- INTRODUCTION
- MATERIALS AND METHODS
- Study area.
- Sampling design.
- Ethical considerations.
- Vector sampling.
- Determination of metacyclogenia in triatomines.
- Isolation of T. cruzi and determination of virulence in mice.
- Histopathologic analysis.
- Human blood samples.
- Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
- Indirect hemagglutination test.
- Electrocardiographic study.
- Data analysis.
- RESULTS
- DISCUSSION
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1
WHO Expert Committee, 2002. Control of Chagas’ disease. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser 905 :1–109.
-
2
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1999. Chagas disease or trypanosomiasis: global disease elimination and eradication as public health strategies. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 48 :186–187.
-
3
Guzman-Bracho C, 2001. Epidemiology of Chagas’ disease in Mexico: an update. Trends Parasitol 17 :372–376.
-
4
Ramsey JM, Schofield CJ, 2003. Control of Chagas disease vectors. Salud Publica Mex 45 :123–128.
-
5
Dumonteil E, 1999. Update on Chagas’ disease in Mexico. Salud Publica Mex 41 :322–327.
-
6
Velasco CO, Valdespino JL, Tapia CR, Salvatierra B, Guzman BC, Magos C, Llausás A, Gutiérrez G, Sepúlveda J, 1992. Seroepidemiología de la enfermedad de Chagas en México. Salud Publica Mex 34 :186–196.
-
7
Alejandre-Aguilar R, Nogueda-Torres B, Calvo-Mendez ML, Cortés-Jiménez M, 1993. Estudio comparativo de la susceptibilidad de cinco especies de triatominos (Insecta: Reduviidae) a la infección con Trypanosoma cruzi. Rev Latinoam Microbiol 35 :201–206.
-
8
Tay J, Gutiérrez QM, Salazar SP, Castillo M, Ortega GM, 1973. Estudio sobre seis cepas mexicanas de Trypanosoma cruzi. Rev Inv Salud Publica (Mexico) 33 :67–76.
-
9
Sosa-Jurado F, Zumaquero-Rios JL, Reyes PA, Cruz-García A, Guzmán-Bracho C, Monteón VM, 2004. Biotic and abiotic determinants of seroprevalence of antibodies against Trypanosoma cruzi in Palmar de Bravo, Puebla, Mexico. Salud Publica Mex 46 :39–48.
-
10
Espinoza-Gómez F, Maldonado-Rodríguez A, Coll-Cárdenas R, Hernández-Suárez CM, Fernández-Salas I, 2002. Presence of Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) and risk of transmission of Chagas disease in Colima, México. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 97 :25–30.
-
11
Magallón-Gastélum E, Magdaleno-Peñaloza NC, Katthain-Duchateau G, Trujillo-Contreras F, Lozano-Kasten FJ, Hernández-Gutiérrez RJ, 1998. Distribución de los vectores de la enfermedad de Chagas (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae), en el estado de Jalisco, México. Rev Biomed 9 :151–157.
-
12
Mazariego-Arana MA, Monteón VM, Balllinas-Verdugo MA, Hernández-Becerril N, Alejandre-Aguilar R, Reyes PA, 2001. Seroprevalence of human Trypanosoma cruzi infection in different geographic zones of Chiapas, México. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 34 :453–458.
-
13
Segura EL, Escobar-Mesa A, Grupo de Estudio sobre en la Enfermedad de Chagas, 2005. Epidemiología de la enfermedad de Chagas en el estado de Veracruz. Salud Publica Mex 47 :201–208.
-
14
Zavala-Velázquez JE, 2003. La enfermedad de Chagas en el Estado de Yucatán, México (1940–2002). Rev Biomed 14 :35–43.
-
15
Becerril Flores MA, Valle De La cruz A, 2003. Descripción de la enfermedad de Chagas en el Valle de Iguala Guerrero, México. Gac Med Mex 139 :539–543.
-
16
Ruegsegger de Gutiérrez GL, Monteón VM, Marcuschamer J, Reyes P, 1993. Tripanosomiasis americana (enfermedad de Chagas). Encuesta clínico-serológica en un municipio rural Oaxaqueño. Arch Inst Cardiol Mex 63 :145–148.
-
17
Zárate LG, Zárate RJ, 1985. A checklist of the triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) of Mexico. Int J Entomol 27 :102–127.
-
18
Vidal–Acosta V, Ibañez-Bernal S, Martínez-Campos C, 2000. Infección natural de chinches triatominae con Trypanosoma cruzi asociadas a la vivienda humana en México. Salud Publica Mex 42 :496–503.
