ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1
Brewster SJ, Taylor DN, 2004. Epidemiology of travelers’ diarrhea. Keystone JS, Kozarsky PE, Freedman DO, Nothdurft HD, Connor BA, eds. Travel Medicine. First Edition. New York, NY: Mosby, Elsevier, 175–184.
-
2
Steffen R, Tornieporth N, Clemens SA, Chatterjee S, Cavalcanti AM, Collard F, De Clercq N, DuPont HL, von Sonnenburg F, 2004. Epidemiology of travelers’ diarrhea: details of a global survey. J Travel Med 11 :231–238.
-
3
Steffen R, 1986. Epidemiologic studies of travelers’ diarrhea, severe gastrointestinal infections, and cholera. Rev Infect Dis 8 :S122–S130.
-
4
Merson MH, Morris GK, Sack DA, Wells JG, Feeley JC, Sack RB, Creech WB, Kapikian AZ, Gangarosa EJ, 1976. Travelers’ diarrhea in Mexico. A prospective study of physicians and family members attending a congress. N Engl J Med 294 :1299–1305.
-
5
Taylor DN, Houston R, Shlim DR, Bhaibulaya M, Ungar BL, Echeverria P, 1988. Etiology of diarrhea among travelers and foreign residents in Nepal. JAMA 260 :1245–1248.
-
6
Adachi JA, Jiang ZD, Mathewson JJ, Verenkar MP, Thompson S, Martinez-Sandoval F, Steffen R, Ericsson CD, DuPont HL, 2001. Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli as a major etiologic agent in traveler’s diarrhea in 3 regions of the world. Clin Infect Dis 32 :1706–1709.
-
7
DuPont HL, Ericsson CD, 1993. Prevention and treatment of traveler’s diarrhea. N Engl J Med 328 :1821–1827.
-
8
Taylor DN, Echeverria P, Blaser MJ, Pitarangsi C, Blacklow NR, Cross JH, Weniger B, 1985. Polymicrobial aetiology of travellers’ diarrhoea. Lancet 1 :381–383.
-
9
Ryan ET, Wilson ME, Kain KC, 2002. Illness after international travel. N Engl J Med 347 :505–516.
-
10
Ericsson CD, DuPont HL, 1993. Travelers’ diarrhea: approaches to prevention and treatment. Clin Infect Dis 16 :616–624.
-
11
Hyams KC, Bourgeois AL, Merrell BR, Rozmajzl P, Escamilla J, Thornton SA, Wasserman GM, Burke A, Echeverria P, Green KY, 1991. Diarrheal disease during Operation Desert Shield. N Engl J Med 325 :1423–1428.
-
12
Taylor DN, Connor BA, Shlim DR, 1999. Chronic diarrhea in the returned traveler. Med Clin North Am 83 :1033–1052.
-
13
Okhuysen PC, Jiang ZD, Carlin L, Forbes C, DuPont HL, 2004. Post-diarrhea chronic intestinal symptoms and irritable bowel syndrome in North American travelers to Mexico. Am J Gastroenterol 99 :1774–1778.
-
14
Rees JH, Soudain SE, Gregson NA, Hughes RA, 1995. Campylobacter jejuni infection and Guillain-Barré syndrome. N Engl J Med 33 :1374–1379.
-
15
Rees JR, Pannier MA, McNees A, Shallow S, Angulo FJ, Vugia DJ, 2004. Persistent diarrhea, arthritis, and other complications of enteric infections: a pilot survey based on California FoodNet surveillance, 1998–1999. Clin Infect Dis 38 :S311–S317.
-
16
Guerrant RL, Van Gilder T, Steiner TS, Thielman NM, Slutsker L, Tauxe RV, Hennessy T, Griffin PM, DuPont H, Sack RB, Tarr P, Neill M, Nachamkin I, Reller LB, Osterholm MT, Bennish ML, Pickering LK, Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2001. Practice guidelines for the management of infectious diarrhea. Clin Infect Dis 32 :331–350.
-
17
Steffen R, 2003. The emerging role of nonabsorbable oral antibiotic therapy in the management of travelers’ diarrhea. Adv Stud Med 3 :S951–S958.
-
18
Hoge CW, Gambel JM, Srijan A, Pitarangsi C, Echeverria P, 1998. Trends in antibiotic resistance among diarrheal pathogens isolated in Thailand over 15 years. Clin Infect Dis 26 :341–345.
-
19
Gomi H, Jiang ZD, Adachi JA, Ashley D, Lowe B, Verenkar MP, Steffen R, DuPont HL, 2001. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bacterial enteropathogens causing traveler’s diarrhea in four geographic regions. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 45 :212–216.
