185–190.
-
17
Shears P, 2000. Communicable disease surveillance with limited resources: the scope to link human and veterinary programmes. Acta Trop 76 :3–7.
-
18
King CL, Malhotra I, Mungai P, Wamachi A, Kioko J, Muchiri E, Ouma JH, 2001. Schistosoma haematobium-induced urinary tract morbidity correlates with increased tumor necrosis factor-alpha and diminished interleukin-10 production. J Infect Dis 184 :1176–1182.
-
19
Niklasson B, Peters CJ, Grandien M, Wood O, 1984. Detection of human immunoglobulins G and M antibodies to Rift Valley fever virus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. J Clin Microbiol 19 :225–229.
-
20
Niklasson B, Grandien M, Peters CJ, Gargan TP, 1983. Detection of Rift Valley fever virus antigen by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. J Clin Microbiol 17 :1026–1031.
-
21
Meadors GF, Gibbs PH, Peters CJ, 1986. Evaluation of a new Rift Valley fever vaccine: safety and immunogenicity trials. Vaccine 4 :179–184.
-
22
Linthicum KJ, Anyamba A, Tucker CJ, Kelley PW, Myers MF, Peters CJ, 1999. Climate and satellite indicators to forecast Rift Valley fever epidemics in Kenya. Science 285 :397–400.
-
23
Gad AM, Feinsod FM, Allam IH, Eisa M, Hassan AN, Soliman BA, el Said S, Saah AJ, 1986. A possible route for the introduction of Rift Valley fever virus into Egypt during 1977. J Trop Med Hyg 89 :233–236.
-
24
Digoutte JP, Peters CJ, 1989. General aspects of the 1987 Rift Valley fever epidemic in Mauritania. Res Virol 140 :27–30.
-
25
Johnson BK, Gitau LG, Gichogo A, Tukei PM, Else JG, Suleman MA, Kimani R, Sayer PD, 1982. Marburg, Ebola and Rift Valley Fever virus antibodies in East African primates. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 76 :307–310.
-
26
Johnson BK, Ocheng D, Gichogo A, Okiro M, Libondo D, Tukei PM, Ho M, Mugambi M, Timms GL, French M, 1983. Antibodies against haemorrhagic fever viruses in Kenya populations. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 77 :731–733.
-
27
Johnson BK, Ocheng D, Gitau LG, Gichogo A, Tukei PM, Ngindu A, Langatt A, Smith DH, Johnson KM, Kiley MP, Swanepoel R, Isaacson M, 1983. Viral haemorrhagic fever surveillance in Kenya, 1980–1981. Trop Geogr Med 35 :43–47.
-
28
Morrill JC, Johnson BK, Hyams C, Okoth F, Tukei PM, Mugambi M, Woody J, 1991. Serological evidence of arboviral infections among humans of coastal Kenya. J Trop Med Hyg 94 :166–168.
-
29
Anyamba A, Linthicum KJ, Tucker CJ, 2001. Climate–disease connections: Rift Valley fever in Kenya. Cad Saude Publica 17 (Suppl):133–140.
-
30
Hoch AL, Gargan TP 2nd, Bailey CL, 1985. Mechanical transmission of Rift Valley fever virus by hematophagous Diptera.Am J Trop Med Hyg 34 :188–193.
-
31
Turell MJ, Linthicum KJ, Beaman JR, 1990. Transmission of Rift Valley fever virus by adult mosquitoes after ingestion of virus as larvae. Am J Trop Med Hyg 43 :677–680.
-
32
Logan TM, Davies FG, Linthicum KJ, Ksiazek TG, 1992. Rift Valley fever antibody in human sera collected after an outbreak in domestic animals in Kenya. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 86 :202–203.
-
33
John CC, Koech DK, Sumba PO, Ouma JH, 2004. Risk of Plasmodium falciparum infection during a malaria epidemic in highland Kenya, 1997. Acta Trop 92 :55–61.
-
34
van Velden DJ, Meyer JD, Olivier J, Gear JH, McIntosh B, 1977. Rift Valley fever affecting humans in South Africa: a clinicopathological study. S Afr Med J 51 :867–871.
-
35
Paweska JT, Mortimer E, Leman PA, Swanepoel R, 2005. An inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibody to Rift Valley fever virus in humans, domestic and wild ruminants. J Virol Methods 127 :10–18.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 18 | 18 | 4 |
| Full Text Views | 318 | 125 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 92 | 24 | 0 |