-
19
INEGI, 2001. XII Censo General de Población y Vivienda 2000, Hidalgo. Tabulados Básicos. Principales Resultados por Localidad. Hidalgo, Mexico: Instituto Nacional de Estadistica, Geografia e Informatica.
-
20
Lent H, Wygodzinsky P, 1979. Revision of the Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae), and their significance as vectors of Chagas’ disease. Bull Am Mus Nat Hist 163 :125–520.
-
21
Schmidt GD, Larry SR, 2000. Trypanosomes and their Kin. Foundations of Parasitology. Sixth edition. New York: McGraw-Hill, 55–83.
-
22
Melo RC, Brener Z, 1978. Tissue tropism of different Trypanosoma cruzi strains. J Parasitol 64 :475–482.
-
23
De Michelli A, 1993. Trayectoria de la electrocardiografía Mexicana. Arch Inst Cardiol Mex 63 :259–266.
-
24
Cárdenas M, 1976. La Clínica de las Arritmias Mexico. Mexico City: Prensa Medica Mexico.
-
25
Daniel WW, 1999. Bioestadística. Base para el análisis de las Ciencias de la Salud. Third Edición. Fifth Reimpresión. Mexico City: Editorial Limusa, Grupo Uthea, Noriega Editores.
-
26
Salazar SP, de Haro AI, Cabrera BM, 2005. Importance of three vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi in Mexico. Medicina (B Aires) 65 :63–69.
-
27
Velasco CO, Ramírez J, Sánchez B, Trujillo X, Guzmán BC, 1989. La enfermedad de Chagas en Jalisco, México. Rev Mex Parasitol 2 :29–32.
-
28
Cárdena RL, Tay J, Salazar SPM, 1975. Cambios histopatológicos producidos en el ratón por cepas mexicanas de Trypanosoma cruzi. Rev Inv Salud Publica (Mexico) 35 :131–153.
-
29
Sanchez B, Monteón V, Reyes PA, Espinoza B, 2001. Standarization of micro-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blot for detection of Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies using extracts from Mexican strains as antigens. Arch Med Res 32 :382–388.
-
30
Sosa-Jurado F, Mazariego-Aranda M, Hernández-Becerril N, Garza-Murillo V, Cárdenas M, Reyes PA, Hirayama K, Monteón VM, 2003. Electrocardiographic findings in Mexican Chagasic subjects living in high and low endemic regions of Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 98 :605–610.
-
31
Rangel-Flores H, Sánchez B, Mendoza Duarte J, Barnabé C, Breniere FS, Ramos C, Espinoza B, 2001. Serologic and parasitologic demonstration of Trypanosoma cruzi infections in an urban area of central Mexico: correlation with electrocardiographic alterations. Am J Trop Med Hyg 65 :887–895.
-
32
Kawabata M, Uchiyama T, Mimori T, Hashiguchi Y, de Coronel VV, 1987. Association of electrocardiographic abnormalities with seropositivity to Trypanosoma cruzi in Ecuador. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 81 :7–10.
-
33
Maguire JH, Mott KE, Hoff R, Guimaraes A, Franca JT, Almeida de Souza JA, Ramos NB, Sherlock IA, 1982. A three-year follow-up study of infection with Trypanosoma cruzi and electrocardiographic abnormalities in a rural community in northeast Brazil. Am J Trop Med Hyg 31 :42–47.
-
34
Coll-Cárdenas R, Espinoza-Gómez F, Maldonado-Rogríguez A, Reyes-López PA, Huerta-Viera M, Rojas-Larios F, 2004. Active transmisión of human Chagas disease in Colima, Mexico. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 99 :363–368.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 443 | 333 | 24 |
| Full Text Views | 376 | 12 | 2 |
| PDF Downloads | 188 | 7 | 2 |
HUMAN INFECTION AND RISK OF TRANSMISSION OF CHAGAS DISEASE IN HIDALGO STATE, MEXICO
MARCO A. BECERRIL-FLORES
MARCO A. BECERRIL-FLORES
Area Academica de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Hidalgo, Mexico
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EDUARDO RANGEL-FLORES
EDUARDO RANGEL-FLORES
Area Academica de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Hidalgo, Mexico
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JOSÉ LUIS IMBERT-PALAFOX
JOSÉ LUIS IMBERT-PALAFOX
Area Academica de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Hidalgo, Mexico
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JUAN VICENTE GÓMEZ-GÓMEZ
JUAN VICENTE GÓMEZ-GÓMEZ
Area Academica de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Hidalgo, Mexico
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ANA HILDA FIGUEROA-GUTIÉRREZ
ANA HILDA FIGUEROA-GUTIÉRREZ
Area Academica de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Hidalgo, Mexico
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New zones with risk of infection for Chagas disease were reported in San Antonio Tezoquipan, Caltimacan, and El Ahorcado in the Hidalgo State of Mexico. Antibodies to Trypanosoma cruzi were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and indirect hemagglutination assay in human serum samples. Study subjects were also given an electrocardiogram. Trypanosoma cruzi was isolated from triatomines collected and its virulence was determined in BALB/c mice. Seropositive persons were found in the three regions studied and seroprevalence of T. cruzi ranged between 3.25% and 5.13%. Six of eight seropositive persons had cardiac alterations. The species of triatomines detected were Triatoma barberi, Triatoma mexicana, and Triatoma dimidiata, and at least one of each species was infected with T. cruzi. Entomologic indexes from the zones were determined, and El Ahorcado showed the greatest risk of infection. In this region, we found more virulent isolates of T. cruzi in Triatoma barberi, and the highest human seroprevalence for T. cruzi.
