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RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
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-
1
Grimaldi G Jr, Tesh RB, McMahon-Pratt D, 1989. A review of the geographic distribution and epidemiology of leishmaniasis in the new world. Am J Trop Med Hyg 41 :687–725.
-
2
Handman E, 2001. Leishmaniasis: Current status of vaccine development. Clin Microbiol Rev 14 :229–243.
-
3
Costa JML, Saldanha ACR, Melo e Silva AC, Neto AS, Galvao CES, Pedroso e Silva CMO, Silva AR, 1992. Estado actual da leishmaniose cutánea difusa (LCD) no Estado do Maranhao. II. Aspedctos epidemiológicos, clinicoevolutivos. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 25 :115–123.
-
4
Bomfim G, Nascimento C, Costa J, Carvalho EM, Barral-Netto M, Barral A, 1996. Variation of cytokine patterns related to therapeutic response in diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis. Exp Parasitol 84 :188–194.
-
5
Boom WH, Liebster L, Abbas AK, Titus RG, 1990. Patterns of cytokine secretion in murine leishmaniasis: Correlation with disease progression or resolution. Infect Immun 58 :3863–3870.
-
6
Cuttolo M, 1997. Do sex hormones modulate the synovial macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis? Ann Rheum Dis 56 :281–283.
-
7
Giltay EJ, Fonk JCM, von Blomberg BME, Drexhage HA, Schalkwijk C, Gooren LJG, 2000. In vivo effects of sex steroids on Lymphocyte responsiveness and Immunoglobulin levels in humans. J Clin Endocrin Metabol 85 :1648–1657.
-
8
Clerici M, Galli M, Bosis S, Gervasoni C, Moroni M, Norbiato G, 2000. Immunoendocrinologic abnormalities in human immunodeficiency virus infection. Ann N Y Acad Sci 917 :956–961.
-
9
Hernandez-Pando R, Streber ML, Orozco H, Arriaga K, Pavon L, Marti O, Lightman SL, Rook GAW, 1998. Emergent immunoregulatory properties of combined glucocorticoid and anti-glucocorticoid steroids in a model of tuberculosis. Q J Med 91 :755–766.
-
10
Imrich R, 2002. The role of neuroendocrine system in the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases (minireview). Endocr Regul 36 :95–106.
-
11
Young DG, Skibinski G, Mason JI, James K, 1999. The influence of age and gender on serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEA-S), IL-6, IL-6 soluble receptor (IL-6sR) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) levels in normal healthy blood donors. Clin Exp Immunol 117 :476–481.
-
12
Straub RH, Konecna L, Hrach S, Rothe G, Kreutz M, Schölmerich J, Falk W, Lang B, 1998. Serum dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and DHEA sulfate are negatively correlated with serum inteleukin-6 (IL-6), and DHEA inhibits IL-6 secretion from mononuclear cells in man in vitro: Possible link between endocrinosenescence and immunosenescence. J Clin Endocrin Metabol 83 :2012–2017.
-
13
Morley JE, Kaiser F, Raum WJ, Perry HM III, Flood JF, Jensen J, Silver AJ, Roberts E, 1997. Potentially predictive and manipulable blood serum correlates of aging in the healthy human male: progressive decreases in bioavailable testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and the ratio of insulin-like growth factor 1 to growth hormone. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94 :7537–7542.
-
14
Keller ET, Chang C, Ershler WB, 1996. Inhibition of NF kappa B activity through maintenance of IkappaB alpha levels contributes to dihydrotestosterone-mediated repressin of the interleu-kin-6 promoter. J Biol Chem 271 :26267–26275.
-
15
McLachlan JA, Serkin CD, Bakouche O, 1996. Dehydroepiandrosterone modulation of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated monocyte cytotoxicity. J Immunol 156 :328–335.
-
16
Daynes RA, Araneo BA, Dowell TA, Huang K, Dudley D, 1990. Regulation of murine lymphokine production in vivo. III. The lymphoid tissue microenvironment exerts regulatory influences over T helper cell function. J Exp Med 171 :979–996.
-
17
Chang DM, Lan JL, Lin H, Luo SF, 2002. Dehydroepiandrosterone treatment of women with mild-to-moderate systemic lupus erythematosus: A multicenter randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum 46 :2924–2927.
-
18
Auphan N, DiDonato JA, Rosette C, Helmberg A, Karin M, 1995. Immunosuppression by glucocorticoids: Inhibition of NF-κB activity through induction of IκB synthesis. Science 270 :286–290.
