ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1
Walsh JA, 1986. Problems in recognition and diagnosis of amebiasis: estimation of the global magnitude of morbidity and mortality. Rev Infect Dis 8 :228–238.
-
2
Sharma MP, Ahuja V, 2003. Amoebic liver abscess. J Indian Acad Clin Med 4 :107–111.
-
3
Katzenstein D, Rickerson V, Braude A, 1982. New concepts of amebic liver abscess derived from hepatic imaging, serodiagnosis, and hepatic enzymes in 67 consecutive cases in San Diego. Medicine (Baltimore) 68 :237–246.
-
4
Savage DC, 1977. Microbial ecology of the gastrointestinal tract. Annu Rev Microbiol 31 :107–133.
-
5
Moore WEC, Holdeman LV, 1974. Human fecal flora: the normal flora of 20 Japanese-Hawaiians. Appl Microbiol 27 :961–979.
-
6
Simon GL, Gorbach SL, 1984. Intestinal flora in health and disease. Gastroenterology 86 :174–193.
-
7
Nakamura M, 1953. Nutrition and physiology of Entamoeba histolytica.Bacteriol Rev 17 :189–212.
-
8
Bracha R, Kobiler D, Mirelman D, 1982. Attachment and ingestion of bacteria by trophozoite of Entamoeba histolytica.Am J Hyg 5 :371–405.
-
9
Mirelman D, 1987. Ameba-bacterium relationship in amoebiasis. Microbiol Rev 51 :272–284.
-
10
Muller M, 1983. Mode of action of metronidazole on anaerobic bacteria and protozoa. Surgery 93 :165–170.
-
11
Lofmark S, Fang H, Hedberg M, Edlund C, 2005. Inducible metronidazole resistance and nim genes in clinical Bacteroides fragilis group isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 49 :1253–1256.
-
12
Reysset G, Haggoud A, Sebald M, 1993. Genetics of resistance of Bacteroides species to 5-nitroimidazole. Clin Infect Dis 16 :S401–S403.
-
13
Hicks RE, Amann RI, Stahl DA, 1992. Dual staining of natural bacterioplankton with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole and fluorescent oligonucleotide probes targeting kingdom-level 16S rRNA sequences. Appl Environ Microbiol 58 :2158–2163.
-
14
Kane MD, Poulsen LK, Stahl DA, 1993. Monitoring the enrichment and isolation of sulfate-reducing bacteria by using oligonucleotide hybridization probes designed from environmentally derived 16S rRNA sequences. Appl Environ Microbiol 59 :682–686.
-
15
Rekha R, Moshahid Alam R, Jaishree P, 2006. Designing and validation of Genus-specific primers for human gut flora study. J Biotechnol[Online] 15 October 2006, vol. 9, no. 5.
-
16
Menaja JAGF, Simoes F, Sousa AT, Moura P, Collaco MTA, 1996. Bacteroides spp. as alternative indicator organisms: monitoring through PCR 16S- rRNA amplification. OECD Workshop, Mexico: Molecular Methods for Safe Drinking Water.
-
17
Wang RF, Cao WW, Cerniglia CE, 1996. PCR detection and quantitation of predominant anaerobic bacteria in human and animal fecal samples. Appl Environ Microbiol 62 :1242–1247.
-
18
Louie L, Goodfellow J, Mathieu P, Glatt A, Louie M, Simor AE, 2002. Rapid detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococci from blood culture bottles by using a multiplex PCR assay. J Clin Microbiol 40 :2786–2790.
-
19
Srivastava S, Bhattacharya S, Paul J, 2005. Species- and strain-specific probes derived from repetitive DNA for distinguishing Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar.Exp Parasitol 110 :303–308.
-
20
Trinh S, Ryesset G, 1996. Detection by PCR of the nim genes encoding 5-nitroimidazole resistance in Bacteroides spp. J Clin Microbiol 34 :2078–2084.
-
21
Lubbe MM, Botha PL, Chalkley LJ, 1999. Comparative activity of eighteen antimicrobial agents against anaerobic bacteria isolated in South Africa. Eur J Clin Microbiol 18 :46–54.
-
22
Phillips BP, Wolfe PA, Bartgis IL, 1958. Studies on the ameba-bacteria relationship in amebiasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 7 :392–399.
