ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1
Leelarasamee A, Bovornkitti S, 1989. Melioidosis: review and update. Rev Infect Dis 11 :413–425.
-
2
Dance DA, 2000. Melioidosis as an emerging global problem. Acta Trop 74 :115–119.
-
3
Dance DAB, White NJ, 1996. Melioidosis. Cox FEG, ed. The Wellcome Illustrated History of Tropical Diseases. London: The Wellcome Trust, 72–81.
-
4
Currie B, Smith-Vaughan H, Golledge C, Buller N, Sriprakash KS, Kemp DJ, 1994. Pseudomonas pseudomallei isolates collected over 25 years from a non-tropical endemic focus show clonality on the basis of ribotyping. Epidemiol Infect 113 :307–312.
-
5
Miralles IS, Maciel Mdo C, Angelo MR, Gondini MM, Frota LH, dos Reis CM, Hofer E, 2004. Burkholderia pseudomallei: a case report of a human infection in Ceará, Brazil. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 46 :51–54.
-
6
Currie BJ, Fisher DA, Howard DM, Burrow JNC, Selvanayagam S, Snelling PL, Anstey NM, Mayo M, 2000. The epidemiology of melioidosis in Australia and Papua New Guinea. Acta Trop 74 :121–127.
-
7
Currie BJ, Jacups SP, 2003. Intensity of rainfall and severity of melioidosis, Australia. Emerg Infect Dis 9 :1538–1542.
-
8
Ngauy V, Lemeshev Y, Sadkowski L, Crawford G, 2005. Cutaneous melioidosis in a man who was taken as a prisoner of war by the Japanese during World War II. J Clin Microbiol 43 :970–972.
-
9
Merianos A, Patel M, Lane JM, Noonan CM, Sharrock D, Mock PA, Currie B, 1993. The 1990–1991 outbreak of melioidosis in the Northern Territory of Australia: epidemiology and environmental studies. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 24 :425–435.
-
10
Cheng AC, O’Brien M, Freeman K, Lum G, Currie BJ, 2006. Indirect hemagglutination assay in patients with melioidosis in northern Australia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 74 :330–334.
-
11
Inglis TJJ, Rolim DB, Rodriguez JLN, 2006. Clinical guideline for diagnosis and management of melioidosis. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 48 :1–4.
-
12
Wuthiekanun V, Smith MD, Dance DA, Walsh AL, Pitt TL, White NJ, 1996. Biochemical characteristics of clinical and environmental isolates of Burkholderia pseudomallei.J Med Microbiol 45 :408–412.
-
13
Wuthiekanun V, Smith MD, White NJ, 1995. Survival of Burkholderia pseudomallei in the absence of nutrients. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 89 :491.
-
14
Jones AL, Beveridge TJ, Woods DE, 1996. Intracellular survival of Burkholderia pseudomallei.Infect Immun 64 :782–790.
-
15
Godoy D, Randle G, Simpson AJ, Aanensen DM, Pitt TL, Kinoshita R, Spratt BG, 2003. Multilocus sequence typing and evolutionary relationships among the causative agents of melioidosis and glanders, Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia mallei.J Clin Microbiol 41 :2068–2079.
-
16
Sanford JP, 1977. Melioidosis: forgotten but not gone. Trans Am Clin Climatol Assoc 89 :201–205.
-
17
Mackowiak PA, Smith JW, 1978. Septicemic melioidosis. Occurrence following acute influenza A six years after exposure in Vietnam. JAMA 240 :764–766.
-
18
Chodimella U, Hoppes WL, Whalen S, Ognibene AJ, Rutecki GW, 1997. Septicemia and suppuration in a Vietnam veteran. Hosp Pract 32 :219–221.
-
19
van der Schaaf A, 1979. Veterinary experiences as a Japanese prisoner of war and ex-POW along the Burma railroad from 1942 to January 1946. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd 104 (Suppl 4):212–228.
-
20
Morrison RE, Lamb AS, Craig DB, Johnson WM, 1988. Melioidosis: a reminder. Am J Med 84 :965–967.
-
21
Koponen MA, Zlock D, Palmer DL, Merlin TL, 1991. Melioidosis. Forgotten, but not gone! Arch Intern Med 151 :605–608.
-
22
Lee R, Cross JH, Irving GS, Lane C, Watten RH, 1975. Surveillance of some infectious diseases among aircrew personnel in Southeast Asia. Aviat Space Environ Med 46 :1152–1154.
-
23
Thin RN, 1976. Melioidosis antibodies in Commonwealth soldiers. Lancet 1 :31–33.