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19
Scheinman RI, Cogswell PC, Lofquist AL, Baldwin AS Jr, 1995. Role of transcriptional activation of IκBα in mediation of immunosuppression by glucocorticoids. Science 270 :283–286.
-
20
Hu X, Li WP, Meng C, Ivashkiv LB, 2003. Inhibition of IFN-γ signaling by glucocorticoids. J Immunol 170 :4833–4839.
-
21
Zhang Z, Jones S, Hagood JS, Fuentes NL, Fuller GM, 1997. STAT3 acts as a co-activator of glucocorticoid receptor signaling. J Biol Chem 272 :30607–30610.
-
22
Jaffe CL, McMahon-Pratt D, 1983. Monoclonal antibodies specific for Leishmania tropica. I. Characterization of antigens associated with stage- and species-specific determinants. J Immunol 131 :1987–1993.
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23
McMahon-Pratt D, Bennett E, Grimaldi G, Jaffe CL, 1985. Subspecies- and species-specific antigens of Leishmania mexicana characterized by monoclonal antibodies. J Immunol 134 :1935–1940.
-
24
McMahon-Pratt D, Bennett E, David JR, 1982. Monoclonal antibodies that distinguish subspecies of Leishmania braziliensis. J Immunol 129 :926–927.
-
25
McMahon-Pratt D, David JR, 1981. Monoclonal antibodies that distinguish between New World species of Leishmania. Nature 291 :581–583.
-
26
Skeiky YAW, Benson DR, Jackson LM, Costa JLM, Badaro R, Reed SG, 1997. Association of Leishmania heat shock protein 83 antigen and immunoglobulin G4 antibody titers in Brazilian patients with diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis. Infect Immun 65 :5368–5370.
-
27
Robinzon B, Cutolo M, 1999. Should dehydroepiandrosterone replacement therapy be provided with glucocorticoids? Rheumatol 38 :488–495.
-
28
Turetz ML, Machado PR, Ko AI, Alves F, Bittencourt A, Almeida RP, Mobashery N, Johnson WD Jr, Carvalho EM, 2002. Disseminated Leishmaniasis: A new and emerging form of leishmaniasis observed in Northeastern Brazil. J Infect Dis 186 :1829–1834.
-
29
Ajdary S, Alimohammadian MH, Eslami MB, Kemp K, Kharazmi A, 2000. Comparison of the immune profile of non-healing cutaneous leishmaniasis patients with those with active lesions and those who have recovered from infection. Infect Immun 68 :1760–1764.
-
30
Straub RH, Lehle K, Herfarth H, Weber M, Falk W, Preuner J, Schölmerich J, 2002. Dehydroepiandrosterone in relation to other adrenal hormones during an acute inflammatory stressful disease state compared with chronic inflammatory disease: Role of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor. Eur J Endocrinol 146 :365–374.
-
31
Schuld A, Mullington J, Friess E, Hermann DM, Galanos C, Holsboer F, Pollmächer T, 2000. Changes in dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and DHEA-sulfate plasma levels during experimental endotoxinemia in healthy volunteers. J Clin Endocrin Metabol 85 :4624–4629.
-
32
Straub RH, Vogl D, Gross V, Lang B, Schölmerich J, Andus T, 1998. Association of humoral markers of inflammation and dehydroepiandrostorone sulfate or cortisol serum levels in patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Gastroenterol 93 :2197–2202.
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LOW SERUM LEVELS OF DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE AND CORTISOL IN HUMAN DIFFUSE CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS BY LEISHMANIA MEXICANA
NORMA GALINDO-SEVILLA
NORMA GALINDO-SEVILLA
Subdirección de Investigación Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Mexico City, Mexico; Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco; Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “S.Z.” Mexico City, Mexico; Secretaría de Salud de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
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NORMA SOTO
NORMA SOTO
Subdirección de Investigación Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Mexico City, Mexico; Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco; Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “S.Z.” Mexico City, Mexico; Secretaría de Salud de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
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JAVIER MANCILLA
JAVIER MANCILLA
Subdirección de Investigación Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Mexico City, Mexico; Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco; Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “S.Z.” Mexico City, Mexico; Secretaría de Salud de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
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ARTURO CERBULO
ARTURO CERBULO
Subdirección de Investigación Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Mexico City, Mexico; Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco; Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “S.Z.” Mexico City, Mexico; Secretaría de Salud de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
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ELENA ZAMBRANO
ELENA ZAMBRANO
Subdirección de Investigación Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Mexico City, Mexico; Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco; Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “S.Z.” Mexico City, Mexico; Secretaría de Salud de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
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ROBERTO CHAVIRA
ROBERTO CHAVIRA
Subdirección de Investigación Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Mexico City, Mexico; Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco; Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “S.Z.” Mexico City, Mexico; Secretaría de Salud de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
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JAIME HUERTO
JAIME HUERTO
Subdirección de Investigación Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Mexico City, Mexico; Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco; Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “S.Z.” Mexico City, Mexico; Secretaría de Salud de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
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Low levels of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and cortisol hormones produced by the suprarenal cortex have been associated with diseases involving chronic inflammation, low interferon (IFN)-γ, and high interleukin (IL)-6. Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (DL), a long-lasting intracellular parasitic infectious disease, can spread unknown levels of DHEA and cortisol. Serum concentrations of both were measured in 5 patients with DL, in 15 patients with localized lesions produced by Leishmania (LL), and in 20 healthy volunteers. Leishmania mexicana mexicana was identified as the causal agent in patients with DL and LL. Hormone levels were lower in DL compared with controls and LL. Furthermore, we detected a lower percentage of IFN-γ–positive cells with higher levels of IL-6 and higher titers of anti-Leishmania antibodies in patients with DL, whereas patients with LL were similar to controls. These data suggest that patients with DL may be good candidates for DHEA and cortisol supplementation.
