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-
1
Brockman A, Price RN, van Vugt M, Heppner DG, Walsh D, Sookto P, Wimonwattrawatee T, Looareesuwan S, White NJ, Nosten F, 2000. Plasmodium falciparum antimalarial drug susceptibility on the north-western border of Thailand during five years of extensive use of artesunate-mefloquine. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 94 :537–544.
-
2
von Seidlein L, Bojang K, Jones P, Jaffar S, Pinder M, Obaro S, Doherty T, Haywood M, Snounou G, Gemperli B, Gathmann I, Royce C, McAdam K, Greenwood B, 1998. A randomized controlled trial of artemether/benflumetol, a new antimalarial and pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine in the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in African children. Am J Trop Med Hyg 58 :638–644.
-
3
Von Seidlein L, Milligan P, Pinder M, Bojang K, Anyalebechi C, Gosling R, Coleman R, Ude JI, Sadiq A, Duraisingh M, Warhurst D, Alloueche A, Targett G, McAdam K, Greenwood B, Walraven G, Olliaro P, Doherty T, 2000. 2000. Efficacy of artesunate plus pyrimethamine-sulphadoxine for uncomplicated malaria in Gambian children: a double-blind, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet 355: 352–357. Erratum in. Lancet 355 :2080.
-
4
Adjuik M, Agnamey P, Babiker A, Borrmann S, Brasseur P, Cisse M, Cobelens F, Diallo S, Faucher JF, Garner P, Gikunda S, Kremsner PG, Krishna S, Lell B, Loolpapit M, Matsiegui PB, Missinou MA, Mwanza J, Ntoumi F, Olliaro P, Osimbo P, Rezbach P, Some E, Taylor WR, 2002. Amodiaquine-artesunate versus amodiaquine for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in African children: a randomised, multicentre trial. Lancet 359 :1365–1372.
-
5
Devriendt A, Jansen F, Weemaes I, 1970. Pharmacokinetics of sulfamethoxypyrazine (Kelfizine). Effects of a single oral dose. Eur J Clin Pharm 3 :36–42.
-
6
Dua VK, Sarin R, Gupta NC, Sharma VP, 1988. Sulfalene concentrations in plasma and blood cells of Plasmodium falci-parum malaria cases after treatment with metakelfin using high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl 714 :390–394.
-
7
Hagos B, Khan B, Ofulla AV, Kariuki D, Martin SK, 1993. Response of falciparum malaria to chloroquine and three second line antimalarial drugs in a Kenyan coastal school age population. Afr Med J 70 :620–623.
-
8
Picq JJ, Roux J, Charmot G, Lafaye A, Ricosse JH, 1975. Duration of action of the pyrimethamine-sulfamethopyrazine combination in a Plasmodium falciparum endemic zone. Bull Soc Pathol Exot Filiales 68 :61–67.
-
9
Picq JJ, Charmot G, Ricosse JH, 1972. Comparative study of a single dose of the pyrimethamine-sulfamethopyrazine combination and chloroquine in the treatment of malaria attacks caused by Plasmodium falciparum in semi-immune patients in endemic areas (study carried out in Bobo-Dioulasso, Upper Volta). Med Trop (Mars) 32 :527–546.
-
10
Storey J, Ross-Espagnet A, Mandel S, Matsushima T, Lietart P, Thomas D, Brogger S, Duby C, Gramiccia G, 1973. Sulfalene with pyrimethamine and chloroquine with pyrimethamine in single-dose treatment of Plasmodium falciparum infections. A trial in a rural population in northern Nigeria. Bull World Health Organ 49 :275–282.
-
11
Donno L, 1974. Antifolic combinations in the treatment of malaria. Bull World Health Organ 50 :223–230.
-
12
World Health Organization, 2000. Communicable disease cluster. Severe falciparum malaria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 94 :S1–90.
-
13
Tanabe K, Mackey M, Goman M, Scaife J, 1987. Allelic dimorphic in a surface antigen gene of P. falciparum. J Mol Biol 195 :273–287.
-
14
Peterson MG, Coppel RL, Moloney MB, Kemp DJ, 1988. Third form of the precursor to the major merozoite surface antigens of Plasmodium falciparum. Mol Cell Biol 8 :2664–2667.
-
15
Borre MD, Dziegle M, Hogh B, Petersen E, Rineck K, Riley E, Meis J, Aikaba B, Nakamura K, Harada M, Wind A, Jakobsen P, Cowland J, Jepsen S, Axelsen N, Vuust J, 1991. Primary structure and localisation of a conserved immunogenic P. falciparum glutamate rich protein (GLURP) expressed in both the preerythrocytic and erythrocytic stages of the vertebrate live cycle. Mol Biochem Parasitol 49 :119–132.