-
24
Inglis TJJ, Chang, BJ, Mee BJ, 2001. The environmental microbiology of melioidosis. Rev Med Microbiol 12 :13–20.
-
25
Parry CM, Wuthiekanun V, Hoa NT, Diep TS, Thao LT, Loc PV, Wills BA, Wain J, Hien TT, White NJ, Farrar JJ, 1999. Melioidosis in Southern Vietnam: clinical surveillance and environmental sampling. Clin Infect Dis 29 :1323–1326.
-
26
Vuddhakul V, Tharavitchitkul P, Na-Ngam N, Jitsurong S, Kunthaa B, Noimay P, Noimay P, Binla A, Tamlaikikul B, 1999. Epidemiology of Burkholderia pseudomallei in Thailand. Am J Trop Med Hyg 60 :458–461.
-
27
McCormick JB, Weaver RE, Hayes PS, Boyce JM, Feldman RA, 1977. Wound infection by an indigenous Pseudomonas pseudomallei-like organism isolated from the soil: case report and epidemiologic study. J Infect Dis 135 :103–107.
-
28
Yabuuchi E, Kosako Y, Arakawa M, Hotta H, Yano I, 1992. Identification of Oklahoma isolate as a strain of Pseudomonas pseudomallei.Microbiol Immunol 36 :1239–1249.
-
29
Nussbaum JJ, Hull DS, Carter MJ, 1980. Pseudomonas pseudomallei in an anophthalmic orbit. Arch Ophthalmol 98 :1224–1225.
-
30
McCormick JB, Sexton DJ, McMurray JG, Carey E, Hayes P, Feldman RA, 1975. Human-to-human transmission of Pseudomonas pseudomallei.Ann Intern Med 83 :512–513.
-
31
Biegeleisen JZ Jr, Mosquera R, Cherry WB, 1964. A case of human melioidosis: clinical, epidemiological and laboratory findings. Am J Trop Med Hyg 13 :89–99.
-
32
McDowell F, Varney PL, 1947. Melioidosis: report of first case from the Western Hemisphere. JAMA 134 :361–362.
-
33
Beamer PR, Varney PL, Brown WG, McDowell F, Eck B, 1948. Melioidosis. Report of a second case from the Western hemisphere, with bacteriological studies on both cases. Am J Pathol 24 :717–718.
-
34
Garry MW, Koch ML, 1951. Chronic melioidosis: bacteriological and clinical correlation in diagnosis. J Lab Clin Med 58 :374–383.
-
35
de Castro AF, Campedelli Filho O, Giorgi W, Rosa CA, 1973. Melioidosis and its causative agent: Pseudomonas pseudomallei.Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 15 :43–49.
-
36
Silva SL, Macedo OG, Damaceno CA, de Carvalho MA, Cisalpino EO, 1991. Bacteriological evaluation of wounds in seriously burned hospitalized patients. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 24 :163–168.
-
37
Christenson-Bravo B, Rodriguez JE, Vazquez G, Ramirez Ronda CH, 1986. Pseudomonas pseudomallei (melioidosis): acute septicemia and meningitis in patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Bol Asoc Med P R 78 :347–349.
-
38
Olive C, Loetitia G, Desbois N, Roche B, Jouannelle J, Dodin A, 1995. Forme septicopyohemique de melioidose humanie: un premier cas aux Antilles Francaises. Presse Med 24 :1270.
-
39
Perez JM, Petiot A, Adjide C, Gerry F, Goursaud R, Juminer B, 1997. First case report of melioidosis in Guadeloupe, a French West Indies archipelago. Clin Infect Dis 25 :164–165.
-
40
Dorman SE, Gill VJ, Gallin JI, Holland SM, 1998. Burkholderia pseudomallei infection in a Puerto Rican patient with chronic granulomatous disease: case report and review of occurrences in the Americas. Clin Infect Dis 26 :889–894.
-
41
Magalhaes S, Paiva A, Henrique R, Koch A, 2003. Melioidose; diagnostico diferencial de tumor renal. Acta Urol 2 :31.
-
42
Dance DA, 1991. Melioidois: the tip of the iceberg? Clin Microbiol Rev 4 :52–60.
-
43
Christenson B, Fuxench Z, Morales JA, Suarez-Villamil RA, Souchet LM, 2003. Severe community-acquired pneumonia and sepsis caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei associated with flooding in Puerto Rico. Bol Assoc Med P R 95 :17–20.
-
44
Chierakul W, Winothai W, Wattanawaitunechai C, Wuthiekanun V, Rugtaengan T, Rattanalertnavee J, Jitpratoom P, Chaowagul W, Singhasivanon P, White NJ, Day NP, Peacock SJ, 2005. Melioidosis in six Tsunami survivors in southern Thailand. Clin Infect Dis 41 :982–990.