Author Notes
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RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
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-
1
Grimaldi G Jr, Tesh RB, McMahon-Pratt D, 1989. A review of the geographic distribution and epidemiology of leishmaniasis in the new world. Am J Trop Med Hyg 41 :687–725.
-
2
Handman E, 2001. Leishmaniasis: Current status of vaccine development. Clin Microbiol Rev 14 :229–243.
-
3
Costa JML, Saldanha ACR, Melo e Silva AC, Neto AS, Galvao CES, Pedroso e Silva CMO, Silva AR, 1992. Estado actual da leishmaniose cutánea difusa (LCD) no Estado do Maranhao. II. Aspedctos epidemiológicos, clinicoevolutivos. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 25 :115–123.
-
4
Bomfim G, Nascimento C, Costa J, Carvalho EM, Barral-Netto M, Barral A, 1996. Variation of cytokine patterns related to therapeutic response in diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis. Exp Parasitol 84 :188–194.
-
5
Boom WH, Liebster L, Abbas AK, Titus RG, 1990. Patterns of cytokine secretion in murine leishmaniasis: Correlation with disease progression or resolution. Infect Immun 58 :3863–3870.
-
6
Cuttolo M, 1997. Do sex hormones modulate the synovial macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis? Ann Rheum Dis 56 :281–283.
-
7
Giltay EJ, Fonk JCM, von Blomberg BME, Drexhage HA, Schalkwijk C, Gooren LJG, 2000. In vivo effects of sex steroids on Lymphocyte responsiveness and Immunoglobulin levels in humans. J Clin Endocrin Metabol 85 :1648–1657.
-
8
Clerici M, Galli M, Bosis S, Gervasoni C, Moroni M, Norbiato G, 2000. Immunoendocrinologic abnormalities in human immunodeficiency virus infection. Ann N Y Acad Sci 917 :956–961.
-
9
Hernandez-Pando R, Streber ML, Orozco H, Arriaga K, Pavon L, Marti O, Lightman SL, Rook GAW, 1998. Emergent immunoregulatory properties of combined glucocorticoid and anti-glucocorticoid steroids in a model of tuberculosis. Q J Med 91 :755–766.
-
10
Imrich R, 2002. The role of neuroendocrine system in the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases (minireview). Endocr Regul 36 :95–106.
-
11
Young DG, Skibinski G, Mason JI, James K, 1999. The influence of age and gender on serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEA-S), IL-6, IL-6 soluble receptor (IL-6sR) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) levels in normal healthy blood donors. Clin Exp Immunol 117 :476–481.
-
12
Straub RH, Konecna L, Hrach S, Rothe G, Kreutz M, Schölmerich J, Falk W, Lang B, 1998. Serum dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and DHEA sulfate are negatively correlated with serum inteleukin-6 (IL-6), and DHEA inhibits IL-6 secretion from mononuclear cells in man in vitro: Possible link between endocrinosenescence and immunosenescence. J Clin Endocrin Metabol 83 :2012–2017.
-
13
Morley JE, Kaiser F, Raum WJ, Perry HM III, Flood JF, Jensen J, Silver AJ, Roberts E, 1997. Potentially predictive and manipulable blood serum correlates of aging in the healthy human male: progressive decreases in bioavailable testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and the ratio of insulin-like growth factor 1 to growth hormone. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94 :7537–7542.
