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EVALUATION OF BRUCELLOSIS BY PCR AND PERSISTENCE AFTER TREATMENT IN PATIENTS RETURNING TO THE HOSPITAL FOR FOLLOW-UP

KATHLÈNE S. J. S. M. MAASKIT Biomedical Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Departments of Microbiology and Pathology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Callao, Peru; Asociación Benéfica Proyectos en Informática, Salud, Medicina y Agricultura, Lima, Peru; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Clinica San Borja, Lima, Peru; United States Naval Medical Research Centre Detachment, Lima, Peru.

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MELISSA MÉNDEZKIT Biomedical Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Departments of Microbiology and Pathology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Callao, Peru; Asociación Benéfica Proyectos en Informática, Salud, Medicina y Agricultura, Lima, Peru; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Clinica San Borja, Lima, Peru; United States Naval Medical Research Centre Detachment, Lima, Peru.

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MILAGROS ZAVALETAKIT Biomedical Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Departments of Microbiology and Pathology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Callao, Peru; Asociación Benéfica Proyectos en Informática, Salud, Medicina y Agricultura, Lima, Peru; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Clinica San Borja, Lima, Peru; United States Naval Medical Research Centre Detachment, Lima, Peru.

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JENNIE MANRIQUEKIT Biomedical Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Departments of Microbiology and Pathology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Callao, Peru; Asociación Benéfica Proyectos en Informática, Salud, Medicina y Agricultura, Lima, Peru; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Clinica San Borja, Lima, Peru; United States Naval Medical Research Centre Detachment, Lima, Peru.

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MARÍA PÍA FRANCOKIT Biomedical Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Departments of Microbiology and Pathology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Callao, Peru; Asociación Benéfica Proyectos en Informática, Salud, Medicina y Agricultura, Lima, Peru; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Clinica San Borja, Lima, Peru; United States Naval Medical Research Centre Detachment, Lima, Peru.

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MAXIMILIAN MULDERKIT Biomedical Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Departments of Microbiology and Pathology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Callao, Peru; Asociación Benéfica Proyectos en Informática, Salud, Medicina y Agricultura, Lima, Peru; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Clinica San Borja, Lima, Peru; United States Naval Medical Research Centre Detachment, Lima, Peru.

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NILO BONIFACIOKIT Biomedical Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Departments of Microbiology and Pathology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Callao, Peru; Asociación Benéfica Proyectos en Informática, Salud, Medicina y Agricultura, Lima, Peru; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Clinica San Borja, Lima, Peru; United States Naval Medical Research Centre Detachment, Lima, Peru.

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MARIA L. CASTAÑEDAKIT Biomedical Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Departments of Microbiology and Pathology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Callao, Peru; Asociación Benéfica Proyectos en Informática, Salud, Medicina y Agricultura, Lima, Peru; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Clinica San Borja, Lima, Peru; United States Naval Medical Research Centre Detachment, Lima, Peru.

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JESÚS CHACALTANAKIT Biomedical Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Departments of Microbiology and Pathology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Callao, Peru; Asociación Benéfica Proyectos en Informática, Salud, Medicina y Agricultura, Lima, Peru; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Clinica San Borja, Lima, Peru; United States Naval Medical Research Centre Detachment, Lima, Peru.

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ELENA YAGUIKIT Biomedical Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Departments of Microbiology and Pathology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Callao, Peru; Asociación Benéfica Proyectos en Informática, Salud, Medicina y Agricultura, Lima, Peru; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Clinica San Borja, Lima, Peru; United States Naval Medical Research Centre Detachment, Lima, Peru.

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ROBERT H. GILMANKIT Biomedical Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Departments of Microbiology and Pathology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Callao, Peru; Asociación Benéfica Proyectos en Informática, Salud, Medicina y Agricultura, Lima, Peru; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Clinica San Borja, Lima, Peru; United States Naval Medical Research Centre Detachment, Lima, Peru.

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ALFREDO GUILLENKIT Biomedical Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Departments of Microbiology and Pathology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Callao, Peru; Asociación Benéfica Proyectos en Informática, Salud, Medicina y Agricultura, Lima, Peru; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Clinica San Borja, Lima, Peru; United States Naval Medical Research Centre Detachment, Lima, Peru.

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DAVID L. BLAZESKIT Biomedical Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Departments of Microbiology and Pathology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Callao, Peru; Asociación Benéfica Proyectos en Informática, Salud, Medicina y Agricultura, Lima, Peru; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Clinica San Borja, Lima, Peru; United States Naval Medical Research Centre Detachment, Lima, Peru.

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BENJAMIN ESPINOSAKIT Biomedical Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Departments of Microbiology and Pathology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Callao, Peru; Asociación Benéfica Proyectos en Informática, Salud, Medicina y Agricultura, Lima, Peru; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Clinica San Borja, Lima, Peru; United States Naval Medical Research Centre Detachment, Lima, Peru.

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ERIC HALLKIT Biomedical Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Departments of Microbiology and Pathology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Callao, Peru; Asociación Benéfica Proyectos en Informática, Salud, Medicina y Agricultura, Lima, Peru; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Clinica San Borja, Lima, Peru; United States Naval Medical Research Centre Detachment, Lima, Peru.

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THERESIA H. ABDOELKIT Biomedical Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Departments of Microbiology and Pathology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Callao, Peru; Asociación Benéfica Proyectos en Informática, Salud, Medicina y Agricultura, Lima, Peru; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Clinica San Borja, Lima, Peru; United States Naval Medical Research Centre Detachment, Lima, Peru.

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HENK L. SMITSKIT Biomedical Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Departments of Microbiology and Pathology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Callao, Peru; Asociación Benéfica Proyectos en Informática, Salud, Medicina y Agricultura, Lima, Peru; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Clinica San Borja, Lima, Peru; United States Naval Medical Research Centre Detachment, Lima, Peru.

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Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was applied to confirm the diagnosis of brucellosis and to study its clearance in response to the standard treatment regimen with doxycycline and rifampin at hospitals in Callao and Lima, Peru. The PCR confirmed the diagnosis in 23 (91.7%) patients with brucellosis including 12 culture-confirmed cases. For patients treated at the hospital in Callao, PCR was positive for all samples collected during and at the conclusion of treatment and for 76.9% of follow-up samples collected on average 15.9 weeks after completion of treatment. For patients treated at the hospital in Lima, PCR tests were positive for 81.8% of samples collected during treatment, for 33.3% of samples collected at the conclusion of treatment, and for ≥ 50% of samples collected at first, second, and third post-treatment follow-up. Thus, Brucella DNA may persist in the serum weeks to months after completion of the standard treatment regimen.

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