ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1
Adams W, 1992. Wasting the Rain: Rivers, People and Planning in West Africa. London: Earthscan.
-
2
Rosengrant M, Perez N, 1997. Water Resource Development in Africa: A Review and Synthesis of Issues, Potentials and Strategies for the Future. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. Environment and Production Technology Division. Discussion paper no. 28.
-
3
Ijumba J, Lindsay S, 2001. Impact of irrigation on malaria in Africa: paddies paradox. Med Vet Entomol 15 :1–11.
-
4
Ijumba JN, Shenton FC, Clarke SE, Mosha FW, Lindsay SW, 2002. Irrigated crop production is associated with less malaria than traditional agricultural practices in Tanzania. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 96 :476–480.
-
5
Dolo G, Briet OJT, Dao A, Traore SF, Bouare M, Sogoba N, Niare O, Bagayogo M, Sangare D, Teuscher T, Toure YT, 2004. Malaria transmission in relation to rice cultivation in the irrigated Sahel of Mali. Acta Trop 89 :147–159.
-
6
Sissoko MS, Dicko A, Briet OJT, Sissoko MS, Sagara I, Keita H, Sogoba M, Rogier C, Toure Y, Doumbo O, 2004. Malaria incidence in relation to rice cultivation in the irrigated Sahel of Mali. Acta Trop 89 :161–170.
-
7
Appawu AM, Dadzie SK, Baffoe-Wilmot A, Wilson DM, 2001. Lymphatic filariasis in Ghana: entomological investigation of transmission dynamics and intensity in communities served by irrigation systems in the Upper East Region of Ghana. Trop Med Int Health 6 :511–516.
-
8
Mawuli D, Dunyo SK, Ahorlu CK, Coker WZ, Appawu MA, Pedersen EM, Simonsen PE, 1999. Bancroftian filariasis in an irrigated project community in southern Ghana. Trop Med Int Health 4 :13–18.
-
9
Thompson D, Malone J, Harb M, Faris R, Huh O, Buck A, Cline BL, 1996. Bancroftian filariasis distribution and diurnal temperature differences in the southern Nile delta. Emerg Infect Dis 2 :234–235.
-
10
Diallo M, Lochouarn L, Ba L, Sall K, Modo A, Girault L, Mathiot C, 2000. First isolation of the Rift Valley fever virus from Culex poicilipes (Diptera: Culicidae) in nature. Am J Trop Med Hyg 62 :702–704.
-
11
Miller B, Nasci R, Godsey M, Savage H, Lutwama J, Lanciotti R, Peters CJ, 2000. First field evidence for natural vertical transmission of West Nile virus in Culex univittatus complex mosquitoes from Rift Valley province, Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 62 :240–246.
-
12
Chandler JA, Highton RB, 1975. The succession of mosquito species (Diptera, Culicidae) in rice fields in the Kisumu area of Kenya, and their possible control. Bull Entomol Res 65 :295–302.
-
13
Ijumba J, Mosha F, Lindsay S, 2002. Malaria transmission risk variations derived from different agricultural practices in an irrigated area of northern Tanzania. Med Vet Entomol 16 :28–38.
-
14
Muturi J, Shililu J, Jacob B, Githure J, Gu W, Novak R, 2006. Mosquito species diversity and abundance in relation to land use in a rice land agro-ecosystem in Mwea, Kenya. J Vector Ecol 31 :127–129.
-
15
Snow W, 1983. Mosquito production and species succession from an area of irrigated rice fields in The Gambia, West Africa. J Trop Med Hyg 86 :237–245.
-
16
Briet J, Dossou-Yovo J, Akodo E, van de Giesen N, Teucher M, 2003. The relationship between Anopheles gambiae density and rice cultivation in the savannah and forest zone of Cote d’Ivoire. Trop Med Int Health 8 :439–448.
-
17
Marrama L, Rajaonarivelo E, Laventure S, Rabarison P, 1995. Anopheles funestus and rice culture on the Plateau of Madagascar. Cah Santé 5 :415–419.
-
18
Mutero C, Kabutha C, Kimani V, Kabuage L, Gitau G, Ssennyonga J, Githure J, Muthami L, Kaida A, Musyoka L, Kiarie E, Oganda M, 2004. A transdisciplinary perspective on the links between malaria and agro-ecosystems in Kenya. Acta Trop 89 :171–186.