-
16
Djimde A, Doumbo OK, Cortese JF, Kayentao K, Doumbo S, Diourte Y, Dicko A, Su XZ, Nomura T, Fidock DA, Wellems TE, Plowe CV, Coulibaly D, 2001. A molecular marker for chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria. N Engl J Med 25 :257–263.
-
17
Ranford-Cartwright LC, Taylor J, Umasunthar T, Taylor LH, Babiker HA, Lell B, Schmidt-Ott JR, Lehman LG, Walliker D, Kremsner PG, 1997. Molecular analysis of recrudescent parasites in a Plasmodium falciparum drug efficacy trial in Gabon. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 91 :719–724.
-
18
World Health Organization, 2003. Assessment and Monitoring of Antimalarial Drug Efficacy for the Treatment of Uncomplicated falciparum Malaria. Geneva: World Health Organization. WHO/HTM/RBM/2003.50.
-
19
Hatz C, Abdulla S, Mull R, Schellenberg D, Gathmann I, Kibatala P, Beck HP, Tanner M, Royce C, 1998. Efficacy and safety of CGP 56697(artemether and benflumetol) compared with chloroquine to treat acute falciparum malaria in Tanzanian children aged 1–5 years. Trop Med Int Health 3 :498–504.
-
20
Looareesuwan S, Wilairatana P, Chokejindachai W, Chalermrut K, Wemsdorfer W, Gemperli B, Gathmann I, Royce C, 1999. A randomized, double-blind, comparative trial of a new oral combination of artemether and benflumetol (CGP 56697) with mefloquine in the treatment of acute Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Thailand. Am J Trop Med Hyg 60 :238–243.
-
21
van Vugt M, Brockman A, Gemperli B, Luxemberger C, Gathmann I, Royce C, Slight T, Looareesuwan S, White NJ, Nosten F, 1998. Randomized comparison of artemether-benflumetol and artesunate-mefloquine in the treatment of multidrug resistant falciparum malaria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 42 :135–139.
-
22
Vugt MV, Wilairatana P, Gemperli B, Gathmann I, Phaipun L, Brockman A, Luxemburger C, White NJ, Nosten F, Looaree-suwan S, 1999. Efficacy of six doses of artemether-lumefantrine (benflumetol) in multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Am J Trop Med Hyg 60 :936–942.
-
23
van Agtmael M, Bouchaud O, Malvy D, Delmont J, Danis M, Barette S, Gras C, Bernard J, Touze JE, Gathmann I, Mull R, 1999. The comparative efficacy and tolerability of CGP 56697 (artemether + lumefantrine) versus halofantrine in treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in travellers returning from the Tropics to The Netherlands and France. Int J Anti-microb Agents 12 :159–169.
-
24
Lefevre G, Looareesuwan S, Treeprasertsuk S, Krudsood S, Silachamroon U, Gathmann I, Mull R, Bakshi R, 2001. A clinical and pharmacokinetic trial of six doses of artemether-lumefantrine for multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Thailand. Am J Trop Med Hyg 64 :247–256.
-
25
Omari AA, Gamble C, Garner P, 2004. Artemether-lumefantrine for uncomplicated malaria: a systematic review. Trop Med Int Health 9 :192–199.
-
26
World Health Organization, 2001. Antimalarial Drug Combination Therapy. Report of a WHO technical consultation. Geneva: World Health Organization. WHO/CDS/RBM/2001.35.
-
27
World Health Organization, 2001. The Use of Antimalarial Drugs. Report of a WHO informal consultation. Geneva: World Health Organization. WHO/CDS/RBM/2001.33.
-
28
Falade C, Makanga M, Premji Z, Ortmann CE, Stockmeyer M, de Palacios PI, 2005. Efficacy and safety of artemether-lumefantrine (Coartem) tablets (six-dose regimen) in African infants and children with acute, uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 99 :459–467.
-
29
White NJ, van Vugt M, Ezzet F, 1999. Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of artemether-lumefantrine. Clin Pharmacokinet 37 :545–548.
-
30
Ezzet F, Mull R, Karbwang J, 1998. Population pharmacokinetics and therapeutic response of CGP 56697 (artemether + benflumetol) in malaria patients. Br J Clin Pharmacol 46 :553–561.