-
45
Rolim DB, Vilar DC, Sousa AQ, Miralles IS, de Oliveira DC, Harnett G, O’Reilly L, Howard K, Sampson I, Inglis TJJ, 2005. Melioidosis, northeastern Brazil. Emerg Infect Dis 11 :1458–1460.
-
46
Aardema H, Luijnenburg EM, Salm EF, Bijlmer HA, Visser CE, 2005. Van’t Wout, J.W. Changing epidemiology of melioidosis? A case of pulmonary melioidosis with fatal outcome imported from Brazil. Epidemiol Infect 133 :871–875.
-
47
Suputtamongkol Y, Hall AJ, Dance DA, Chaowagul W, Rajchanuvong A, Smith MD, White NJ, 1994. The epidemiology of melioidosis in Ubon Ratchatani, northeast Thailand. Int J Epidemiol 23 :1082–1090.
-
48
Suputtamongkol Y, Chaowagul W, Chetchotisakd P, Lertpatanasuwun N, Intaranongpai S, Ruchutrakool T, Budhsarawong D, Mootsikapun P, Wuthiekanun V, Teerawatasook N, Lulitanond A, 1999. Risk factors for melioidosis and bacteremic melioidosis. Clin Infect Dis 29 :408–413.
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50
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MELIOIDOSIS IN THE AMERICAS
TIMOTHY J. J. INGLIS
TIMOTHY J. J. INGLIS
Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, PathWest Laboratory Medicine Western Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Hospital São José, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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DIONNE B. ROLIM
DIONNE B. ROLIM
Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, PathWest Laboratory Medicine Western Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Hospital São José, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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ANÁSTACIO DE QUEIROZ SOUSA
ANÁSTACIO DE QUEIROZ SOUSA
Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, PathWest Laboratory Medicine Western Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Hospital São José, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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Melioidosis is a potentially severe bacterial infection caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei. There has been growing awareness of the disease in the Americas, particularly since the Vietnam conflict when it was diagnosed in returning service personnel. Accidental laboratory exposure indicates the difficulty making a culture-based diagnosis when melioidosis has not been considered in the differential diagnosis. Melioidosis is most likely underdiagnosed in tropical Central and South America where conditions are more suited to persistence of B. pseudomallei in the environment. Recent melioidosis case clusters in northeastern Brazil highlight the threat posed to rural populations located far from specialist services. Increased clinical awareness of the disease and improvements in laboratory diagnostic methods are likely to bring wider recognition of melioidosis in the Americas.
Author Notes
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BibTeX
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EndNote
-
1
Leelarasamee A, Bovornkitti S, 1989. Melioidosis: review and update. Rev Infect Dis 11 :413–425.
-
2
Dance DA, 2000. Melioidosis as an emerging global problem. Acta Trop 74 :115–119.
-
3
Dance DAB, White NJ, 1996. Melioidosis. Cox FEG, ed. The Wellcome Illustrated History of Tropical Diseases. London: The Wellcome Trust, 72–81.
-
4
Currie B, Smith-Vaughan H, Golledge C, Buller N, Sriprakash KS, Kemp DJ, 1994. Pseudomonas pseudomallei isolates collected over 25 years from a non-tropical endemic focus show clonality on the basis of ribotyping. Epidemiol Infect 113 :307–312.
-
5
Miralles IS, Maciel Mdo C, Angelo MR, Gondini MM, Frota LH, dos Reis CM, Hofer E, 2004. Burkholderia pseudomallei: a case report of a human infection in Ceará, Brazil. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 46 :51–54.
-
6
Currie BJ, Fisher DA, Howard DM, Burrow JNC, Selvanayagam S, Snelling PL, Anstey NM, Mayo M, 2000. The epidemiology of melioidosis in Australia and Papua New Guinea. Acta Trop 74 :121–127.
-
7
Currie BJ, Jacups SP, 2003. Intensity of rainfall and severity of melioidosis, Australia. Emerg Infect Dis 9 :1538–1542.
-
8
Ngauy V, Lemeshev Y, Sadkowski L, Crawford G, 2005. Cutaneous melioidosis in a man who was taken as a prisoner of war by the Japanese during World War II. J Clin Microbiol 43 :970–972.
-
9
Merianos A, Patel M, Lane JM, Noonan CM, Sharrock D, Mock PA, Currie B, 1993. The 1990–1991 outbreak of melioidosis in the Northern Territory of Australia: epidemiology and environmental studies. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 24 :425–435.