-
19
Asimeng E, Mutinga M, 1993. Effect of rice husbandry on mosquito breeding at Mwea Rice Irrigation Scheme with reference to biocontrol strategies. J Am Mosq Contr Assoc 9 :17–22.
-
20
Mutero CM, Blank H, Konradsen F, Hoek W, 2000. Water management for controlling the breeding of Anopheles mosquitoes in rice irrigation schemes in Kenya. ICIPE, Nairobi. Acta Trop 76 :253–256.
-
21
Rajavel A, Natarajan R, Vaidyanathan K, 2005. Mosquito collections in the Jeypore hill tracts of Orissa, India, with notes on three new country records, Culex (Lophoceraomyia) pilifemoralis, Culex (Lophoceraomyia) wilfredi and Heizmannia (Heizmannia) chengi. Am Mosq Contr Assoc 21 :121–127.
-
22
Amerasinghe FP, Munasingha NB, 1988. A predevelopment mosquito survey in the Mahaweli Development Project area, Sri Lanka: immatures. J Med Entomol 25 :286–294.
-
23
Fillinger U, George S, Gerry FK, Bart GJK, Norbert B, 2004. The practical importance of permanent and semipermanent habitats for controlling aquatic stages of Anopheles gambiae sensu lato mosquitoes: operational observations from a rural town in western Kenya. Trop Med Int Health 9 :1274–1289.
-
24
Gimnig J, Ombok M, Kamau L, Hawley WA, 2001. Characteristics of larval anopheline (Diptera: Culicidae) habitats in Western Kenya. J Med Entomol 38 :282–288.
-
25
Grillet M, 2000. Factors associated with distribution of Anopheles aquasalis and Anopheles oswaldoi (Diptera: Culicidae) in a malarious area, northeastern Venezuela. J Med Entomol 37 :231–238.
-
26
Minakawa N, Mutero C, Githure J, Beier J, Guiyan Y, 1999. Spatial distribution and habitat characterization of anopheline mosquito larvae in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 61 :1010–1016.
-
27
Gu W, Novak RJ, 2005. Habitat-based modeling of impacts of mosquito larval interventions on entomological inoculation rates, incidence, and prevalence of malaria. Am J Trop Med Hyg 73 :546–552.
-
28
Hopkins G, 1952. Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region: Larval Bionomics of Mosquitoes and Taxonomy of Culicine Larvae. London: Adlard and Son Ltd.
-
29
Diallo M, Nabeth P, Ba K, Sall AA, Mondo M, Girault L, Abdulahi MO, Mathiot C, 2005. Mosquito vectors of the 1998–1999 outbreak of Rift Valley Fever and other arboviruses (Bagaza, Sanar, Wesselsbron and West Nile) in Mauritania and Senegal. Med Vet Entomol 19 :119–126.
-
30
Keiser J, Utzinger J, Singer B, 2002. The potential of intermittent irrigation for increasing rice yields, lowering water consumption, reducing methane emissions, and controlling malaria in African rice fields. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 18 :329–340.
-
31
Beier JC, Odago W, Onyango F, Asiago C, Koech D, Roberts C, 1990. Relative abundance and blood feeding behavior of nocturnally active culicine mosquitoes in Western Kenya. J Am Mosq Contr Assoc 6 :207–212.
-
32
Shililu J, Tewolde G, Fessahaye S, Mengistu S, Fekadu H, Mehari Z, Asmelash G, Sintasath D, Bretas G, Mbogo C, Githure J, Brantly E, Novak R, Beier J, 2003. Larval habitat diversity and ecology of anopheline larvae in Eritrea. J Med Entomol 40 :921–929.
-
33
Klinkenberg E, Takken W, Huibers F, Toure Y, 2003. The phenology of malaria mosquitoes in irrigated rice fields in Mali. Acta Trop 85 :71–82.
-
34
Mukiama T, Mwangi R, 1989. Seasonal population changes and malaria transmission potential of Anopheles pharoensis and minor anophelines in Mwea Irrigation Scheme, Kenya. Acta Trop 46 :181–189.
-
35
Martens WJ, Niessen LW, Rotmans J, Jetten TH, McMichael AJ, 1995. Potential impact of global climate change on malaria risk. Environ Health Perspect 103 :458–464.