-
20
Ericsson CD, 2001. Rifaximin: A new approach to the treatment of travelers’ diarrhea. J Travel Med 8 :S25.
-
21
Vila J, Vargas M, Ruiz J, Corachan M, Jimenez De Anta MT, Gascon J, 2000. Quinolone resistance in enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli-causing diarrhea in travelers to India in comparison with other geographical areas. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 44 :1731–1733.
-
22
Smith KE, Besser JM, Hedberg CW, Leano FT, Bender JB, Wicklund JH, Johnson BP, Moore KA, Osterholm MT, 1999. Quinolone–resistant Campylobacter jejuni infections in Minnesota, 1992–1998. N Engl J Med 340 :1525–1532.
-
23
Kuschner RA, Trofa AF, Thomas RJ, Hoge CW, Pitarangsi C, Amato S, Olafson RP, Echeverria P, Sadoff JC, Taylor DN, 1995. Use of azithromycin for the treatment of Campylobacter enteritis in travelers to Thailand, an area where ciprofloxacin resistance is prevalent. Clin Infect Dis 21 :536–541.
-
24
Adachi JA, Ericsson CD, Jiang ZD, DuPont MW, Martinez-Sandoval F, Knirsch C, DuPont HL, 2003. Azithromycin found to be comparable to levofloxacin for the treatment of US travelers with acute diarrhea acquired in Mexico. Clin Infect Dis 37 :1165–1171.
-
25
DuPont HL, Ericsson CD, Mathewson JJ, Palazzini E, DuPont MW, Jiang ZD, Mosavi A, de la Cabada FJ, 1998. Rifaximin: a nonabsorbed antimicrobial in the therapy of travelers’ diarrhea. Digestion 59 :708–714.
-
26
DuPont HL, Jiang Z-D, Ericsson CD, Adachi JA, Mathewson JJ, DuPont MW, Palazzini E, Riopel LM, Ashley D, Martinez-Sandoval F, 2001. Rifaximin versus ciprofloxacin for the treatment of traveler’s diarrhea: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Clin Infect Dis 33 :1807–1815.
-
27
Jiang ZD, Lowe B, Verenkar MP, Ashley D, Steffen R, Tornieporth N, von Sonnenburg F, Waiyaki P, DuPont HL, 2002. Prevalence of enteric pathogens among international travelers with diarrhea acquired in Kenya (Mombasa), India (Goa), or Jamaica (Montego Bay). J Infect Dis. 185 :497–502.
-
28
Steffen R, Sack DA, Riopel L, Jiang ZD, Sturchler M, Ericsson CD, Lowe B, Waiyaki P, White M, DuPont HL, 2003. Therapy for travelers’ diarrhea with rifaximin on various continents. Am J Gastroenterol 98 :1073–1078.
-
29
DuPont HL, Cooperstock M, Corrado ML, Fekety R, Murray DM, 1992. Evaluation of new anti-infective drugs for the treatment of acute infectious diarrhea. Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Food and Drug Administration. Clin Infect Dis 15 :S228–S235.
-
30
Jiang ZD, Ke S, Palazzini E, Riopel L, DuPont H, 2000. In vitro activity and fecal concentration of rifaximin after oral administration. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 44 :2205–2206.
-
31
Ericsson CD, DuPont HL, Mathewson JJ, Johnson PC, de la Cabada FJ, Bitsura JA, 1988. Test-of-cure stool cultures for traveler’s diarrhea. J Clin Microbiol 26 :1047–1049.
-
32
DuPont HL, Jiang Z-D, Okhuysen P, Ericsson CD, de la Cabada FJ, Ke S, DuPont MW, Martinez-Sandoval F, 2005. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of rifaximin to prevent travelers’ diarrhea. Ann Int Med 142 :805–812.
