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-
1
Roll Back Malaria, World malaria report 2005. May 2005. Available at: http://rbm.who.int/wmr2005/. Accessed 6 Dec 2005.
-
2
D’Alessandro U, Olaleye BO, McGuire W, Langerock P, Bennett S, Aikins MK, Thomson MC, Cham MK, Cham BA, Greenwood BM, 1995. Mortality and morbidity from malaria in Gambian children after introduction of an impregnated bednet programme. Lancet 345 :479–483.
-
3
Nevill CG, Some ES, Mung’ala VO, Mutemi W, New L, Marsh K, Lengeler C, Snow RW, 1996. Insecticide-treated bednets reduce mortality and severe morbidity from malaria among children on the Kenyan coast. Trop Med Int Health 1 :139–146.
-
4
Habluetzel A, Diallo DA, Esposito F, Lamizana L, Pagnoni F, Lengeler C, Traore C, Cousens SN, 1997. Do insecticide-treated curtains reduce all-cause child mortality in Burkina Faso? Trop Med Int Health 2 :855–862.
-
5
Phillips-Howard PA, Nahlen BL, Kolczak MS, Hightower AW, ter Kuile FO, Alaii JA, Gimnig JE, Arudo J, Vulule JM, Odhacha A, Kachur SP, Schoute E, Rosen DH, Sexton JD, Oloo AJ, Hawley WA, 2003. Efficacy of permethrin-treated bed nets in the prevention of mortality in young children in an area of high perennial malaria transmission in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (4 Suppl):23–29.
-
6
ter Kuile FO, Terlouw DJ, Phillips-Howard PA, Hawley WA, Friedman JF, Kariuki SK, Shi YP, Kolczak MS, Lal AA, Vulule JM, Nahlen BL, 2003. Reduction of malaria during pregnancy by permethrin-treated bed nets in an area of intense perennial malaria transmission in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (4 Suppl):50–60.
-
7
World Health Organization, The Abuja Declaration and Plan of Action. Excerpt from: The African summit on Roll Back Malaria, Abuja, Nigeria, April 2000. Available at: http://www.rbm.who.int/docs/abuja_declaration.pdf. Accessed December 6, 2005.
-
8
D’Alessandro U, Coosemans M, 2003. Is it feasible to give insecticide-treated bednets free to pregnant women? Lancet 362 :1515–1516.
-
9
Guyatt H, Ochola S, 2003. Use of bednets given free to pregnant women in Kenya. Lancet 362 :1549–1550.
-
10
Curtis C, Maxwell C, Lemnge M, Kilama WL, Steketee RW, Hawley WA, Bergevin Y, Campbell CC, Sachs J, Teklehaimanot A, Ochola S, Guyatt H, Snow RW, 2003. Scaling-up coverage with insecticide-treated nets against malaria in Africa: who should pay? Lancet Infect Dis 3 :304–307.
-
11
Spencer S, Grant AD, Piola P, Tukpo K, Okia M, Garcia M, Salignon P, Genevier C, Kiguli J, Guthmann JP, 2004. Malaria in camps for internally-displaced persons in Uganda: evaluation of an insecticide-treated bed net distribution programme. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 98 :719–727.
-
12
Grabowsky M, Nobiya T, Ahun M, Donna R, Lengor M, Zimmerman D, Ladd H, Hoekstra E, Bello A, Baffoe-Wilmot A, Amofah G, 2005. Distributing insecticide-treated bednets during measles vaccination: a low-cost means of achieving high and equitable coverage. Bull World Health Organ 83 :195–201.
-
13
Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, 2005. Distribution of Insecticide-Treated Bednets During an Integrated Nationwide Immunization Campaign—Togo, West Africa, December 2004. MMWR 54 :994–996.
-
14
The Global Alliance to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis. Available at: http://www.filariasis.org/index.pl?iid=1768. Accessed December 6, 2005.
-
15
World Health Organization, 2002. Annual Report on Lymphatic Filariasis 2001. WHO, Geneva.
-
16
Bogh C, Pedersen EM, Mukoko DA, Ouma JH, 1998. Permethrin-impregnated bed net effects on resting and feeding behaviour of lymphatic filariasis vector mosquitoes in Kenya. Med Vet Entomol 12 :52–59.