-
36
Russell PF, West LS, Manwell RD, MacDonald G, 1963. Practical Malariology. London: Oxford University Press.
-
37
Maxwell CA, Mohammed K, Kisumku U, Curtis CF, 1999. Can vector control play a useful supplementary role against Bancroftian filariasis? Bull World Health Organ 77 :138–143.
-
38
Edwards F, 1941. Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian region. III. Culicine Adults and Pupae. London: British Museum (Natural History).
-
39
Berner L, 1955. Mosquitoes of the Shire River system, Nyasaland. Ann Entomol Soc Am 48 :214–218.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 387 | 310 | 11 |
| Full Text Views | 545 | 6 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 190 | 10 | 0 |
LARVAL HABITAT DYNAMICS AND DIVERSITY OF CULEX MOSQUITOES IN RICE AGRO-ECOSYSTEM IN MWEA, KENYA
EPHANTUS J. MUTURI
EPHANTUS J. MUTURI
Centre for Ecological Entomology, Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois, Champaign Illinois; Human Health Division, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
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JOSEPHAT I. SHILILU
JOSEPHAT I. SHILILU
Centre for Ecological Entomology, Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois, Champaign Illinois; Human Health Division, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
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WEIDONG GU
WEIDONG GU
Centre for Ecological Entomology, Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois, Champaign Illinois; Human Health Division, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
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BENJAMIN G. JACOB
BENJAMIN G. JACOB
Centre for Ecological Entomology, Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois, Champaign Illinois; Human Health Division, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
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JOHN I. GITHURE
JOHN I. GITHURE
Centre for Ecological Entomology, Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois, Champaign Illinois; Human Health Division, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
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ROBERT J. NOVAK
ROBERT J. NOVAK
Centre for Ecological Entomology, Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois, Champaign Illinois; Human Health Division, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
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Introduction of irrigation projects in developing nations has often been blamed for aggravating the problem of mosquito-borne diseases by creating ideal larval habitats for vector mosquitoes. However, whereas several studies have demonstrated the relationship between malaria vectors and irrigation, little work has been done on culicine mosquitoes despite their potential in transmission of filariasis and arboviruses and their significant biting nuisance in these areas. This study examined the diversity of Culex mosquito fauna and their larval habitats at two sites (Murinduko and Kiamachiri) in Mwea, Kenya over a 12-month period. The habitat types present at each site within a 200-meter radius around the study village, including randomly selected paddies and canals, were sampled every two weeks to examine the relationship between vegetation cover, water depth, turbidity, and Culex larval counts. Ten culicine species belonging to four genera were identified, with 73.1% of the total collection comprising of Culex duttoni and Cx. quinquefasciatus. Other species collected included Cx. annulioris, Cx. poicilipes, Cx. cinereus, Cx. tigripes, Cx. trifilatus, Aedes spp., Coquilettidia fuscopennata, and Ficalbia splendens. Murinduko was more diverse than Kiamachiri in terms of species richness (10 versus 7 species) and larval habitat diversity (11 versus 8 habitat types). Paddies, canals, and rain pools were the most diverse habitats in terms of species richness, and ditches, rock pools, and tree holes were the least diverse. Principal component and correlation analyses showed a strong association between three Culex species and the measured habitat characteristics. Culex poicilipes was strongly associated with floating vegetation, Cx. annulioris with clean water containing emergent vegetation, and Cx. quinquefasciatus was associated with turbid water. Seasonal changes in larval counts in water reservoirs and pool and ditch habitats were closely associated with rainfall. These findings provide important information on larval habitat preference for different Culex species, which will be useful in designing and implementation of larval control operations.
Author Notes
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1
Adams W, 1992. Wasting the Rain: Rivers, People and Planning in West Africa. London: Earthscan.
-
2
Rosengrant M, Perez N, 1997. Water Resource Development in Africa: A Review and Synthesis of Issues, Potentials and Strategies for the Future. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. Environment and Production Technology Division. Discussion paper no. 28.
-
3
Ijumba J, Lindsay S, 2001. Impact of irrigation on malaria in Africa: paddies paradox. Med Vet Entomol 15 :1–11.
-
4
Ijumba JN, Shenton FC, Clarke SE, Mosha FW, Lindsay SW, 2002. Irrigated crop production is associated with less malaria than traditional agricultural practices in Tanzania. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 96 :476–480.