-
31
Triglia T, Menting JGT, Wilson C, Cowman AF, 1997. Mutations in dihydropteroate synthase are responsible for sulfone and sulfonamide resistance in Plasmodium falciparum. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94 :13944–13949.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
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| Abstract Views | 967 | 889 | 40 |
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A RANDOMIZED TRIAL OF ARTESUNATE–SULFAMETHOXYPYRAZINE–PYRIMETHAMINE VERSUS ARTEMETHER–LUMEFANTRINE FOR THE TREATMENT OF UNCOMPLICATED PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM MALARIA IN MALI
ISSAKA SAGARA
ISSAKA SAGARA
Malaria Research and Training Center, Department of Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy, and Odonto-Stomatology, University of Bamako, Bamako, Mali; Dafra Pharma, Turnhout, Belgium
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ALASSANE DICKO
ALASSANE DICKO
Malaria Research and Training Center, Department of Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy, and Odonto-Stomatology, University of Bamako, Bamako, Mali; Dafra Pharma, Turnhout, Belgium
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ABDOULAYE DJIMDE
ABDOULAYE DJIMDE
Malaria Research and Training Center, Department of Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy, and Odonto-Stomatology, University of Bamako, Bamako, Mali; Dafra Pharma, Turnhout, Belgium
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OUSMANE GUINDO
OUSMANE GUINDO
Malaria Research and Training Center, Department of Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy, and Odonto-Stomatology, University of Bamako, Bamako, Mali; Dafra Pharma, Turnhout, Belgium
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MAMADY KONE
MAMADY KONE
Malaria Research and Training Center, Department of Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy, and Odonto-Stomatology, University of Bamako, Bamako, Mali; Dafra Pharma, Turnhout, Belgium
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YOUSSOUF TOLO
YOUSSOUF TOLO
Malaria Research and Training Center, Department of Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy, and Odonto-Stomatology, University of Bamako, Bamako, Mali; Dafra Pharma, Turnhout, Belgium
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MAHAMADOU A. THERA
MAHAMADOU A. THERA
Malaria Research and Training Center, Department of Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy, and Odonto-Stomatology, University of Bamako, Bamako, Mali; Dafra Pharma, Turnhout, Belgium
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MOUSSA SOGOBA
MOUSSA SOGOBA
Malaria Research and Training Center, Department of Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy, and Odonto-Stomatology, University of Bamako, Bamako, Mali; Dafra Pharma, Turnhout, Belgium
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MOUSSA FOFANA
MOUSSA FOFANA
Malaria Research and Training Center, Department of Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy, and Odonto-Stomatology, University of Bamako, Bamako, Mali; Dafra Pharma, Turnhout, Belgium
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AMED OUATTARA
AMED OUATTARA
Malaria Research and Training Center, Department of Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy, and Odonto-Stomatology, University of Bamako, Bamako, Mali; Dafra Pharma, Turnhout, Belgium
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MADY SISSOKO
MADY SISSOKO
Malaria Research and Training Center, Department of Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy, and Odonto-Stomatology, University of Bamako, Bamako, Mali; Dafra Pharma, Turnhout, Belgium
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HERWIG F. JANSEN
HERWIG F. JANSEN
Malaria Research and Training Center, Department of Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy, and Odonto-Stomatology, University of Bamako, Bamako, Mali; Dafra Pharma, Turnhout, Belgium
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OGOBARA K. DOUMBO
OGOBARA K. DOUMBO
Malaria Research and Training Center, Department of Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy, and Odonto-Stomatology, University of Bamako, Bamako, Mali; Dafra Pharma, Turnhout, Belgium
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The choice of artemisinin-based combination that is being adopted for malaria treatment in sub-Saharan Africa may depend on several factors, including cost, efficacy, side effects, and simplicity of administration. We tested the hypothesis that artesunate–sulfamethoxypyrazine–pyrimethamine is as efficacious as the four-dose regimen of artemether–lumefantrine for treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. The study was carried out during two transmission seasons (2003 and 2004) in Sotuba, Mali. Participants at least 6 months of age with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria were randomly assigned to receive artesunate–sulfamethoxypyrazine–pyrimethamine or artemether–lumefantrine. Treatment efficacy was assessed using the World Health Organization 28-day protocol. A total of 606 (303 in each arm) patients were enrolled. The cure rate was higher for artesunate–sulfamethoxypyrazine–pyrimethamine than for artemether–lumefantrine (98.7% versus 89.6%; P < 0.0001). After correction for cases of re-infection, the cure rates were 100% and 99.0%, respectively (P = 0.08). No serious adverse events occurred. Artesunate–sulfamethoxypyrazine–pyrimethamine is well-tolerated and effective against P. falciparum malaria. It showed an additional benefit of preventing new infections.