-
17
Gimnig JE, Vulule JM, Lo TQ, Kamau L, Kolczak MS, Phillips-Howard PA, Mathenge EM, ter Kuile FO, Nahlen BL, High-tower AW, Hawley WA, 2003. Impact of permethrin-treated bed nets on entomologic indices in an area of intense year-round malaria transmission. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (4 Suppl):16–22.
-
18
Pedersen EM, Mukoko DA, 2002. Impact of insecticide-treated materials on filaria transmission by the various species of vector mosquito in Africa. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 96 (Suppl 2):S91–S95.
-
19
Ottesen EA, 2002. Major progress toward eliminating lymphatic filariasis. N Engl J Med 347 :1885–1886.
-
20
Manga L, 2002. Vector-control synergies, between ‘roll back malaria’ and the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis, in the African region. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 96 (Suppl 2):S129–S132.
-
21
Hopkins DR, Eigege A, Miri ES, Gontor I, Ogah G, Umaru J, Gwomkudu CC, Mathai W, Jinadu M, Amadiegwu S, Oyenekan OK, Korve K, Richards FO Jr, 2002. Lymphatic filariasis elimination and schistosomiasis control in combination with onchocerciasis control in Nigeria. Am J Trop Med Hyg 67 :266–272.
-
22
Bennett S, Woods T, Liyanage WM, Smith DL, 1991. A simplified general method for cluster-sample surveys of health in developing countries. World Health Stat Q 44 :98–106.
-
23
Molyneux DH, Nantulya VM, 2004. Linking disease control programmes in rural Africa: a pro-poor strategy to reach Abuja targets and millennium development goals. BMJ 328 :1129–1132.
-
24
Lindblade KA, Eisele TP, Gimnig JE, Alaii JA, Odhiambo F, ter Kuile FO, Hawley WA, Wannemuehler KA, Phillips-Howard PA, Rosen DH, Nahlen BL, Terlouw DJ, Adazu K, Vulule JM, Slutsker L, 2004. Sustainability of reductions in malaria transmission and infant mortality in western Kenya with use of insecticide-treated bednets: 4 to 6 years of follow-up. JAMA 291 :2571–2580.
-
25
Alaii JA, Hawley WA, Kolczak MS, ter Kuile FO, Gimnig JE, Vulule JM, Odhacha A, Oloo AJ, Nahlen BL, Phillips-Howard PA, 2003. Factors affecting use of permethrin-treated bed nets during a randomized controlled trial in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (4 Suppl):137–141.
-
26
Hawley WA, Phillips-Howard PA, ter Kuile FO, Terlouw DJ, Vulule JM, Ombok M, Nahlen BL, Gimnig JE, Kariuki SK, Kolczak MS, Hightower AW, 2003. Community-wide effects of permethrin-treated bed nets on child mortality and malaria morbidity in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (4 Suppl):121–127.
-
27
Druilhe P, Tall A, Sokhna C, 2005. Worms can worsen malaria: towards a new means to roll back malaria. Trends Parasitol 21 :359–362.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 558 | 476 | 21 |
| Full Text Views | 337 | 5 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 111 | 6 | 0 |
SUCCESSFUL INTEGRATION OF INSECTICIDE-TREATED BED NET DISTRIBUTION WITH MASS DRUG ADMINISTRATION IN CENTRAL NIGERIA
BRIAN G. BLACKBURN
BRIAN G. BLACKBURN
Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; The Carter Center, Jos, Nigeria; The Carter Center, Atlanta, Georgia
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ABEL EIGEGE
ABEL EIGEGE
Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; The Carter Center, Jos, Nigeria; The Carter Center, Atlanta, Georgia
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HABILA GOTAU
HABILA GOTAU
Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; The Carter Center, Jos, Nigeria; The Carter Center, Atlanta, Georgia
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GEORGE GERLONG
GEORGE GERLONG
Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; The Carter Center, Jos, Nigeria; The Carter Center, Atlanta, Georgia
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EMMANUEL MIRI
EMMANUEL MIRI
Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; The Carter Center, Jos, Nigeria; The Carter Center, Atlanta, Georgia
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WILLIAM A. HAWLEY
WILLIAM A. HAWLEY
Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; The Carter Center, Jos, Nigeria; The Carter Center, Atlanta, Georgia
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ELS MATHIEU
ELS MATHIEU
Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; The Carter Center, Jos, Nigeria; The Carter Center, Atlanta, Georgia
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FRANK RICHARDS
FRANK RICHARDS
Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; The Carter Center, Jos, Nigeria; The Carter Center, Atlanta, Georgia
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In Africa anopheline mosquitoes transmit malaria and lymphatic filariasis (LF); insecticide-treated bed nets significantly reduce transmission of both. Insecticide-treated bed net provision to children under 5 (U5) and pregnant women (PW) is a major goal of malaria control initiatives, but use in Africa remains low because of cost and logistics. We therefore integrated insecticide-treated bed net distribution with the 2004 LF/onchocerciasis mass drug administration (MDA) program in Central Nigeria. Community volunteers distributed 38,600 insecticide-treated bed nets, while simultaneously treating 150,800 persons with ivermectin/albendazole (compared with 135,600 in 2003). This was subsequently assessed with a 30-cluster survey. Among surveyed households containing U5/PW, 80% (95% CI, 72–87%) owned ≥ 1 insecticide-treated bed net, a 9-fold increase from 2003. This first linkage of insecticide-treated bed net distribution with mass drug administration resulted in substantial improvement in insecticide-treated bed net ownership and usage, without adversely affecting mass drug administration coverage. Such integration allowed two programs to share resources while realizing mutual benefit, and is one model for rapidly improving insecticide-treated bed net coverage objectives.