-
5
Dolo G, Briet OJT, Dao A, Traore SF, Bouare M, Sogoba N, Niare O, Bagayogo M, Sangare D, Teuscher T, Toure YT, 2004. Malaria transmission in relation to rice cultivation in the irrigated Sahel of Mali. Acta Trop 89 :147–159.
-
6
Sissoko MS, Dicko A, Briet OJT, Sissoko MS, Sagara I, Keita H, Sogoba M, Rogier C, Toure Y, Doumbo O, 2004. Malaria incidence in relation to rice cultivation in the irrigated Sahel of Mali. Acta Trop 89 :161–170.
-
7
Appawu AM, Dadzie SK, Baffoe-Wilmot A, Wilson DM, 2001. Lymphatic filariasis in Ghana: entomological investigation of transmission dynamics and intensity in communities served by irrigation systems in the Upper East Region of Ghana. Trop Med Int Health 6 :511–516.
-
8
Mawuli D, Dunyo SK, Ahorlu CK, Coker WZ, Appawu MA, Pedersen EM, Simonsen PE, 1999. Bancroftian filariasis in an irrigated project community in southern Ghana. Trop Med Int Health 4 :13–18.
-
9
Thompson D, Malone J, Harb M, Faris R, Huh O, Buck A, Cline BL, 1996. Bancroftian filariasis distribution and diurnal temperature differences in the southern Nile delta. Emerg Infect Dis 2 :234–235.
-
10
Diallo M, Lochouarn L, Ba L, Sall K, Modo A, Girault L, Mathiot C, 2000. First isolation of the Rift Valley fever virus from Culex poicilipes (Diptera: Culicidae) in nature. Am J Trop Med Hyg 62 :702–704.
-
11
Miller B, Nasci R, Godsey M, Savage H, Lutwama J, Lanciotti R, Peters CJ, 2000. First field evidence for natural vertical transmission of West Nile virus in Culex univittatus complex mosquitoes from Rift Valley province, Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 62 :240–246.
-
12
Chandler JA, Highton RB, 1975. The succession of mosquito species (Diptera, Culicidae) in rice fields in the Kisumu area of Kenya, and their possible control. Bull Entomol Res 65 :295–302.
-
13
Ijumba J, Mosha F, Lindsay S, 2002. Malaria transmission risk variations derived from different agricultural practices in an irrigated area of northern Tanzania. Med Vet Entomol 16 :28–38.
-
14
Muturi J, Shililu J, Jacob B, Githure J, Gu W, Novak R, 2006. Mosquito species diversity and abundance in relation to land use in a rice land agro-ecosystem in Mwea, Kenya. J Vector Ecol 31 :127–129.
-
15
Snow W, 1983. Mosquito production and species succession from an area of irrigated rice fields in The Gambia, West Africa. J Trop Med Hyg 86 :237–245.
-
16
Briet J, Dossou-Yovo J, Akodo E, van de Giesen N, Teucher M, 2003. The relationship between Anopheles gambiae density and rice cultivation in the savannah and forest zone of Cote d’Ivoire. Trop Med Int Health 8 :439–448.
-
17
Marrama L, Rajaonarivelo E, Laventure S, Rabarison P, 1995. Anopheles funestus and rice culture on the Plateau of Madagascar. Cah Santé 5 :415–419.
-
18
Mutero C, Kabutha C, Kimani V, Kabuage L, Gitau G, Ssennyonga J, Githure J, Muthami L, Kaida A, Musyoka L, Kiarie E, Oganda M, 2004. A transdisciplinary perspective on the links between malaria and agro-ecosystems in Kenya. Acta Trop 89 :171–186.
-
19
Asimeng E, Mutinga M, 1993. Effect of rice husbandry on mosquito breeding at Mwea Rice Irrigation Scheme with reference to biocontrol strategies. J Am Mosq Contr Assoc 9 :17–22.
-
20
Mutero CM, Blank H, Konradsen F, Hoek W, 2000. Water management for controlling the breeding of Anopheles mosquitoes in rice irrigation schemes in Kenya. ICIPE, Nairobi. Acta Trop 76 :253–256.
