UNAIDS/WHO, 2004. Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic; Executive Summary. Available at http://www.unaids.org/bangkok2004/GAR2004_pdf/GAR2004_ExecSumm_en.pdf. Accessed October 16, 2005.
World Health Organization, 2005. WHO 3by5: Summary Country Profile for HIV/AIDS Treatment Scale-up. Available at http://www.who.int/3by5/support/june2005_nic.pdf. Accessed October 16, 2005.
Ministerio de Salud (MINSA) de Nicaragua, Managua 2005. Pro-grama Nacional de ITS/VIH/SIDA. Nicaragua: Vigilancia Epi-demiologica de ITS/VIH/SIDA.
UNAIDS/WHO, 2004. Update: Nicaragua Epidemiological Fact-sheet on HIV/AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Infections. Available at http://www.who.int/GlobalAtlas/predefinedReports/EFS2004/EFS_PDFs/EFS2004_NI.pdf. Accessed October 16, 2005.
UNAIDS/WHO, 2004. Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic: Epislides 7/06/2004 HIV Prevalence in Adults in Latin America and the Carribean, 2003. Available at http://www.unaids.org/html/pub/topics/epidemiology/slides02/adultprevjuly04lactrend_en_ppt.ppt. Accessed October 16, 2005.
Dade Behring Marburg, December 2001. Enzygnost Anti-HIV ½ Plus; reference number OQFK 613, 2-g.
Dade Behring Marburg, March 2003. Enzygnost Syphilis. reference number OWVO 611, 2-g.
Claeys P, Gonzalez C, Gonzalez M, Van Renterghem L, Tem-merman M, 2002. Prevalence and risk factors of sexually transmitted infections and cervical neoplasia in women’s health clinics in Nicaragua. Sex Transm Infect 78 :204–207.
Instituto Nacional de Estadisticas y Censos (INEC) 2004. Esti-maciònes y Proyecciones de la Población Total por año calen-dario según Departemento y Municipio. Periódo 2000–2005. Departemento de Reón. Available at: http://www.inec.gob.ri/estadisticas/proyecciones/proyecleon.htm. Accessed May 28, 2006.
WHO/UNAIDS, 2003. Reconciling Antenatal Clinic-Based Surveillance and Population Based Survey Estimates of HIV Prevalence in Sub Saharan Africa. Available at: http://data/unaids.org/UNA-docs/ANC-Population_surveys_report_en-.pdf. Accessed May 28, 2006.
Alarcon JO, Johnson KM, Courtois B, Rodriguez C, Sanchez J, Watts DM, Holmes KK, 2003. Determinants and prevalence of HIV infection in pregnant Peruvian women. AIDS 17 :613–618.
Zaba B, Gregson S, 1998. Measuring the impact of HIV on fertility in Africa. AIDS 12 (Suppl 1):S41–S50.
UNAIDS/WHO Epislides, 2003. HIV Prevalence Among Men Having Sex With Men in Latin America, 1999-2002. Available at http://www.unaids.org/html/pub/topics/epidemiology/slides02/slide08_epiupdate2003_latamhivprevmsm_en_ppt.ppt. Accessed October 16, 2005.
United Nations Development Program, 2005. Human Development Reports. Nicaragua Indicators. Available at http://hdr.undp.org/statistics/data/cty/cty_f_NIC.html. Accessed October 16, 2005.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
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Abstract Views | 117 | 80 | 6 |
Full Text Views | 243 | 10 | 6 |
PDF Downloads | 57 | 8 | 4 |
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of HIV and syphilis and to identify risk factors among pregnant women visiting antenatal clinics in León, Nicaragua. During February to April 2004, blood samples from pregnant women were collected after written consent had been obtained. The samples were tested for antibodies against HIV and Treponema pallidum. A questionnaire was also completed. In total, 1,059 women were included. Antibodies against HIV were not detected in any of the women, whereas antibodies against T. pallidum were detected in 16 (1.5%). Risk factors for syphilis included illiteracy, lower education, and two or more pregnancies. HIV does not seem to be highly prevalent among pregnant women in León (prevalence, 0%; 95% CI, 0.0–0.3). The higher proportion of women infected with syphilis than found in earlier studies suggests that sexually transmitted diseases are circulating in the general population and highlights the increasing importance of HIV prevention.