-
23
Goldin B, Dwyer J, Gorbach S, Swenson L, 1978. Influence of diet and age on fecal bacterial enzymes. Am J Clin Nutr 31 :S136–S140.
-
24
Ralph ED, Kirby WM, 1975. Bioassay of metronidazole with either anaerobic or aerobic. J Infect Dis 132 :587–591.
-
25
Tazume S, Ozawa A, Yamamoto T, Takahasi Y, Takeshi K, Saidi SM, Ichoroh CG, Waiyaki PG, 1993. Ecological study on the intestinal microbial flora of patients with diarrhea. Clin Infect Dis 16 :S77–S82.
-
26
Hopkins MJ, Macfarlane GT, 2002. Changes in predominant bacterial populations in human feces with age and with Clostridium difficile infection. J Med Microbiol 51 :448–454.
-
27
Christense HS, Nordentoft S, Olsen JE, 1998. Phylogenetic relationships of Salmonella based on rRNA sequences. Int J Syst Bacteriol 48 :605–610.
-
28
Sullivan A, Edlund C, Nord CE, 2001. Effect of antimicrobial agents on the ecological balance of human microflora. Lancet Infect Dis 1 :101–114.
-
29
Béerens H, Neut C, 2005. Usefulness of bifidobacteria for the detection of faecal contamination in milk and cheese. Le Lait Dairy Sci Technol 85 :33–38.
-
30
Brook I, Walker I, 1983. Infectivity of organisms recovered from polymicrobial abscesses. Infect Immun 42 :986–989.
-
31
Marr JJ, Haff MRC, 1971. Superinfection of an amebic abscess by Salmonella enteriditis.Arch Intern Med 128 :291–294.
-
32
O’ Boyle C, Mac Re C, Mitchell C, 1988. Microbiology of bacterial translocation in humans. Gut 42 :29–35.
-
33
Haque R, Mollah NU, Ali IKM, Alam K, Eubanks A, Lyerly D, Petri WA Jr, 2000. Diagnosis of amebic liver abscess and intestinal infection with the TechLab Entamoeba histolytica II antigen detection and antibody tests. J Clin Microbiol 38 :3235–3239.
-
34
Stubbs SLJ, Brazier JS, Talbot PR, Duerden BI, 2000. PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis for identification of Bacteroides spp. and characterization of nitroimidazole resistance genes. J Clin Microbiol 38 :3209–3213.
-
35
Theron MM, Rensburg MNJV, Chalkley LJ, 2004. Nitroimidazole resistance genes (nim b) in anaerobic Gram-positive cocci (previously Peptostreptococcus spp.). J Antimicrob Chemother 54 :240–242.
-
36
Reysset G, Su WJ, Sebald M, 1992. Genetics of 5-nitroimidazole resistance in Bacteroides. Sebald M, ed. Genetics and Molecular Biology of Anaerobic Bacteria. New York: Springer-Verlag, 494–504.
-
37
Carlier JP, Sellier N, Rager MN, Reysset G, 1997. Metabolism of a 5-nitroimidazole in susceptible and resistant isogenic strains of Bacteroides fragilis.Antimicrob Agents Chemother 41 :1495–1499.
-
38
Trinh S, Haggoud A, Reysset G, Sebald M, 1995. Plasmids pIP419 and pIP421 from Bacteroides: 5-nitroimidazole resistance genes and their upstream insertion sequence elements. Microbiology 141 :927–935.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 110 | 50 | 3 |
| Full Text Views | 281 | 7 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 71 | 8 | 0 |
CHANGES IN BACTERIAL PROFILE DURING AMEBIASIS: DEMONSTRATION OF ANAEROBIC BACTERIA IN ALA PUS SAMPLES
REKHA RANI
REKHA RANI
School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India; Department of Gastroenteology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India; Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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R.S. MURTHY
R.S. MURTHY
School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India; Department of Gastroenteology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India; Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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SUDHA BHATTACHARYA
SUDHA BHATTACHARYA
School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India; Department of Gastroenteology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India; Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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VINEET AHUJA
VINEET AHUJA
School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India; Department of Gastroenteology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India; Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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M.A. RIZVI
M.A. RIZVI
School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India; Department of Gastroenteology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India; Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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JAISHREE PAUL
JAISHREE PAUL
School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India; Department of Gastroenteology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India; Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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Little is known about the changes in gut resident flora during amebic colitis and amebic liver abscess (ALA) caused by Entamoeba histolytica infection. Fecal samples from ALA patients, from healthy E. histolytica negative and positive (asymptomatic) individuals, and from pre- and post-metronidazole–treated healthy volunteers and pus samples from ALA patients were tested for the presence of various bacterial genera using 16S rRNA–based primers. Statistically significant reduction in Lactobacillus due to E. histolytica infection was observed in asymptomatic individuals and ALA patients. On the other hand, reduction in Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, and Clostridium in the same samples was due to metronidazole treatment. Two anaerobic genera, viz. Bacteroides and Peptostreptococcus, were detected in ALA pus samples, and this observation is unprecedented. In addition, PCR revealed metronidazole resistance genes in fecal and pus samples of metronidazole-treated individuals. Re-examination of the ameba-bacterium relationship in amebiasis is suggested.