Author Notes
- INTRODUCTION
- MATERIALS AND METHODS
- Study area.
- Sampling design.
- Ethical considerations.
- Vector sampling.
- Determination of metacyclogenia in triatomines.
- Isolation of T. cruzi and determination of virulence in mice.
- Histopathologic analysis.
- Human blood samples.
- Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
- Indirect hemagglutination test.
- Electrocardiographic study.
- Data analysis.
- RESULTS
- DISCUSSION
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1
WHO Expert Committee, 2002. Control of Chagas’ disease. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser 905 :1–109.
-
2
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1999. Chagas disease or trypanosomiasis: global disease elimination and eradication as public health strategies. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 48 :186–187.
-
3
Guzman-Bracho C, 2001. Epidemiology of Chagas’ disease in Mexico: an update. Trends Parasitol 17 :372–376.
-
4
Ramsey JM, Schofield CJ, 2003. Control of Chagas disease vectors. Salud Publica Mex 45 :123–128.
-
5
Dumonteil E, 1999. Update on Chagas’ disease in Mexico. Salud Publica Mex 41 :322–327.
-
6
Velasco CO, Valdespino JL, Tapia CR, Salvatierra B, Guzman BC, Magos C, Llausás A, Gutiérrez G, Sepúlveda J, 1992. Seroepidemiología de la enfermedad de Chagas en México. Salud Publica Mex 34 :186–196.
-
7
Alejandre-Aguilar R, Nogueda-Torres B, Calvo-Mendez ML, Cortés-Jiménez M, 1993. Estudio comparativo de la susceptibilidad de cinco especies de triatominos (Insecta: Reduviidae) a la infección con Trypanosoma cruzi. Rev Latinoam Microbiol 35 :201–206.
-
8
Tay J, Gutiérrez QM, Salazar SP, Castillo M, Ortega GM, 1973. Estudio sobre seis cepas mexicanas de Trypanosoma cruzi. Rev Inv Salud Publica (Mexico) 33 :67–76.
-
9
Sosa-Jurado F, Zumaquero-Rios JL, Reyes PA, Cruz-García A, Guzmán-Bracho C, Monteón VM, 2004. Biotic and abiotic determinants of seroprevalence of antibodies against Trypanosoma cruzi in Palmar de Bravo, Puebla, Mexico. Salud Publica Mex 46 :39–48.
-
10
Espinoza-Gómez F, Maldonado-Rodríguez A, Coll-Cárdenas R, Hernández-Suárez CM, Fernández-Salas I, 2002. Presence of Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) and risk of transmission of Chagas disease in Colima, México. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 97 :25–30.
-
11
Magallón-Gastélum E, Magdaleno-Peñaloza NC, Katthain-Duchateau G, Trujillo-Contreras F, Lozano-Kasten FJ, Hernández-Gutiérrez RJ, 1998. Distribución de los vectores de la enfermedad de Chagas (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae), en el estado de Jalisco, México. Rev Biomed 9 :151–157.
-
12
Mazariego-Arana MA, Monteón VM, Balllinas-Verdugo MA, Hernández-Becerril N, Alejandre-Aguilar R, Reyes PA, 2001. Seroprevalence of human Trypanosoma cruzi infection in different geographic zones of Chiapas, México. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 34 :453–458.
-
13
Segura EL, Escobar-Mesa A, Grupo de Estudio sobre en la Enfermedad de Chagas, 2005. Epidemiología de la enfermedad de Chagas en el estado de Veracruz. Salud Publica Mex 47 :201–208.
-
14
Zavala-Velázquez JE, 2003. La enfermedad de Chagas en el Estado de Yucatán, México (1940–2002). Rev Biomed 14 :35–43.