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-
1
Roll Back Malaria, World malaria report 2005. May 2005. Available at: http://rbm.who.int/wmr2005/. Accessed 6 Dec 2005.
-
2
D’Alessandro U, Olaleye BO, McGuire W, Langerock P, Bennett S, Aikins MK, Thomson MC, Cham MK, Cham BA, Greenwood BM, 1995. Mortality and morbidity from malaria in Gambian children after introduction of an impregnated bednet programme. Lancet 345 :479–483.
-
3
Nevill CG, Some ES, Mung’ala VO, Mutemi W, New L, Marsh K, Lengeler C, Snow RW, 1996. Insecticide-treated bednets reduce mortality and severe morbidity from malaria among children on the Kenyan coast. Trop Med Int Health 1 :139–146.
-
4
Habluetzel A, Diallo DA, Esposito F, Lamizana L, Pagnoni F, Lengeler C, Traore C, Cousens SN, 1997. Do insecticide-treated curtains reduce all-cause child mortality in Burkina Faso? Trop Med Int Health 2 :855–862.
-
5
Phillips-Howard PA, Nahlen BL, Kolczak MS, Hightower AW, ter Kuile FO, Alaii JA, Gimnig JE, Arudo J, Vulule JM, Odhacha A, Kachur SP, Schoute E, Rosen DH, Sexton JD, Oloo AJ, Hawley WA, 2003. Efficacy of permethrin-treated bed nets in the prevention of mortality in young children in an area of high perennial malaria transmission in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (4 Suppl):23–29.
-
6
ter Kuile FO, Terlouw DJ, Phillips-Howard PA, Hawley WA, Friedman JF, Kariuki SK, Shi YP, Kolczak MS, Lal AA, Vulule JM, Nahlen BL, 2003. Reduction of malaria during pregnancy by permethrin-treated bed nets in an area of intense perennial malaria transmission in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (4 Suppl):50–60.
-
7
World Health Organization, The Abuja Declaration and Plan of Action. Excerpt from: The African summit on Roll Back Malaria, Abuja, Nigeria, April 2000. Available at: http://www.rbm.who.int/docs/abuja_declaration.pdf. Accessed December 6, 2005.
-
8
D’Alessandro U, Coosemans M, 2003. Is it feasible to give insecticide-treated bednets free to pregnant women? Lancet 362 :1515–1516.
-
9
Guyatt H, Ochola S, 2003. Use of bednets given free to pregnant women in Kenya. Lancet 362 :1549–1550.
-
10
Curtis C, Maxwell C, Lemnge M, Kilama WL, Steketee RW, Hawley WA, Bergevin Y, Campbell CC, Sachs J, Teklehaimanot A, Ochola S, Guyatt H, Snow RW, 2003. Scaling-up coverage with insecticide-treated nets against malaria in Africa: who should pay? Lancet Infect Dis 3 :304–307.
-
11
Spencer S, Grant AD, Piola P, Tukpo K, Okia M, Garcia M, Salignon P, Genevier C, Kiguli J, Guthmann JP, 2004. Malaria in camps for internally-displaced persons in Uganda: evaluation of an insecticide-treated bed net distribution programme. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 98 :719–727.