Author Notes
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RefWorks
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-
1
Brockman A, Price RN, van Vugt M, Heppner DG, Walsh D, Sookto P, Wimonwattrawatee T, Looareesuwan S, White NJ, Nosten F, 2000. Plasmodium falciparum antimalarial drug susceptibility on the north-western border of Thailand during five years of extensive use of artesunate-mefloquine. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 94 :537–544.
-
2
von Seidlein L, Bojang K, Jones P, Jaffar S, Pinder M, Obaro S, Doherty T, Haywood M, Snounou G, Gemperli B, Gathmann I, Royce C, McAdam K, Greenwood B, 1998. A randomized controlled trial of artemether/benflumetol, a new antimalarial and pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine in the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in African children. Am J Trop Med Hyg 58 :638–644.
-
3
Von Seidlein L, Milligan P, Pinder M, Bojang K, Anyalebechi C, Gosling R, Coleman R, Ude JI, Sadiq A, Duraisingh M, Warhurst D, Alloueche A, Targett G, McAdam K, Greenwood B, Walraven G, Olliaro P, Doherty T, 2000. 2000. Efficacy of artesunate plus pyrimethamine-sulphadoxine for uncomplicated malaria in Gambian children: a double-blind, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet 355: 352–357. Erratum in. Lancet 355 :2080.
-
4
Adjuik M, Agnamey P, Babiker A, Borrmann S, Brasseur P, Cisse M, Cobelens F, Diallo S, Faucher JF, Garner P, Gikunda S, Kremsner PG, Krishna S, Lell B, Loolpapit M, Matsiegui PB, Missinou MA, Mwanza J, Ntoumi F, Olliaro P, Osimbo P, Rezbach P, Some E, Taylor WR, 2002. Amodiaquine-artesunate versus amodiaquine for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in African children: a randomised, multicentre trial. Lancet 359 :1365–1372.
-
5
Devriendt A, Jansen F, Weemaes I, 1970. Pharmacokinetics of sulfamethoxypyrazine (Kelfizine). Effects of a single oral dose. Eur J Clin Pharm 3 :36–42.
-
6
Dua VK, Sarin R, Gupta NC, Sharma VP, 1988. Sulfalene concentrations in plasma and blood cells of Plasmodium falci-parum malaria cases after treatment with metakelfin using high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl 714 :390–394.
-
7
Hagos B, Khan B, Ofulla AV, Kariuki D, Martin SK, 1993. Response of falciparum malaria to chloroquine and three second line antimalarial drugs in a Kenyan coastal school age population. Afr Med J 70 :620–623.
-
8
Picq JJ, Roux J, Charmot G, Lafaye A, Ricosse JH, 1975. Duration of action of the pyrimethamine-sulfamethopyrazine combination in a Plasmodium falciparum endemic zone. Bull Soc Pathol Exot Filiales 68 :61–67.
-
9
Picq JJ, Charmot G, Ricosse JH, 1972. Comparative study of a single dose of the pyrimethamine-sulfamethopyrazine combination and chloroquine in the treatment of malaria attacks caused by Plasmodium falciparum in semi-immune patients in endemic areas (study carried out in Bobo-Dioulasso, Upper Volta). Med Trop (Mars) 32 :527–546.
-
10
Storey J, Ross-Espagnet A, Mandel S, Matsushima T, Lietart P, Thomas D, Brogger S, Duby C, Gramiccia G, 1973. Sulfalene with pyrimethamine and chloroquine with pyrimethamine in single-dose treatment of Plasmodium falciparum infections. A trial in a rural population in northern Nigeria. Bull World Health Organ 49 :275–282.
-
11
Donno L, 1974. Antifolic combinations in the treatment of malaria. Bull World Health Organ 50 :223–230.
-
12
World Health Organization, 2000. Communicable disease cluster. Severe falciparum malaria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 94 :S1–90.
-
13
Tanabe K, Mackey M, Goman M, Scaife J, 1987. Allelic dimorphic in a surface antigen gene of P. falciparum. J Mol Biol 195 :273–287.
-
14
Peterson MG, Coppel RL, Moloney MB, Kemp DJ, 1988. Third form of the precursor to the major merozoite surface antigens of Plasmodium falciparum. Mol Cell Biol 8 :2664–2667.
-
15
Borre MD, Dziegle M, Hogh B, Petersen E, Rineck K, Riley E, Meis J, Aikaba B, Nakamura K, Harada M, Wind A, Jakobsen P, Cowland J, Jepsen S, Axelsen N, Vuust J, 1991. Primary structure and localisation of a conserved immunogenic P. falciparum glutamate rich protein (GLURP) expressed in both the preerythrocytic and erythrocytic stages of the vertebrate live cycle. Mol Biochem Parasitol 49 :119–132.