Author Notes
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1
Walsh JA, 1986. Problems in recognition and diagnosis of amebiasis: estimation of the global magnitude of morbidity and mortality. Rev Infect Dis 8 :228–238.
-
2
Sharma MP, Ahuja V, 2003. Amoebic liver abscess. J Indian Acad Clin Med 4 :107–111.
-
3
Katzenstein D, Rickerson V, Braude A, 1982. New concepts of amebic liver abscess derived from hepatic imaging, serodiagnosis, and hepatic enzymes in 67 consecutive cases in San Diego. Medicine (Baltimore) 68 :237–246.
-
4
Savage DC, 1977. Microbial ecology of the gastrointestinal tract. Annu Rev Microbiol 31 :107–133.
-
5
Moore WEC, Holdeman LV, 1974. Human fecal flora: the normal flora of 20 Japanese-Hawaiians. Appl Microbiol 27 :961–979.
-
6
Simon GL, Gorbach SL, 1984. Intestinal flora in health and disease. Gastroenterology 86 :174–193.
-
7
Nakamura M, 1953. Nutrition and physiology of Entamoeba histolytica.Bacteriol Rev 17 :189–212.
-
8
Bracha R, Kobiler D, Mirelman D, 1982. Attachment and ingestion of bacteria by trophozoite of Entamoeba histolytica.Am J Hyg 5 :371–405.
-
9
Mirelman D, 1987. Ameba-bacterium relationship in amoebiasis. Microbiol Rev 51 :272–284.
-
10
Muller M, 1983. Mode of action of metronidazole on anaerobic bacteria and protozoa. Surgery 93 :165–170.
-
11
Lofmark S, Fang H, Hedberg M, Edlund C, 2005. Inducible metronidazole resistance and nim genes in clinical Bacteroides fragilis group isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 49 :1253–1256.
-
12
Reysset G, Haggoud A, Sebald M, 1993. Genetics of resistance of Bacteroides species to 5-nitroimidazole. Clin Infect Dis 16 :S401–S403.
-
13
Hicks RE, Amann RI, Stahl DA, 1992. Dual staining of natural bacterioplankton with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole and fluorescent oligonucleotide probes targeting kingdom-level 16S rRNA sequences. Appl Environ Microbiol 58 :2158–2163.
-
14
Kane MD, Poulsen LK, Stahl DA, 1993. Monitoring the enrichment and isolation of sulfate-reducing bacteria by using oligonucleotide hybridization probes designed from environmentally derived 16S rRNA sequences. Appl Environ Microbiol 59 :682–686.
-
15
Rekha R, Moshahid Alam R, Jaishree P, 2006. Designing and validation of Genus-specific primers for human gut flora study. J Biotechnol[Online] 15 October 2006, vol. 9, no. 5.
-
16
Menaja JAGF, Simoes F, Sousa AT, Moura P, Collaco MTA, 1996. Bacteroides spp. as alternative indicator organisms: monitoring through PCR 16S- rRNA amplification. OECD Workshop, Mexico: Molecular Methods for Safe Drinking Water.
-
17
Wang RF, Cao WW, Cerniglia CE, 1996. PCR detection and quantitation of predominant anaerobic bacteria in human and animal fecal samples. Appl Environ Microbiol 62 :1242–1247.
-
18
Louie L, Goodfellow J, Mathieu P, Glatt A, Louie M, Simor AE, 2002. Rapid detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococci from blood culture bottles by using a multiplex PCR assay. J Clin Microbiol 40 :2786–2790.