-
12
Grabowsky M, Nobiya T, Ahun M, Donna R, Lengor M, Zimmerman D, Ladd H, Hoekstra E, Bello A, Baffoe-Wilmot A, Amofah G, 2005. Distributing insecticide-treated bednets during measles vaccination: a low-cost means of achieving high and equitable coverage. Bull World Health Organ 83 :195–201.
-
13
Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, 2005. Distribution of Insecticide-Treated Bednets During an Integrated Nationwide Immunization Campaign—Togo, West Africa, December 2004. MMWR 54 :994–996.
-
14
The Global Alliance to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis. Available at: http://www.filariasis.org/index.pl?iid=1768. Accessed December 6, 2005.
-
15
World Health Organization, 2002. Annual Report on Lymphatic Filariasis 2001. WHO, Geneva.
-
16
Bogh C, Pedersen EM, Mukoko DA, Ouma JH, 1998. Permethrin-impregnated bed net effects on resting and feeding behaviour of lymphatic filariasis vector mosquitoes in Kenya. Med Vet Entomol 12 :52–59.
-
17
Gimnig JE, Vulule JM, Lo TQ, Kamau L, Kolczak MS, Phillips-Howard PA, Mathenge EM, ter Kuile FO, Nahlen BL, High-tower AW, Hawley WA, 2003. Impact of permethrin-treated bed nets on entomologic indices in an area of intense year-round malaria transmission. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (4 Suppl):16–22.
-
18
Pedersen EM, Mukoko DA, 2002. Impact of insecticide-treated materials on filaria transmission by the various species of vector mosquito in Africa. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 96 (Suppl 2):S91–S95.
-
19
Ottesen EA, 2002. Major progress toward eliminating lymphatic filariasis. N Engl J Med 347 :1885–1886.
-
20
Manga L, 2002. Vector-control synergies, between ‘roll back malaria’ and the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis, in the African region. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 96 (Suppl 2):S129–S132.
-
21
Hopkins DR, Eigege A, Miri ES, Gontor I, Ogah G, Umaru J, Gwomkudu CC, Mathai W, Jinadu M, Amadiegwu S, Oyenekan OK, Korve K, Richards FO Jr, 2002. Lymphatic filariasis elimination and schistosomiasis control in combination with onchocerciasis control in Nigeria. Am J Trop Med Hyg 67 :266–272.
-
22
Bennett S, Woods T, Liyanage WM, Smith DL, 1991. A simplified general method for cluster-sample surveys of health in developing countries. World Health Stat Q 44 :98–106.
-
23
Molyneux DH, Nantulya VM, 2004. Linking disease control programmes in rural Africa: a pro-poor strategy to reach Abuja targets and millennium development goals. BMJ 328 :1129–1132.
-
24
Lindblade KA, Eisele TP, Gimnig JE, Alaii JA, Odhiambo F, ter Kuile FO, Hawley WA, Wannemuehler KA, Phillips-Howard PA, Rosen DH, Nahlen BL, Terlouw DJ, Adazu K, Vulule JM, Slutsker L, 2004. Sustainability of reductions in malaria transmission and infant mortality in western Kenya with use of insecticide-treated bednets: 4 to 6 years of follow-up. JAMA 291 :2571–2580.
-
25
Alaii JA, Hawley WA, Kolczak MS, ter Kuile FO, Gimnig JE, Vulule JM, Odhacha A, Oloo AJ, Nahlen BL, Phillips-Howard PA, 2003. Factors affecting use of permethrin-treated bed nets during a randomized controlled trial in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (4 Suppl):137–141.
-
26
Hawley WA, Phillips-Howard PA, ter Kuile FO, Terlouw DJ, Vulule JM, Ombok M, Nahlen BL, Gimnig JE, Kariuki SK, Kolczak MS, Hightower AW, 2003. Community-wide effects of permethrin-treated bed nets on child mortality and malaria morbidity in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (4 Suppl):121–127.
-
27
Druilhe P, Tall A, Sokhna C, 2005. Worms can worsen malaria: towards a new means to roll back malaria. Trends Parasitol 21 :359–362.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 558 | 476 | 21 |
| Full Text Views | 337 | 5 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 111 | 6 | 0 |