-
10
Cheng AC, O’Brien M, Freeman K, Lum G, Currie BJ, 2006. Indirect hemagglutination assay in patients with melioidosis in northern Australia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 74 :330–334.
-
11
Inglis TJJ, Rolim DB, Rodriguez JLN, 2006. Clinical guideline for diagnosis and management of melioidosis. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 48 :1–4.
-
12
Wuthiekanun V, Smith MD, Dance DA, Walsh AL, Pitt TL, White NJ, 1996. Biochemical characteristics of clinical and environmental isolates of Burkholderia pseudomallei.J Med Microbiol 45 :408–412.
-
13
Wuthiekanun V, Smith MD, White NJ, 1995. Survival of Burkholderia pseudomallei in the absence of nutrients. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 89 :491.
-
14
Jones AL, Beveridge TJ, Woods DE, 1996. Intracellular survival of Burkholderia pseudomallei.Infect Immun 64 :782–790.
-
15
Godoy D, Randle G, Simpson AJ, Aanensen DM, Pitt TL, Kinoshita R, Spratt BG, 2003. Multilocus sequence typing and evolutionary relationships among the causative agents of melioidosis and glanders, Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia mallei.J Clin Microbiol 41 :2068–2079.
-
16
Sanford JP, 1977. Melioidosis: forgotten but not gone. Trans Am Clin Climatol Assoc 89 :201–205.
-
17
Mackowiak PA, Smith JW, 1978. Septicemic melioidosis. Occurrence following acute influenza A six years after exposure in Vietnam. JAMA 240 :764–766.
-
18
Chodimella U, Hoppes WL, Whalen S, Ognibene AJ, Rutecki GW, 1997. Septicemia and suppuration in a Vietnam veteran. Hosp Pract 32 :219–221.
-
19
van der Schaaf A, 1979. Veterinary experiences as a Japanese prisoner of war and ex-POW along the Burma railroad from 1942 to January 1946. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd 104 (Suppl 4):212–228.
-
20
Morrison RE, Lamb AS, Craig DB, Johnson WM, 1988. Melioidosis: a reminder. Am J Med 84 :965–967.
-
21
Koponen MA, Zlock D, Palmer DL, Merlin TL, 1991. Melioidosis. Forgotten, but not gone! Arch Intern Med 151 :605–608.
-
22
Lee R, Cross JH, Irving GS, Lane C, Watten RH, 1975. Surveillance of some infectious diseases among aircrew personnel in Southeast Asia. Aviat Space Environ Med 46 :1152–1154.
-
23
Thin RN, 1976. Melioidosis antibodies in Commonwealth soldiers. Lancet 1 :31–33.
-
24
Inglis TJJ, Chang, BJ, Mee BJ, 2001. The environmental microbiology of melioidosis. Rev Med Microbiol 12 :13–20.
-
25
Parry CM, Wuthiekanun V, Hoa NT, Diep TS, Thao LT, Loc PV, Wills BA, Wain J, Hien TT, White NJ, Farrar JJ, 1999. Melioidosis in Southern Vietnam: clinical surveillance and environmental sampling. Clin Infect Dis 29 :1323–1326.
-
26
Vuddhakul V, Tharavitchitkul P, Na-Ngam N, Jitsurong S, Kunthaa B, Noimay P, Noimay P, Binla A, Tamlaikikul B, 1999. Epidemiology of Burkholderia pseudomallei in Thailand. Am J Trop Med Hyg 60 :458–461.
-
27
McCormick JB, Weaver RE, Hayes PS, Boyce JM, Feldman RA, 1977. Wound infection by an indigenous Pseudomonas pseudomallei-like organism isolated from the soil: case report and epidemiologic study. J Infect Dis 135 :103–107.
-
28
Yabuuchi E, Kosako Y, Arakawa M, Hotta H, Yano I, 1992. Identification of Oklahoma isolate as a strain of Pseudomonas pseudomallei.Microbiol Immunol 36 :1239–1249.
-
29
Nussbaum JJ, Hull DS, Carter MJ, 1980. Pseudomonas pseudomallei in an anophthalmic orbit. Arch Ophthalmol 98 :1224–1225.
-
30
McCormick JB, Sexton DJ, McMurray JG, Carey E, Hayes P, Feldman RA, 1975. Human-to-human transmission of Pseudomonas pseudomallei.Ann Intern Med 83 :512–513.
-
31
Biegeleisen JZ Jr, Mosquera R, Cherry WB, 1964. A case of human melioidosis: clinical, epidemiological and laboratory findings. Am J Trop Med Hyg 13 :89–99.
-
32
McDowell F, Varney PL, 1947. Melioidosis: report of first case from the Western Hemisphere. JAMA 134 :361–362.
