World Health Organization, 2004. International Travel and Health: Vaccination Requirements and Health Advice. Available from www.who.int/ith/
Muentener P, Schlagenhauf P, Steffen R, 1999. Imported malaria (1985–95): trends and perspectives. Bull World Health Organ 77 :560–566.
Kain KC, Keystone JS, 1998. Malaria in travelers. Epidemiology, disease, and prevention. Infect Dis Clin North Am 12 :267–284.
Chen LH, Keystone JS, 2005. New strategies for the prevention of malaria in travelers. Infect Dis Clin North Am 19 :185–210.
Wernsdorfer WH, 1991. The development and spread of drug-resistant malaria. Parasitol Today 7 :297–303.
Schlagenhauf P, Tschopp A, Johnson R, Nothdurft HD, Beck B, Schwartz E, Herold M, Krebs B, Veit O, Allwinn R, Steffen R, 2003. Tolerability of malaria chemoprophylaxis in non-immune travellers to sub-Saharan Africa: multicentre, randomised, double blind, four arm study. BMJ 327 :1078.
Lobel HO, Phillips-Howard PA, Brandling-Bennett AD, Steffen R, Campbell CC, Huong AY, Were JB, Moser R, 1990. Malaria incidence and prevention among European and north American travellers to Kenya. Bull World Health Organ 68 :209–215.
Archibald CP, Mak JW, Mathias RG, Selvajothi S, 1990. Antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum in an indigenous population from a malaria endemic area of Malaysia. Acta Trop 48 :149–157.
1992. The level of anti-sporozoite antibodies in a highly endemic malaria area and its relationship with exposure to mosquitoes. Kilombero Malaria Project. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 86 :499–504.
Romi R, Sabatinelli G, Majori G, Ralamboranto L, Raveloarifera F, Ranaivoharimina H, 1994. Plasmodium falciparum circum-sporozoite antibody prevalence in Madagascar: a longitudinal study in three different epidemiologic areas. Am J Trop Med Hyg 51 :856–863.
Cobelens FG, Verhave JP, Leentvaar-Kuijpers A, Kager PA, 1998. Testing for anti-circumsporozoite and anti-blood-stage antibodies for epidemiologic assessment of Plasmodium falciparum infection in travelers. Am J Trop Med Hyg 58 :75–80.
Bwire R, Slootman EJ, Verhave JP, Bruins J, Docters van Leeuwen WM, 1998. Malaria anticircumsporozoite antibodies in Dutch soldiers returning from sub-Saharan Africa. Trop Med Int Health 3 :66–69.
Nothdurft HD, Jelinek T, Blum LA, von Sonnenburg F, Loscher T, 1999. Seroconversion to circumsporozoite antigen of Plasmodium falciparum demonstrates a high risk of malaria transmission in travelers to east Africa. Clin Infect Dis 28 :641–642.
Zavala F, Tam JP, Masuda A, 1986. Synthetic peptides as antigens for the detection of humoral immunity to Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites. J Immunol Methods 93 :55–61.
Druilhe P, Pradier O, Marc JP, Miltgen F, Mazier D, Parent G, 1986. Levels of antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite surface antigens reflect malaria transmission rates and are persistent in the absence of reinfection. Infect Immun 53 :393–397.
Jelinek T, Nothdurft HD, Loscher T, 1995. Evaluation of circum-sporozoite antibody testing as a sero-epidemiological tool for the detection of Plasmodium falciparum infection in non-immune travelers. Trop Med Parasitol 46 :154–157.
Webster HK, Gingrich JB, Wongsrichanalai C, Tulyayon S, Suvarnamani A, Sookto P, Permpanich B, 1992. Circumsporozoite antibody as a serologic marker of Plasmodium falciparum transmission. Am J Trop Med Hyg 47 :489–497.
John CC, Zickafoose JS, Sumba PO, King CL, Kazura JW, 2003. Antibodies to the Plasmodium falciparum antigens circum-sporozoite protein, thrombospondin-related adhesive protein, and liver-stage antigen 1 vary by ages of subjects and by season in a highland area of Kenya. Infect Immun 71 :4320–4325.
Migot-Nabias F, Deloron P, Ringwald P, Dubois B, Mayombo J, Minh TN, Fievet N, Millet P, Luty A, 2000. Immune response to Plasmodium falciparum liver stage antigen-1: geographical variations within Central Africa and their relationship with protection from clinical malaria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 94 :557–562.
Meraldi V, Nebie I, Tiono AB, Diallo D, Sanogo E, Theisen M, Druilhe P, Corradin G, Moret R, Sirima BS, 2004. Natural antibody response to Plasmodium falciparum Exp-1, MSP-3 and GLURP long synthetic peptides and association with protection. Parasite Immunol 26 :265–272.