-
19
Srivastava S, Bhattacharya S, Paul J, 2005. Species- and strain-specific probes derived from repetitive DNA for distinguishing Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar.Exp Parasitol 110 :303–308.
-
20
Trinh S, Ryesset G, 1996. Detection by PCR of the nim genes encoding 5-nitroimidazole resistance in Bacteroides spp. J Clin Microbiol 34 :2078–2084.
-
21
Lubbe MM, Botha PL, Chalkley LJ, 1999. Comparative activity of eighteen antimicrobial agents against anaerobic bacteria isolated in South Africa. Eur J Clin Microbiol 18 :46–54.
-
22
Phillips BP, Wolfe PA, Bartgis IL, 1958. Studies on the ameba-bacteria relationship in amebiasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 7 :392–399.
-
23
Goldin B, Dwyer J, Gorbach S, Swenson L, 1978. Influence of diet and age on fecal bacterial enzymes. Am J Clin Nutr 31 :S136–S140.
-
24
Ralph ED, Kirby WM, 1975. Bioassay of metronidazole with either anaerobic or aerobic. J Infect Dis 132 :587–591.
-
25
Tazume S, Ozawa A, Yamamoto T, Takahasi Y, Takeshi K, Saidi SM, Ichoroh CG, Waiyaki PG, 1993. Ecological study on the intestinal microbial flora of patients with diarrhea. Clin Infect Dis 16 :S77–S82.
-
26
Hopkins MJ, Macfarlane GT, 2002. Changes in predominant bacterial populations in human feces with age and with Clostridium difficile infection. J Med Microbiol 51 :448–454.
-
27
Christense HS, Nordentoft S, Olsen JE, 1998. Phylogenetic relationships of Salmonella based on rRNA sequences. Int J Syst Bacteriol 48 :605–610.
-
28
Sullivan A, Edlund C, Nord CE, 2001. Effect of antimicrobial agents on the ecological balance of human microflora. Lancet Infect Dis 1 :101–114.
-
29
Béerens H, Neut C, 2005. Usefulness of bifidobacteria for the detection of faecal contamination in milk and cheese. Le Lait Dairy Sci Technol 85 :33–38.
-
30
Brook I, Walker I, 1983. Infectivity of organisms recovered from polymicrobial abscesses. Infect Immun 42 :986–989.
-
31
Marr JJ, Haff MRC, 1971. Superinfection of an amebic abscess by Salmonella enteriditis.Arch Intern Med 128 :291–294.
-
32
O’ Boyle C, Mac Re C, Mitchell C, 1988. Microbiology of bacterial translocation in humans. Gut 42 :29–35.
-
33
Haque R, Mollah NU, Ali IKM, Alam K, Eubanks A, Lyerly D, Petri WA Jr, 2000. Diagnosis of amebic liver abscess and intestinal infection with the TechLab Entamoeba histolytica II antigen detection and antibody tests. J Clin Microbiol 38 :3235–3239.
-
34
Stubbs SLJ, Brazier JS, Talbot PR, Duerden BI, 2000. PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis for identification of Bacteroides spp. and characterization of nitroimidazole resistance genes. J Clin Microbiol 38 :3209–3213.
-
35
Theron MM, Rensburg MNJV, Chalkley LJ, 2004. Nitroimidazole resistance genes (nim b) in anaerobic Gram-positive cocci (previously Peptostreptococcus spp.). J Antimicrob Chemother 54 :240–242.
-
36
Reysset G, Su WJ, Sebald M, 1992. Genetics of 5-nitroimidazole resistance in Bacteroides. Sebald M, ed. Genetics and Molecular Biology of Anaerobic Bacteria. New York: Springer-Verlag, 494–504.
-
37
Carlier JP, Sellier N, Rager MN, Reysset G, 1997. Metabolism of a 5-nitroimidazole in susceptible and resistant isogenic strains of Bacteroides fragilis.Antimicrob Agents Chemother 41 :1495–1499.
-
38
Trinh S, Haggoud A, Reysset G, Sebald M, 1995. Plasmids pIP419 and pIP421 from Bacteroides: 5-nitroimidazole resistance genes and their upstream insertion sequence elements. Microbiology 141 :927–935.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 110 | 50 | 3 |
| Full Text Views | 281 | 7 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 71 | 8 | 0 |