-
33
Beamer PR, Varney PL, Brown WG, McDowell F, Eck B, 1948. Melioidosis. Report of a second case from the Western hemisphere, with bacteriological studies on both cases. Am J Pathol 24 :717–718.
-
34
Garry MW, Koch ML, 1951. Chronic melioidosis: bacteriological and clinical correlation in diagnosis. J Lab Clin Med 58 :374–383.
-
35
de Castro AF, Campedelli Filho O, Giorgi W, Rosa CA, 1973. Melioidosis and its causative agent: Pseudomonas pseudomallei.Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 15 :43–49.
-
36
Silva SL, Macedo OG, Damaceno CA, de Carvalho MA, Cisalpino EO, 1991. Bacteriological evaluation of wounds in seriously burned hospitalized patients. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 24 :163–168.
-
37
Christenson-Bravo B, Rodriguez JE, Vazquez G, Ramirez Ronda CH, 1986. Pseudomonas pseudomallei (melioidosis): acute septicemia and meningitis in patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Bol Asoc Med P R 78 :347–349.
-
38
Olive C, Loetitia G, Desbois N, Roche B, Jouannelle J, Dodin A, 1995. Forme septicopyohemique de melioidose humanie: un premier cas aux Antilles Francaises. Presse Med 24 :1270.
-
39
Perez JM, Petiot A, Adjide C, Gerry F, Goursaud R, Juminer B, 1997. First case report of melioidosis in Guadeloupe, a French West Indies archipelago. Clin Infect Dis 25 :164–165.
-
40
Dorman SE, Gill VJ, Gallin JI, Holland SM, 1998. Burkholderia pseudomallei infection in a Puerto Rican patient with chronic granulomatous disease: case report and review of occurrences in the Americas. Clin Infect Dis 26 :889–894.
-
41
Magalhaes S, Paiva A, Henrique R, Koch A, 2003. Melioidose; diagnostico diferencial de tumor renal. Acta Urol 2 :31.
-
42
Dance DA, 1991. Melioidois: the tip of the iceberg? Clin Microbiol Rev 4 :52–60.
-
43
Christenson B, Fuxench Z, Morales JA, Suarez-Villamil RA, Souchet LM, 2003. Severe community-acquired pneumonia and sepsis caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei associated with flooding in Puerto Rico. Bol Assoc Med P R 95 :17–20.
-
44
Chierakul W, Winothai W, Wattanawaitunechai C, Wuthiekanun V, Rugtaengan T, Rattanalertnavee J, Jitpratoom P, Chaowagul W, Singhasivanon P, White NJ, Day NP, Peacock SJ, 2005. Melioidosis in six Tsunami survivors in southern Thailand. Clin Infect Dis 41 :982–990.
-
45
Rolim DB, Vilar DC, Sousa AQ, Miralles IS, de Oliveira DC, Harnett G, O’Reilly L, Howard K, Sampson I, Inglis TJJ, 2005. Melioidosis, northeastern Brazil. Emerg Infect Dis 11 :1458–1460.
-
46
Aardema H, Luijnenburg EM, Salm EF, Bijlmer HA, Visser CE, 2005. Van’t Wout, J.W. Changing epidemiology of melioidosis? A case of pulmonary melioidosis with fatal outcome imported from Brazil. Epidemiol Infect 133 :871–875.
-
47
Suputtamongkol Y, Hall AJ, Dance DA, Chaowagul W, Rajchanuvong A, Smith MD, White NJ, 1994. The epidemiology of melioidosis in Ubon Ratchatani, northeast Thailand. Int J Epidemiol 23 :1082–1090.
-
48
Suputtamongkol Y, Chaowagul W, Chetchotisakd P, Lertpatanasuwun N, Intaranongpai S, Ruchutrakool T, Budhsarawong D, Mootsikapun P, Wuthiekanun V, Teerawatasook N, Lulitanond A, 1999. Risk factors for melioidosis and bacteremic melioidosis. Clin Infect Dis 29 :408–413.
-
49
Currie BJ, Inglis TJ, Vannier AM, Novak-Weekley SM, Ruskin J, Mascola L, Bancroft E, Borenstein L, Harvey S, Rosenstein N, Clark TA, Nguyen DM, 2004. Laboratory exposure to Burkholderia pseudomallei–Los Angeles, California, 2003. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 53 :988–990.
-
50
Schlech WF 3rd, Turchik JB, Westlake RE Jr, Klein GC, Band JD, Weaver RE, 1981. Laboratory-acquired infection with Pseudomonas pseudomallei (melioidosis). N Engl J Med 305 :1133–1135.
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