-
21
Rajavel A, Natarajan R, Vaidyanathan K, 2005. Mosquito collections in the Jeypore hill tracts of Orissa, India, with notes on three new country records, Culex (Lophoceraomyia) pilifemoralis, Culex (Lophoceraomyia) wilfredi and Heizmannia (Heizmannia) chengi. Am Mosq Contr Assoc 21 :121–127.
-
22
Amerasinghe FP, Munasingha NB, 1988. A predevelopment mosquito survey in the Mahaweli Development Project area, Sri Lanka: immatures. J Med Entomol 25 :286–294.
-
23
Fillinger U, George S, Gerry FK, Bart GJK, Norbert B, 2004. The practical importance of permanent and semipermanent habitats for controlling aquatic stages of Anopheles gambiae sensu lato mosquitoes: operational observations from a rural town in western Kenya. Trop Med Int Health 9 :1274–1289.
-
24
Gimnig J, Ombok M, Kamau L, Hawley WA, 2001. Characteristics of larval anopheline (Diptera: Culicidae) habitats in Western Kenya. J Med Entomol 38 :282–288.
-
25
Grillet M, 2000. Factors associated with distribution of Anopheles aquasalis and Anopheles oswaldoi (Diptera: Culicidae) in a malarious area, northeastern Venezuela. J Med Entomol 37 :231–238.
-
26
Minakawa N, Mutero C, Githure J, Beier J, Guiyan Y, 1999. Spatial distribution and habitat characterization of anopheline mosquito larvae in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 61 :1010–1016.
-
27
Gu W, Novak RJ, 2005. Habitat-based modeling of impacts of mosquito larval interventions on entomological inoculation rates, incidence, and prevalence of malaria. Am J Trop Med Hyg 73 :546–552.
-
28
Hopkins G, 1952. Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region: Larval Bionomics of Mosquitoes and Taxonomy of Culicine Larvae. London: Adlard and Son Ltd.
-
29
Diallo M, Nabeth P, Ba K, Sall AA, Mondo M, Girault L, Abdulahi MO, Mathiot C, 2005. Mosquito vectors of the 1998–1999 outbreak of Rift Valley Fever and other arboviruses (Bagaza, Sanar, Wesselsbron and West Nile) in Mauritania and Senegal. Med Vet Entomol 19 :119–126.
-
30
Keiser J, Utzinger J, Singer B, 2002. The potential of intermittent irrigation for increasing rice yields, lowering water consumption, reducing methane emissions, and controlling malaria in African rice fields. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 18 :329–340.
-
31
Beier JC, Odago W, Onyango F, Asiago C, Koech D, Roberts C, 1990. Relative abundance and blood feeding behavior of nocturnally active culicine mosquitoes in Western Kenya. J Am Mosq Contr Assoc 6 :207–212.
-
32
Shililu J, Tewolde G, Fessahaye S, Mengistu S, Fekadu H, Mehari Z, Asmelash G, Sintasath D, Bretas G, Mbogo C, Githure J, Brantly E, Novak R, Beier J, 2003. Larval habitat diversity and ecology of anopheline larvae in Eritrea. J Med Entomol 40 :921–929.
-
33
Klinkenberg E, Takken W, Huibers F, Toure Y, 2003. The phenology of malaria mosquitoes in irrigated rice fields in Mali. Acta Trop 85 :71–82.
-
34
Mukiama T, Mwangi R, 1989. Seasonal population changes and malaria transmission potential of Anopheles pharoensis and minor anophelines in Mwea Irrigation Scheme, Kenya. Acta Trop 46 :181–189.
-
35
Martens WJ, Niessen LW, Rotmans J, Jetten TH, McMichael AJ, 1995. Potential impact of global climate change on malaria risk. Environ Health Perspect 103 :458–464.
-
36
Russell PF, West LS, Manwell RD, MacDonald G, 1963. Practical Malariology. London: Oxford University Press.
-
37
Maxwell CA, Mohammed K, Kisumku U, Curtis CF, 1999. Can vector control play a useful supplementary role against Bancroftian filariasis? Bull World Health Organ 77 :138–143.
-
38
Edwards F, 1941. Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian region. III. Culicine Adults and Pupae. London: British Museum (Natural History).
-
39
Berner L, 1955. Mosquitoes of the Shire River system, Nyasaland. Ann Entomol Soc Am 48 :214–218.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 387 | 310 | 11 |
| Full Text Views | 545 | 6 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 190 | 10 | 0 |