-
16
Djimde A, Doumbo OK, Cortese JF, Kayentao K, Doumbo S, Diourte Y, Dicko A, Su XZ, Nomura T, Fidock DA, Wellems TE, Plowe CV, Coulibaly D, 2001. A molecular marker for chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria. N Engl J Med 25 :257–263.
-
17
Ranford-Cartwright LC, Taylor J, Umasunthar T, Taylor LH, Babiker HA, Lell B, Schmidt-Ott JR, Lehman LG, Walliker D, Kremsner PG, 1997. Molecular analysis of recrudescent parasites in a Plasmodium falciparum drug efficacy trial in Gabon. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 91 :719–724.
-
18
World Health Organization, 2003. Assessment and Monitoring of Antimalarial Drug Efficacy for the Treatment of Uncomplicated falciparum Malaria. Geneva: World Health Organization. WHO/HTM/RBM/2003.50.
-
19
Hatz C, Abdulla S, Mull R, Schellenberg D, Gathmann I, Kibatala P, Beck HP, Tanner M, Royce C, 1998. Efficacy and safety of CGP 56697(artemether and benflumetol) compared with chloroquine to treat acute falciparum malaria in Tanzanian children aged 1–5 years. Trop Med Int Health 3 :498–504.
-
20
Looareesuwan S, Wilairatana P, Chokejindachai W, Chalermrut K, Wemsdorfer W, Gemperli B, Gathmann I, Royce C, 1999. A randomized, double-blind, comparative trial of a new oral combination of artemether and benflumetol (CGP 56697) with mefloquine in the treatment of acute Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Thailand. Am J Trop Med Hyg 60 :238–243.
-
21
van Vugt M, Brockman A, Gemperli B, Luxemberger C, Gathmann I, Royce C, Slight T, Looareesuwan S, White NJ, Nosten F, 1998. Randomized comparison of artemether-benflumetol and artesunate-mefloquine in the treatment of multidrug resistant falciparum malaria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 42 :135–139.
-
22
Vugt MV, Wilairatana P, Gemperli B, Gathmann I, Phaipun L, Brockman A, Luxemburger C, White NJ, Nosten F, Looaree-suwan S, 1999. Efficacy of six doses of artemether-lumefantrine (benflumetol) in multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Am J Trop Med Hyg 60 :936–942.
-
23
van Agtmael M, Bouchaud O, Malvy D, Delmont J, Danis M, Barette S, Gras C, Bernard J, Touze JE, Gathmann I, Mull R, 1999. The comparative efficacy and tolerability of CGP 56697 (artemether + lumefantrine) versus halofantrine in treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in travellers returning from the Tropics to The Netherlands and France. Int J Anti-microb Agents 12 :159–169.
-
24
Lefevre G, Looareesuwan S, Treeprasertsuk S, Krudsood S, Silachamroon U, Gathmann I, Mull R, Bakshi R, 2001. A clinical and pharmacokinetic trial of six doses of artemether-lumefantrine for multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Thailand. Am J Trop Med Hyg 64 :247–256.
-
25
Omari AA, Gamble C, Garner P, 2004. Artemether-lumefantrine for uncomplicated malaria: a systematic review. Trop Med Int Health 9 :192–199.
-
26
World Health Organization, 2001. Antimalarial Drug Combination Therapy. Report of a WHO technical consultation. Geneva: World Health Organization. WHO/CDS/RBM/2001.35.
-
27
World Health Organization, 2001. The Use of Antimalarial Drugs. Report of a WHO informal consultation. Geneva: World Health Organization. WHO/CDS/RBM/2001.33.
-
28
Falade C, Makanga M, Premji Z, Ortmann CE, Stockmeyer M, de Palacios PI, 2005. Efficacy and safety of artemether-lumefantrine (Coartem) tablets (six-dose regimen) in African infants and children with acute, uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 99 :459–467.
-
29
White NJ, van Vugt M, Ezzet F, 1999. Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of artemether-lumefantrine. Clin Pharmacokinet 37 :545–548.
-
30
Ezzet F, Mull R, Karbwang J, 1998. Population pharmacokinetics and therapeutic response of CGP 56697 (artemether + benflumetol) in malaria patients. Br J Clin Pharmacol 46 :553–561.
-
31
Triglia T, Menting JGT, Wilson C, Cowman AF, 1997. Mutations in dihydropteroate synthase are responsible for sulfone and sulfonamide resistance in Plasmodium falciparum. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94 :13944–13949.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 967 | 889 | 40 |
| Full Text Views | 315 | 4 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 115 | 4 | 0 |