ARE CYTOCHROME B GENE SEQUENCING AND POLYMORPHISM-SPECIFIC POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION AS RELIABLE AS MULTILOCUS ENZYME ELECTROPHORESIS FOR IDENTIFYING LEISHMANIA SPP. FROM ARGENTINA?

JORGE D. MARCO Department of Parasitology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan; Instituto de Patología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Salta /Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Salta, Argentina; Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan; Department of Tumor Genetics & Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Instituto de Enfermedades Tropicales, Sede Regional Orán, Universidad Nacional de Salta, San Ramón de la Nueva Orán, Argentina

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HIROSHI UEZATO Department of Parasitology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan; Instituto de Patología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Salta /Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Salta, Argentina; Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan; Department of Tumor Genetics & Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Instituto de Enfermedades Tropicales, Sede Regional Orán, Universidad Nacional de Salta, San Ramón de la Nueva Orán, Argentina

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TATSUYUKI MIMORI Department of Parasitology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan; Instituto de Patología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Salta /Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Salta, Argentina; Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan; Department of Tumor Genetics & Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Instituto de Enfermedades Tropicales, Sede Regional Orán, Universidad Nacional de Salta, San Ramón de la Nueva Orán, Argentina

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PAOLA A. BARROSO Department of Parasitology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan; Instituto de Patología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Salta /Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Salta, Argentina; Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan; Department of Tumor Genetics & Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Instituto de Enfermedades Tropicales, Sede Regional Orán, Universidad Nacional de Salta, San Ramón de la Nueva Orán, Argentina

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MASATAKA KORENAGA Department of Parasitology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan; Instituto de Patología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Salta /Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Salta, Argentina; Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan; Department of Tumor Genetics & Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Instituto de Enfermedades Tropicales, Sede Regional Orán, Universidad Nacional de Salta, San Ramón de la Nueva Orán, Argentina

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SHIGEO NONAKA Department of Parasitology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan; Instituto de Patología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Salta /Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Salta, Argentina; Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan; Department of Tumor Genetics & Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Instituto de Enfermedades Tropicales, Sede Regional Orán, Universidad Nacional de Salta, San Ramón de la Nueva Orán, Argentina

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MIGUEL A. BASOMBRÍO Department of Parasitology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan; Instituto de Patología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Salta /Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Salta, Argentina; Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan; Department of Tumor Genetics & Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Instituto de Enfermedades Tropicales, Sede Regional Orán, Universidad Nacional de Salta, San Ramón de la Nueva Orán, Argentina

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NÉSTOR J. TARANTO Department of Parasitology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan; Instituto de Patología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Salta /Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Salta, Argentina; Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan; Department of Tumor Genetics & Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Instituto de Enfermedades Tropicales, Sede Regional Orán, Universidad Nacional de Salta, San Ramón de la Nueva Orán, Argentina

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YOSHIHISA HASHIGUCHI Department of Parasitology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan; Instituto de Patología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Salta /Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Salta, Argentina; Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan; Department of Tumor Genetics & Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Instituto de Enfermedades Tropicales, Sede Regional Orán, Universidad Nacional de Salta, San Ramón de la Nueva Orán, Argentina

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Recently, two techniques, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and sequencing of cytochrome b gene (cyt b gene sequencing) and polymorphism-specific PCR (PS-PCR) were recommended for Leishmania species identification. Before this study, however, the accuracy of these methods had not been tested against the multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, the current gold standard technique on this task. Therefore, a trial was done for the first time to compare the results obtained by these techniques, using 17 Argentinean Leishmania stocks in independent assays. For all the stocks examined, the same results at species level were obtained by the three techniques. Among them, 14 were assigned to L. (Viannia) braziliensis, and three to L. (V.) guyanensis. The two techniques, cyt b gene sequencing and PS-PCR, were able to distinguish between all the proven species responsible for leishmaniases in Argentina. Thus, both techniques were validated and could be used independently for the species designation of Leishmania parasites in the country.

Author Notes

Reprint requests: Jorge D. Marco, Department of Parasitology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan. Tel-Fax: +81 88 880 2415. E-mail: marcojd@med.kochi-ms.ac.jp.
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    Diosque P, Barnabé C, Padilla AM, Marco JD, Cardozo RM, Cimino RO, Nasser JR, Tibayrenc M, Basombrío MA, 2003. Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis analysis of Trypanosoma cruzi isolates from a geographically restricted endemic area for Chagas disease in Argentina. Int J Parasitol 33 :997–1003.

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