Drakeley CJ, Corran PH, Coleman PG, Tongren JE, McDonald SL, Carneiro I, Malima R, Lusingu J, Manjurano A, Nkya WM, Lemnge MM, Cox J, Reyburn H, Riley EM, 2005. Estimating medium- and long-term trends in malaria transmission by using serological markers of malaria exposure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102 :5108–5113.
Druilhe PRL, Fidock D, 1998. Immunity to liver stages. Sherman IW, ed. Malaria: Parasite Biology, Pathogenesis and Protection. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology Press, 513–540.
Fidock DA, Gras-Masse H, Lepers JP, Brahimi K, Benmohamed L, Mellouk S, Guerin-Marchand C, Londono A, Raharimalala L, Meis JF, 1994. Plasmodium falciparum liver stage antigen-1 is well conserved and contains potent B and T cell determinants. J Immunol 153 :190–204.
Bottius E, BenMohamed L, Brahimi K, Gras H, Lepers JP, Raharimalala L, Aikawa M, Meis J, Slierendregt B, Tartar A, Thomas A, Druilhe P, 1996. A novel Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite and liver stage antigen (SALSA) defines major B, T helper, and CTL epitopes. J Immunol 156 :2874–2884.
Pasquetto V, Fidock DA, Gras H, Badell E, Eling W, Ballou WR, Belghiti J, Tartar A, Druilhe P, 1997. Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite invasion is inhibited by naturally acquired or experimentally induced polyclonal antibodies to the STARP antigen. Eur J Immunol 27 :2502–2513.
Guerin-Marchand C, Druilhe P, Galey B, Londono A, Patarapotikul J, Beaudoin RL, Dubeaux C, Tartar A, Mercereau-Puijalon O, Langsley G, 1987. A liver-stage-specific antigen of Plasmodium falciparum characterized by gene cloning. Nature 329 :164–167.
Jelinek T, Bluml A, Loscher T, Nothdurft HD, 1998. Assessing the incidence of infection with Plasmodium falciparum among international travelers. Am J Trop Med Hyg 59 :35–37.
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Protective devices against vectors are used by travelers in malaria-endemic areas but their efficacy for protection against mosquitoes has rarely been evaluated. The level of exposure to malaria transmission of 205 soldiers deployed in Africa and the efficacy of their anti-vector prophylaxis was evaluated by comparison of their IgM and IgG responses against five pre-erythrocytic Plasmodium falciparum antigens (circumsporozoite protein, sporozoite threonine- and asparagine-rich protein, sporozoite- and liver-stage antigen, liver stage antigen 1, and SR11.1) before and at the end of their deployment, and three months after returning to France for 106 of these soldiers. The immune responses increased significantly during the mission in 35% (95% confidence interval = 28–42%) of the individuals. The permanent use of insecticide-treated bed nets and long-sleeve battle dress at night were associated with protective efficacy. The analysis of these antibody responses was sensitive enough to evaluate exposure to malaria transmission and the efficacy of anti-vector devices in travelers using antimalarial chemoprophylaxis.
World Health Organization, 2004. International Travel and Health: Vaccination Requirements and Health Advice. Available from www.who.int/ith/
Muentener P, Schlagenhauf P, Steffen R, 1999. Imported malaria (1985–95): trends and perspectives. Bull World Health Organ 77 :560–566.
Kain KC, Keystone JS, 1998. Malaria in travelers. Epidemiology, disease, and prevention. Infect Dis Clin North Am 12 :267–284.
Chen LH, Keystone JS, 2005. New strategies for the prevention of malaria in travelers. Infect Dis Clin North Am 19 :185–210.
Wernsdorfer WH, 1991. The development and spread of drug-resistant malaria. Parasitol Today 7 :297–303.
Schlagenhauf P, Tschopp A, Johnson R, Nothdurft HD, Beck B, Schwartz E, Herold M, Krebs B, Veit O, Allwinn R, Steffen R, 2003. Tolerability of malaria chemoprophylaxis in non-immune travellers to sub-Saharan Africa: multicentre, randomised, double blind, four arm study. BMJ 327 :1078.
Lobel HO, Phillips-Howard PA, Brandling-Bennett AD, Steffen R, Campbell CC, Huong AY, Were JB, Moser R, 1990. Malaria incidence and prevention among European and north American travellers to Kenya. Bull World Health Organ 68 :209–215.
Archibald CP, Mak JW, Mathias RG, Selvajothi S, 1990. Antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum in an indigenous population from a malaria endemic area of Malaysia. Acta Trop 48 :149–157.
1992. The level of anti-sporozoite antibodies in a highly endemic malaria area and its relationship with exposure to mosquitoes. Kilombero Malaria Project. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 86 :499–504.
Romi R, Sabatinelli G, Majori G, Ralamboranto L, Raveloarifera F, Ranaivoharimina H, 1994. Plasmodium falciparum circum-sporozoite antibody prevalence in Madagascar: a longitudinal study in three different epidemiologic areas. Am J Trop Med Hyg 51 :856–863.
