Blum J, Desjeux P, Schwartz E, Beck B, Hatz C, 2004. Treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis among travellers. J Antimicrob Chemother 53 :158–166.
Jeannel D, Tuppin P, Brucker G, Danis M, Gentilini M, 1989. Leishmaniasis in France. Lancet 2 :804.
Bryceson A, 1987. Therapy in man. Peters W, Killick-Kendrick R, eds. The Leishmaniases. London: Elsevier, 847–869.
Masmoudi A, Maalej N, Mseddi M, Souissi A, Turki H, Boudaya S, Bouassida S, Zahaf A, 2005. Glucantime injection: benefit versus toxicity. Med Mal Infect 35 :42–45.
Herwaldt BL, Berman JD, 1992. Recommendations for treating leishmaniasis with sodium stibogluconate (Pentostam) and review of pertinent clinical studies. Am J Trop Med Hyg 46 :296–306.
Berman JD, 1997. Human leishmaniasis: clinical, diagnostic, and chemotherapeutic developments in the last 10 years. Clin Infect Dis 24 :684–703.
Sampaio RN, Martins Netto E, Faria E, Sampaio J, de Freitas L, Marsden P, 1988. Sudden death caused by glucantime. An Bras Dermatol 63 :35–37.
Alrajhi AA, Ibrahim EA, De Vol EB, Khairat M, Faris RM, Maguire JH, 2002. Fluconazole for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania major. N Engl J Med 346 :891–895.
Belazzoug S, Neal RA, 1986. Failure of meglumine antimoniate to cure cutaneous lesions due to Leishmania major in Algeria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 80 :670–671.
Chahed MK, Ben Salah A, Louzir H, Marrakchi H, Zaatour A, Ftaiti A, Ben Chaabane B, Sidhom M, Dellagi K, Ben Ismail R, 1999. Efficacy of intra-lesional glucantime in the treatment of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in basic health care conditions. Arch Inst Pasteur Tunis 76 :13–18.
Buffet PA, Morizot G, 2003. Cutaneous leishmaniasis in France: towards the end of injectable therapy? Bull Soc Pathol Exot 96 :383–388.
Laffitte E, Genton B, Panizzon RG, 2005. Cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania tropica: treatment with oral fluconazole. Dermatology 210: 249–251.
Ben Salah A, Zakraoui H, Zaatour A, Ftaiti A, Zaafouri B, Garraoui A, Olliaro PL, Dellagi K, Ben Ismail R, 1995. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial in Tunisia treating cutaneous leishmaniasis with paromomycin ointment. Am J Trop Med Hyg 53 :162–166.
Momeni AZ, Aminjavaheri M, Omidghaemi MR, 2003. Treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis with ketoconazole cream. J Dermatolog Treat 14 :26–29.
Asilian A, Jalayer T, Whitworth JA, Ghasemi RL, Nilforooshzadeh M, Olliaro P, 1995. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of a two-week regimen of aminosidine (paromomycin) ointment for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran. Am J Trop Med Hyg 53 :648–651.
Momeni AZ, Jalayer T, Emamjomeh M, Bashardost N, Ghassemi RL, Meghdadi M, Javadi A, Aminjavaheri M, 1996. Treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis with itraconazole. Randomized double-blind study. Arch Dermatol 132 :784–786.
el-Safi SH, Murphy AG, Bryceson AD, Neal RA, 1990. A double-blind clinical trial of the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis with paromomycin ointment. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 84 :690–691.
Iraji F, Sadeghinia A, 2005. Efficacy of paromomycin ointment in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis: results of a double-blind, randomized trial in Isfahan, Iran. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 99 :3–9.
Lanotte G, Rioux JA, Maazoun R, Pasteur N, Pratlong F, Lepart J, 1981. Significance of enzymatic polymorphism in Leishmaniae: on three heterozygous stocks of Leishmania infantum Nicolle, 1908, Leishmania cf. tarentolae Wenyon, 1921 and Leishmania aethiopica Bray, Ashford and Bray, 1973. Ann Parasitol Hum Comp 56 :575–591.
Lanotte G, Rioux JA, Lepart J, Maazoun R, Pasteur N, Pratlong F, 1984. Numerical cladistics of the phylogeny of the genus Leishmania Ross, 1903 (Kinetoplastida-Trypanosomatidae). Use of enzyme characteristics. C R Acad Sci III 299 :769–772.
Navin TR, Arana BA, Arana FE, Berman JD, Chajon JF, 1992. Placebo-controlled clinical trial of sodium stibogluconate (Pentostam) versus ketoconazole for treating cutaneous leishmaniasis in Guatemala. J Infect Dis 165 :528–534.
Martinez S, Marr JJ, 1992. Allopurinol in the treatment of American cutaneous leishmaniasis. N Engl J Med 326 :741–744.
Velez I, Agudelo S, Hendrickx E, Puerta J, Grogl M, Modabber F, Berman J, 1997. Inefficacy of allopurinol as monotherapy for Colombian cutaneous leishmaniasis. A randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 126 :232–236.
Martinez S, Gonzalez M, Vernaza ME, 1997. Treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis with allopurinol and stibogluconate. Clin Infect Dis 24 :165–169.
Zvulunov A, Klaus S, Vardy D, 2002. Fluconazole for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. N Engl J Med 347 :370–371.
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The efficacy of fluconazole was evaluated in 35 travelers with parasitologically proven imported Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Leishmania major (mainly MON-25) was identified in 15 patients and strongly suspected given the transmission area in 12 of these patients. Daily oral fluconazole (200 mg/day for adults and 2.5 mg/kg/day for children) was prescribed for six weeks. Outcome definition was based on re-epithelialization rate at day 50. Of the 27 L. major-infected patients, 12 (44.4%) were cured. This cure rate is similar to the placebo cure rate from trials in L. major CL in which, as in the present report, the definition of outcome relied exclusively on re-epithelialization. These data question the assumption that oral fluconazole is consistently effective for treatment of CL caused by L. major.