-
15
Becerril Flores MA, Valle De La cruz A, 2003. Descripción de la enfermedad de Chagas en el Valle de Iguala Guerrero, México. Gac Med Mex 139 :539–543.
-
16
Ruegsegger de Gutiérrez GL, Monteón VM, Marcuschamer J, Reyes P, 1993. Tripanosomiasis americana (enfermedad de Chagas). Encuesta clínico-serológica en un municipio rural Oaxaqueño. Arch Inst Cardiol Mex 63 :145–148.
-
17
Zárate LG, Zárate RJ, 1985. A checklist of the triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) of Mexico. Int J Entomol 27 :102–127.
-
18
Vidal–Acosta V, Ibañez-Bernal S, Martínez-Campos C, 2000. Infección natural de chinches triatominae con Trypanosoma cruzi asociadas a la vivienda humana en México. Salud Publica Mex 42 :496–503.
-
19
INEGI, 2001. XII Censo General de Población y Vivienda 2000, Hidalgo. Tabulados Básicos. Principales Resultados por Localidad. Hidalgo, Mexico: Instituto Nacional de Estadistica, Geografia e Informatica.
-
20
Lent H, Wygodzinsky P, 1979. Revision of the Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae), and their significance as vectors of Chagas’ disease. Bull Am Mus Nat Hist 163 :125–520.
-
21
Schmidt GD, Larry SR, 2000. Trypanosomes and their Kin. Foundations of Parasitology. Sixth edition. New York: McGraw-Hill, 55–83.
-
22
Melo RC, Brener Z, 1978. Tissue tropism of different Trypanosoma cruzi strains. J Parasitol 64 :475–482.
-
23
De Michelli A, 1993. Trayectoria de la electrocardiografía Mexicana. Arch Inst Cardiol Mex 63 :259–266.
-
24
Cárdenas M, 1976. La Clínica de las Arritmias Mexico. Mexico City: Prensa Medica Mexico.
-
25
Daniel WW, 1999. Bioestadística. Base para el análisis de las Ciencias de la Salud. Third Edición. Fifth Reimpresión. Mexico City: Editorial Limusa, Grupo Uthea, Noriega Editores.
-
26
Salazar SP, de Haro AI, Cabrera BM, 2005. Importance of three vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi in Mexico. Medicina (B Aires) 65 :63–69.
-
27
Velasco CO, Ramírez J, Sánchez B, Trujillo X, Guzmán BC, 1989. La enfermedad de Chagas en Jalisco, México. Rev Mex Parasitol 2 :29–32.
-
28
Cárdena RL, Tay J, Salazar SPM, 1975. Cambios histopatológicos producidos en el ratón por cepas mexicanas de Trypanosoma cruzi. Rev Inv Salud Publica (Mexico) 35 :131–153.
-
29
Sanchez B, Monteón V, Reyes PA, Espinoza B, 2001. Standarization of micro-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blot for detection of Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies using extracts from Mexican strains as antigens. Arch Med Res 32 :382–388.
-
30
Sosa-Jurado F, Mazariego-Aranda M, Hernández-Becerril N, Garza-Murillo V, Cárdenas M, Reyes PA, Hirayama K, Monteón VM, 2003. Electrocardiographic findings in Mexican Chagasic subjects living in high and low endemic regions of Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 98 :605–610.
-
31
Rangel-Flores H, Sánchez B, Mendoza Duarte J, Barnabé C, Breniere FS, Ramos C, Espinoza B, 2001. Serologic and parasitologic demonstration of Trypanosoma cruzi infections in an urban area of central Mexico: correlation with electrocardiographic alterations. Am J Trop Med Hyg 65 :887–895.
-
32
Kawabata M, Uchiyama T, Mimori T, Hashiguchi Y, de Coronel VV, 1987. Association of electrocardiographic abnormalities with seropositivity to Trypanosoma cruzi in Ecuador. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 81 :7–10.
-
33
Maguire JH, Mott KE, Hoff R, Guimaraes A, Franca JT, Almeida de Souza JA, Ramos NB, Sherlock IA, 1982. A three-year follow-up study of infection with Trypanosoma cruzi and electrocardiographic abnormalities in a rural community in northeast Brazil. Am J Trop Med Hyg 31 :42–47.
-
34
Coll-Cárdenas R, Espinoza-Gómez F, Maldonado-Rogríguez A, Reyes-López PA, Huerta-Viera M, Rojas-Larios F, 2004. Active transmisión of human Chagas disease in Colima, Mexico. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 99 :363–368.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 443 | 333 | 24 |
| Full Text Views | 376 | 12 | 2 |
| PDF Downloads | 188 | 7 | 2 |