-
33
Taylor DN, McKenzie R, Durbin A, Carpenter C, Atzinger CB, Haake R, Bourgeois AL, 2006. Rifaximin, a nonabsorbed oral antibiotic, prevents shigellosis after experimental challenge. Clin Infect Dis 42 :1283–1288.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 341 | 257 | 26 |
| Full Text Views | 433 | 9 | 2 |
| PDF Downloads | 229 | 14 | 3 |
A RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, MULTICENTER STUDY OF RIFAXIMIN COMPARED WITH PLACEBO AND WITH CIPROFLOXACIN IN THE TREATMENT OF TRAVELERS’ DIARRHEA
DAVID N. TAYLOR
DAVID N. TAYLOR
Department of International Health, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Center for Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas, Houston School of Public Health and Medical School, Houston, Texas; Division of Communicable Diseases, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine of the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Enteric Infectious Disease Research Center, The University of Texas, Houston, Texas; Salix Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Morrisville, North Carolina; School of Public Health, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, and St. Luke’s Episcopal Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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A. LOUIS BOURGEOIS
A. LOUIS BOURGEOIS
Department of International Health, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Center for Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas, Houston School of Public Health and Medical School, Houston, Texas; Division of Communicable Diseases, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine of the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Enteric Infectious Disease Research Center, The University of Texas, Houston, Texas; Salix Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Morrisville, North Carolina; School of Public Health, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, and St. Luke’s Episcopal Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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CHARLES D. ERICSSON
CHARLES D. ERICSSON
Department of International Health, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Center for Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas, Houston School of Public Health and Medical School, Houston, Texas; Division of Communicable Diseases, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine of the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Enteric Infectious Disease Research Center, The University of Texas, Houston, Texas; Salix Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Morrisville, North Carolina; School of Public Health, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, and St. Luke’s Episcopal Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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ROBERT STEFFEN
ROBERT STEFFEN
Department of International Health, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Center for Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas, Houston School of Public Health and Medical School, Houston, Texas; Division of Communicable Diseases, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine of the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Enteric Infectious Disease Research Center, The University of Texas, Houston, Texas; Salix Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Morrisville, North Carolina; School of Public Health, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, and St. Luke’s Episcopal Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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ZHI-DONG JIANG
ZHI-DONG JIANG
Department of International Health, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Center for Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas, Houston School of Public Health and Medical School, Houston, Texas; Division of Communicable Diseases, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine of the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Enteric Infectious Disease Research Center, The University of Texas, Houston, Texas; Salix Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Morrisville, North Carolina; School of Public Health, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, and St. Luke’s Episcopal Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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JANE HALPERN
JANE HALPERN
Department of International Health, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Center for Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas, Houston School of Public Health and Medical School, Houston, Texas; Division of Communicable Diseases, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine of the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Enteric Infectious Disease Research Center, The University of Texas, Houston, Texas; Salix Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Morrisville, North Carolina; School of Public Health, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, and St. Luke’s Episcopal Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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ROBERT HAAKE
ROBERT HAAKE
Department of International Health, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Center for Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas, Houston School of Public Health and Medical School, Houston, Texas; Division of Communicable Diseases, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine of the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Enteric Infectious Disease Research Center, The University of Texas, Houston, Texas; Salix Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Morrisville, North Carolina; School of Public Health, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, and St. Luke’s Episcopal Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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HERBERT L. DUPONT
HERBERT L. DUPONT
Department of International Health, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Center for Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas, Houston School of Public Health and Medical School, Houston, Texas; Division of Communicable Diseases, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine of the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Enteric Infectious Disease Research Center, The University of Texas, Houston, Texas; Salix Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Morrisville, North Carolina; School of Public Health, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, and St. Luke’s Episcopal Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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Rifaximin was compared with placebo and ciprofloxacin for treatment of travelers’ diarrhea in a randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Adult travelers (N = 399) consulting travel clinics in Mexico, Guatemala, and India were randomized to receive rifaximin 200 mg three times a day, ciprofloxacin (500 mg two times a day and placebo once a day), or placebo three times a day for 3 days. Patients recorded in daily diaries the time and consistency of each stool and documented symptoms for 5 days after treatment. Stool samples were collected for microbiologic evaluations before and after treatment. The median time to last unformed stool (TLUS) in the rifaximin group (32.0 hours) was less than one half that in the placebo group (65.5 hours; P = 0.001; risk ratio 1.6; 95% confidence interval 1.2, 2.2; primary efficacy endpoint). The median TLUS in the ciprofloxacin group was 28.8 hours (P = 0.0003 versus placebo; P = 0.35 versus rifaximin). Rifaximin was less effective than ciprofloxacin for invasive intestinal bacterial pathogens. Oral rifaximin is a safe and effective treatment of travelers’ diarrhea caused by noninvasive pathogens.
Author Notes
ProCite
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-
1
Brewster SJ, Taylor DN, 2004. Epidemiology of travelers’ diarrhea. Keystone JS, Kozarsky PE, Freedman DO, Nothdurft HD, Connor BA, eds. Travel Medicine. First Edition. New York, NY: Mosby, Elsevier, 175–184.
-
2
Steffen R, Tornieporth N, Clemens SA, Chatterjee S, Cavalcanti AM, Collard F, De Clercq N, DuPont HL, von Sonnenburg F, 2004. Epidemiology of travelers’ diarrhea: details of a global survey. J Travel Med 11 :231–238.
-
3
Steffen R, 1986. Epidemiologic studies of travelers’ diarrhea, severe gastrointestinal infections, and cholera. Rev Infect Dis 8 :S122–S130.
