LEISHMANIA AMAZONENSIS INFECTIONS IN ORYZOMYS ACRITUS AND ORYZOMYS NITIDUS FROM BOLIVIA

SARA F. KERR Biology Department, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, Texas; Smithsonian Institution, Division of Mammals, Washington, DC; South Texas Veterans Health Care System and University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas

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LOUISE H. EMMONS Biology Department, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, Texas; Smithsonian Institution, Division of Mammals, Washington, DC; South Texas Veterans Health Care System and University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas

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PETER C. MELBY Biology Department, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, Texas; Smithsonian Institution, Division of Mammals, Washington, DC; South Texas Veterans Health Care System and University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas

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CHANG LIU Biology Department, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, Texas; Smithsonian Institution, Division of Mammals, Washington, DC; South Texas Veterans Health Care System and University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas

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LUIS E. PEREZ Biology Department, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, Texas; Smithsonian Institution, Division of Mammals, Washington, DC; South Texas Veterans Health Care System and University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas

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MARIA VILLEGAS Biology Department, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, Texas; Smithsonian Institution, Division of Mammals, Washington, DC; South Texas Veterans Health Care System and University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas

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ROBERT MIRANDA Biology Department, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, Texas; Smithsonian Institution, Division of Mammals, Washington, DC; South Texas Veterans Health Care System and University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas

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Three of thirteen Oryzomys acritus, Emmons and Patton 2005 (Rodentia: Muridae: Sigmodontinae) and 3 of 17 Oryzomys nitidus, Thomas 1884, collected from Noël Kempff National Park, Bolivia, from 2002 to 2005, tested positive for Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis or L. (L.) mexicana and negative for Leishmania (Viannia) spp. using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Based on previous records of L. (L.) amazonensis in humans, rodents, and sand flies from Bolivia, and the geographic distributions of L. (L.) amazonensis and L. (L.) mexicana, it was concluded that the Oryzomys were infected with L. (L.) amazonensis. These results identify two additional species of Oryzomys as hosts of L. (L.) amazonensis, and identify an ecological region of Bolivia where L. (L.) amazonensis is enzootic.

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