-
14
Keller ET, Chang C, Ershler WB, 1996. Inhibition of NF kappa B activity through maintenance of IkappaB alpha levels contributes to dihydrotestosterone-mediated repressin of the interleu-kin-6 promoter. J Biol Chem 271 :26267–26275.
-
15
McLachlan JA, Serkin CD, Bakouche O, 1996. Dehydroepiandrosterone modulation of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated monocyte cytotoxicity. J Immunol 156 :328–335.
-
16
Daynes RA, Araneo BA, Dowell TA, Huang K, Dudley D, 1990. Regulation of murine lymphokine production in vivo. III. The lymphoid tissue microenvironment exerts regulatory influences over T helper cell function. J Exp Med 171 :979–996.
-
17
Chang DM, Lan JL, Lin H, Luo SF, 2002. Dehydroepiandrosterone treatment of women with mild-to-moderate systemic lupus erythematosus: A multicenter randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum 46 :2924–2927.
-
18
Auphan N, DiDonato JA, Rosette C, Helmberg A, Karin M, 1995. Immunosuppression by glucocorticoids: Inhibition of NF-κB activity through induction of IκB synthesis. Science 270 :286–290.
-
19
Scheinman RI, Cogswell PC, Lofquist AL, Baldwin AS Jr, 1995. Role of transcriptional activation of IκBα in mediation of immunosuppression by glucocorticoids. Science 270 :283–286.
-
20
Hu X, Li WP, Meng C, Ivashkiv LB, 2003. Inhibition of IFN-γ signaling by glucocorticoids. J Immunol 170 :4833–4839.
-
21
Zhang Z, Jones S, Hagood JS, Fuentes NL, Fuller GM, 1997. STAT3 acts as a co-activator of glucocorticoid receptor signaling. J Biol Chem 272 :30607–30610.
-
22
Jaffe CL, McMahon-Pratt D, 1983. Monoclonal antibodies specific for Leishmania tropica. I. Characterization of antigens associated with stage- and species-specific determinants. J Immunol 131 :1987–1993.
-
23
McMahon-Pratt D, Bennett E, Grimaldi G, Jaffe CL, 1985. Subspecies- and species-specific antigens of Leishmania mexicana characterized by monoclonal antibodies. J Immunol 134 :1935–1940.
-
24
McMahon-Pratt D, Bennett E, David JR, 1982. Monoclonal antibodies that distinguish subspecies of Leishmania braziliensis. J Immunol 129 :926–927.
-
25
McMahon-Pratt D, David JR, 1981. Monoclonal antibodies that distinguish between New World species of Leishmania. Nature 291 :581–583.
-
26
Skeiky YAW, Benson DR, Jackson LM, Costa JLM, Badaro R, Reed SG, 1997. Association of Leishmania heat shock protein 83 antigen and immunoglobulin G4 antibody titers in Brazilian patients with diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis. Infect Immun 65 :5368–5370.
-
27
Robinzon B, Cutolo M, 1999. Should dehydroepiandrosterone replacement therapy be provided with glucocorticoids? Rheumatol 38 :488–495.
-
28
Turetz ML, Machado PR, Ko AI, Alves F, Bittencourt A, Almeida RP, Mobashery N, Johnson WD Jr, Carvalho EM, 2002. Disseminated Leishmaniasis: A new and emerging form of leishmaniasis observed in Northeastern Brazil. J Infect Dis 186 :1829–1834.
-
29
Ajdary S, Alimohammadian MH, Eslami MB, Kemp K, Kharazmi A, 2000. Comparison of the immune profile of non-healing cutaneous leishmaniasis patients with those with active lesions and those who have recovered from infection. Infect Immun 68 :1760–1764.
-
30
Straub RH, Lehle K, Herfarth H, Weber M, Falk W, Preuner J, Schölmerich J, 2002. Dehydroepiandrosterone in relation to other adrenal hormones during an acute inflammatory stressful disease state compared with chronic inflammatory disease: Role of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor. Eur J Endocrinol 146 :365–374.
-
31
Schuld A, Mullington J, Friess E, Hermann DM, Galanos C, Holsboer F, Pollmächer T, 2000. Changes in dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and DHEA-sulfate plasma levels during experimental endotoxinemia in healthy volunteers. J Clin Endocrin Metabol 85 :4624–4629.
-
32
Straub RH, Vogl D, Gross V, Lang B, Schölmerich J, Andus T, 1998. Association of humoral markers of inflammation and dehydroepiandrostorone sulfate or cortisol serum levels in patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Gastroenterol 93 :2197–2202.
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33
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