Cobelens FG, Verhave JP, Leentvaar-Kuijpers A, Kager PA, 1998. Testing for anti-circumsporozoite and anti-blood-stage antibodies for epidemiologic assessment of Plasmodium falciparum infection in travelers. Am J Trop Med Hyg 58 :75–80.
Bwire R, Slootman EJ, Verhave JP, Bruins J, Docters van Leeuwen WM, 1998. Malaria anticircumsporozoite antibodies in Dutch soldiers returning from sub-Saharan Africa. Trop Med Int Health 3 :66–69.
Nothdurft HD, Jelinek T, Blum LA, von Sonnenburg F, Loscher T, 1999. Seroconversion to circumsporozoite antigen of Plasmodium falciparum demonstrates a high risk of malaria transmission in travelers to east Africa. Clin Infect Dis 28 :641–642.
Zavala F, Tam JP, Masuda A, 1986. Synthetic peptides as antigens for the detection of humoral immunity to Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites. J Immunol Methods 93 :55–61.
Druilhe P, Pradier O, Marc JP, Miltgen F, Mazier D, Parent G, 1986. Levels of antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite surface antigens reflect malaria transmission rates and are persistent in the absence of reinfection. Infect Immun 53 :393–397.
Jelinek T, Nothdurft HD, Loscher T, 1995. Evaluation of circum-sporozoite antibody testing as a sero-epidemiological tool for the detection of Plasmodium falciparum infection in non-immune travelers. Trop Med Parasitol 46 :154–157.
Webster HK, Gingrich JB, Wongsrichanalai C, Tulyayon S, Suvarnamani A, Sookto P, Permpanich B, 1992. Circumsporozoite antibody as a serologic marker of Plasmodium falciparum transmission. Am J Trop Med Hyg 47 :489–497.
John CC, Zickafoose JS, Sumba PO, King CL, Kazura JW, 2003. Antibodies to the Plasmodium falciparum antigens circum-sporozoite protein, thrombospondin-related adhesive protein, and liver-stage antigen 1 vary by ages of subjects and by season in a highland area of Kenya. Infect Immun 71 :4320–4325.
Migot-Nabias F, Deloron P, Ringwald P, Dubois B, Mayombo J, Minh TN, Fievet N, Millet P, Luty A, 2000. Immune response to Plasmodium falciparum liver stage antigen-1: geographical variations within Central Africa and their relationship with protection from clinical malaria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 94 :557–562.
Meraldi V, Nebie I, Tiono AB, Diallo D, Sanogo E, Theisen M, Druilhe P, Corradin G, Moret R, Sirima BS, 2004. Natural antibody response to Plasmodium falciparum Exp-1, MSP-3 and GLURP long synthetic peptides and association with protection. Parasite Immunol 26 :265–272.
Drakeley CJ, Corran PH, Coleman PG, Tongren JE, McDonald SL, Carneiro I, Malima R, Lusingu J, Manjurano A, Nkya WM, Lemnge MM, Cox J, Reyburn H, Riley EM, 2005. Estimating medium- and long-term trends in malaria transmission by using serological markers of malaria exposure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102 :5108–5113.
Druilhe PRL, Fidock D, 1998. Immunity to liver stages. Sherman IW, ed. Malaria: Parasite Biology, Pathogenesis and Protection. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology Press, 513–540.
Fidock DA, Gras-Masse H, Lepers JP, Brahimi K, Benmohamed L, Mellouk S, Guerin-Marchand C, Londono A, Raharimalala L, Meis JF, 1994. Plasmodium falciparum liver stage antigen-1 is well conserved and contains potent B and T cell determinants. J Immunol 153 :190–204.
Bottius E, BenMohamed L, Brahimi K, Gras H, Lepers JP, Raharimalala L, Aikawa M, Meis J, Slierendregt B, Tartar A, Thomas A, Druilhe P, 1996. A novel Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite and liver stage antigen (SALSA) defines major B, T helper, and CTL epitopes. J Immunol 156 :2874–2884.
Pasquetto V, Fidock DA, Gras H, Badell E, Eling W, Ballou WR, Belghiti J, Tartar A, Druilhe P, 1997. Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite invasion is inhibited by naturally acquired or experimentally induced polyclonal antibodies to the STARP antigen. Eur J Immunol 27 :2502–2513.
Guerin-Marchand C, Druilhe P, Galey B, Londono A, Patarapotikul J, Beaudoin RL, Dubeaux C, Tartar A, Mercereau-Puijalon O, Langsley G, 1987. A liver-stage-specific antigen of Plasmodium falciparum characterized by gene cloning. Nature 329 :164–167.
Jelinek T, Bluml A, Loscher T, Nothdurft HD, 1998. Assessing the incidence of infection with Plasmodium falciparum among international travelers. Am J Trop Med Hyg 59 :35–37.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 244 | 232 | 100 |
Full Text Views | 245 | 4 | 1 |
PDF Downloads | 49 | 3 | 1 |