UNAIDS/WHO, 2004. Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic; Executive Summary. Available at http://www.unaids.org/bangkok2004/GAR2004_pdf/GAR2004_ExecSumm_en.pdf. Accessed October 16, 2005.
World Health Organization, 2005. WHO 3by5: Summary Country Profile for HIV/AIDS Treatment Scale-up. Available at http://www.who.int/3by5/support/june2005_nic.pdf. Accessed October 16, 2005.
Ministerio de Salud (MINSA) de Nicaragua, Managua 2005. Pro-grama Nacional de ITS/VIH/SIDA. Nicaragua: Vigilancia Epi-demiologica de ITS/VIH/SIDA.
UNAIDS/WHO, 2004. Update: Nicaragua Epidemiological Fact-sheet on HIV/AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Infections. Available at http://www.who.int/GlobalAtlas/predefinedReports/EFS2004/EFS_PDFs/EFS2004_NI.pdf. Accessed October 16, 2005.
UNAIDS/WHO, 2004. Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic: Epislides 7/06/2004 HIV Prevalence in Adults in Latin America and the Carribean, 2003. Available at http://www.unaids.org/html/pub/topics/epidemiology/slides02/adultprevjuly04lactrend_en_ppt.ppt. Accessed October 16, 2005.
Dade Behring Marburg, December 2001. Enzygnost Anti-HIV ½ Plus; reference number OQFK 613, 2-g.
Dade Behring Marburg, March 2003. Enzygnost Syphilis. reference number OWVO 611, 2-g.
Claeys P, Gonzalez C, Gonzalez M, Van Renterghem L, Tem-merman M, 2002. Prevalence and risk factors of sexually transmitted infections and cervical neoplasia in women’s health clinics in Nicaragua. Sex Transm Infect 78 :204–207.
Instituto Nacional de Estadisticas y Censos (INEC) 2004. Esti-maciònes y Proyecciones de la Población Total por año calen-dario según Departemento y Municipio. Periódo 2000–2005. Departemento de Reón. Available at: http://www.inec.gob.ri/estadisticas/proyecciones/proyecleon.htm. Accessed May 28, 2006.
WHO/UNAIDS, 2003. Reconciling Antenatal Clinic-Based Surveillance and Population Based Survey Estimates of HIV Prevalence in Sub Saharan Africa. Available at: http://data/unaids.org/UNA-docs/ANC-Population_surveys_report_en-.pdf. Accessed May 28, 2006.
Alarcon JO, Johnson KM, Courtois B, Rodriguez C, Sanchez J, Watts DM, Holmes KK, 2003. Determinants and prevalence of HIV infection in pregnant Peruvian women. AIDS 17 :613–618.
Zaba B, Gregson S, 1998. Measuring the impact of HIV on fertility in Africa. AIDS 12 (Suppl 1):S41–S50.
UNAIDS/WHO Epislides, 2003. HIV Prevalence Among Men Having Sex With Men in Latin America, 1999-2002. Available at http://www.unaids.org/html/pub/topics/epidemiology/slides02/slide08_epiupdate2003_latamhivprevmsm_en_ppt.ppt. Accessed October 16, 2005.
United Nations Development Program, 2005. Human Development Reports. Nicaragua Indicators. Available at http://hdr.undp.org/statistics/data/cty/cty_f_NIC.html. Accessed October 16, 2005.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 117 | 80 | 6 |
Full Text Views | 243 | 10 | 6 |
PDF Downloads | 57 | 8 | 4 |