Blum J, Desjeux P, Schwartz E, Beck B, Hatz C, 2004. Treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis among travellers. J Antimicrob Chemother 53 :158–166.
Jeannel D, Tuppin P, Brucker G, Danis M, Gentilini M, 1989. Leishmaniasis in France. Lancet 2 :804.
Bryceson A, 1987. Therapy in man. Peters W, Killick-Kendrick R, eds. The Leishmaniases. London: Elsevier, 847–869.
Masmoudi A, Maalej N, Mseddi M, Souissi A, Turki H, Boudaya S, Bouassida S, Zahaf A, 2005. Glucantime injection: benefit versus toxicity. Med Mal Infect 35 :42–45.
Herwaldt BL, Berman JD, 1992. Recommendations for treating leishmaniasis with sodium stibogluconate (Pentostam) and review of pertinent clinical studies. Am J Trop Med Hyg 46 :296–306.
Berman JD, 1997. Human leishmaniasis: clinical, diagnostic, and chemotherapeutic developments in the last 10 years. Clin Infect Dis 24 :684–703.
Sampaio RN, Martins Netto E, Faria E, Sampaio J, de Freitas L, Marsden P, 1988. Sudden death caused by glucantime. An Bras Dermatol 63 :35–37.
Alrajhi AA, Ibrahim EA, De Vol EB, Khairat M, Faris RM, Maguire JH, 2002. Fluconazole for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania major. N Engl J Med 346 :891–895.
Belazzoug S, Neal RA, 1986. Failure of meglumine antimoniate to cure cutaneous lesions due to Leishmania major in Algeria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 80 :670–671.
Chahed MK, Ben Salah A, Louzir H, Marrakchi H, Zaatour A, Ftaiti A, Ben Chaabane B, Sidhom M, Dellagi K, Ben Ismail R, 1999. Efficacy of intra-lesional glucantime in the treatment of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in basic health care conditions. Arch Inst Pasteur Tunis 76 :13–18.
Buffet PA, Morizot G, 2003. Cutaneous leishmaniasis in France: towards the end of injectable therapy? Bull Soc Pathol Exot 96 :383–388.
Laffitte E, Genton B, Panizzon RG, 2005. Cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania tropica: treatment with oral fluconazole. Dermatology 210: 249–251.
Ben Salah A, Zakraoui H, Zaatour A, Ftaiti A, Zaafouri B, Garraoui A, Olliaro PL, Dellagi K, Ben Ismail R, 1995. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial in Tunisia treating cutaneous leishmaniasis with paromomycin ointment. Am J Trop Med Hyg 53 :162–166.
Momeni AZ, Aminjavaheri M, Omidghaemi MR, 2003. Treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis with ketoconazole cream. J Dermatolog Treat 14 :26–29.
Asilian A, Jalayer T, Whitworth JA, Ghasemi RL, Nilforooshzadeh M, Olliaro P, 1995. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of a two-week regimen of aminosidine (paromomycin) ointment for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran. Am J Trop Med Hyg 53 :648–651.
Momeni AZ, Jalayer T, Emamjomeh M, Bashardost N, Ghassemi RL, Meghdadi M, Javadi A, Aminjavaheri M, 1996. Treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis with itraconazole. Randomized double-blind study. Arch Dermatol 132 :784–786.
el-Safi SH, Murphy AG, Bryceson AD, Neal RA, 1990. A double-blind clinical trial of the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis with paromomycin ointment. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 84 :690–691.
Iraji F, Sadeghinia A, 2005. Efficacy of paromomycin ointment in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis: results of a double-blind, randomized trial in Isfahan, Iran. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 99 :3–9.
Lanotte G, Rioux JA, Maazoun R, Pasteur N, Pratlong F, Lepart J, 1981. Significance of enzymatic polymorphism in Leishmaniae: on three heterozygous stocks of Leishmania infantum Nicolle, 1908, Leishmania cf. tarentolae Wenyon, 1921 and Leishmania aethiopica Bray, Ashford and Bray, 1973. Ann Parasitol Hum Comp 56 :575–591.
Lanotte G, Rioux JA, Lepart J, Maazoun R, Pasteur N, Pratlong F, 1984. Numerical cladistics of the phylogeny of the genus Leishmania Ross, 1903 (Kinetoplastida-Trypanosomatidae). Use of enzyme characteristics. C R Acad Sci III 299 :769–772.
Navin TR, Arana BA, Arana FE, Berman JD, Chajon JF, 1992. Placebo-controlled clinical trial of sodium stibogluconate (Pentostam) versus ketoconazole for treating cutaneous leishmaniasis in Guatemala. J Infect Dis 165 :528–534.
Martinez S, Marr JJ, 1992. Allopurinol in the treatment of American cutaneous leishmaniasis. N Engl J Med 326 :741–744.
Velez I, Agudelo S, Hendrickx E, Puerta J, Grogl M, Modabber F, Berman J, 1997. Inefficacy of allopurinol as monotherapy for Colombian cutaneous leishmaniasis. A randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 126 :232–236.
Martinez S, Gonzalez M, Vernaza ME, 1997. Treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis with allopurinol and stibogluconate. Clin Infect Dis 24 :165–169.
Zvulunov A, Klaus S, Vardy D, 2002. Fluconazole for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. N Engl J Med 347 :370–371.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 974 | 868 | 251 |
Full Text Views | 296 | 13 | 3 |
PDF Downloads | 102 | 12 | 4 |