-
4
Merson MH, Morris GK, Sack DA, Wells JG, Feeley JC, Sack RB, Creech WB, Kapikian AZ, Gangarosa EJ, 1976. Travelers’ diarrhea in Mexico. A prospective study of physicians and family members attending a congress. N Engl J Med 294 :1299–1305.
-
5
Taylor DN, Houston R, Shlim DR, Bhaibulaya M, Ungar BL, Echeverria P, 1988. Etiology of diarrhea among travelers and foreign residents in Nepal. JAMA 260 :1245–1248.
-
6
Adachi JA, Jiang ZD, Mathewson JJ, Verenkar MP, Thompson S, Martinez-Sandoval F, Steffen R, Ericsson CD, DuPont HL, 2001. Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli as a major etiologic agent in traveler’s diarrhea in 3 regions of the world. Clin Infect Dis 32 :1706–1709.
-
7
DuPont HL, Ericsson CD, 1993. Prevention and treatment of traveler’s diarrhea. N Engl J Med 328 :1821–1827.
-
8
Taylor DN, Echeverria P, Blaser MJ, Pitarangsi C, Blacklow NR, Cross JH, Weniger B, 1985. Polymicrobial aetiology of travellers’ diarrhoea. Lancet 1 :381–383.
-
9
Ryan ET, Wilson ME, Kain KC, 2002. Illness after international travel. N Engl J Med 347 :505–516.
-
10
Ericsson CD, DuPont HL, 1993. Travelers’ diarrhea: approaches to prevention and treatment. Clin Infect Dis 16 :616–624.
-
11
Hyams KC, Bourgeois AL, Merrell BR, Rozmajzl P, Escamilla J, Thornton SA, Wasserman GM, Burke A, Echeverria P, Green KY, 1991. Diarrheal disease during Operation Desert Shield. N Engl J Med 325 :1423–1428.
-
12
Taylor DN, Connor BA, Shlim DR, 1999. Chronic diarrhea in the returned traveler. Med Clin North Am 83 :1033–1052.
-
13
Okhuysen PC, Jiang ZD, Carlin L, Forbes C, DuPont HL, 2004. Post-diarrhea chronic intestinal symptoms and irritable bowel syndrome in North American travelers to Mexico. Am J Gastroenterol 99 :1774–1778.
-
14
Rees JH, Soudain SE, Gregson NA, Hughes RA, 1995. Campylobacter jejuni infection and Guillain-Barré syndrome. N Engl J Med 33 :1374–1379.
-
15
Rees JR, Pannier MA, McNees A, Shallow S, Angulo FJ, Vugia DJ, 2004. Persistent diarrhea, arthritis, and other complications of enteric infections: a pilot survey based on California FoodNet surveillance, 1998–1999. Clin Infect Dis 38 :S311–S317.
-
16
Guerrant RL, Van Gilder T, Steiner TS, Thielman NM, Slutsker L, Tauxe RV, Hennessy T, Griffin PM, DuPont H, Sack RB, Tarr P, Neill M, Nachamkin I, Reller LB, Osterholm MT, Bennish ML, Pickering LK, Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2001. Practice guidelines for the management of infectious diarrhea. Clin Infect Dis 32 :331–350.
-
17
Steffen R, 2003. The emerging role of nonabsorbable oral antibiotic therapy in the management of travelers’ diarrhea. Adv Stud Med 3 :S951–S958.
-
18
Hoge CW, Gambel JM, Srijan A, Pitarangsi C, Echeverria P, 1998. Trends in antibiotic resistance among diarrheal pathogens isolated in Thailand over 15 years. Clin Infect Dis 26 :341–345.
-
19
Gomi H, Jiang ZD, Adachi JA, Ashley D, Lowe B, Verenkar MP, Steffen R, DuPont HL, 2001. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bacterial enteropathogens causing traveler’s diarrhea in four geographic regions. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 45 :212–216.
-
20
Ericsson CD, 2001. Rifaximin: A new approach to the treatment of travelers’ diarrhea. J Travel Med 8 :S25.
-
21
Vila J, Vargas M, Ruiz J, Corachan M, Jimenez De Anta MT, Gascon J, 2000. Quinolone resistance in enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli-causing diarrhea in travelers to India in comparison with other geographical areas. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 44 :1731–1733.
-
22
Smith KE, Besser JM, Hedberg CW, Leano FT, Bender JB, Wicklund JH, Johnson BP, Moore KA, Osterholm MT, 1999. Quinolone–resistant Campylobacter jejuni infections in Minnesota, 1992–1998. N Engl J Med 340 :1525–1532.
-
23
Kuschner RA, Trofa AF, Thomas RJ, Hoge CW, Pitarangsi C, Amato S, Olafson RP, Echeverria P, Sadoff JC, Taylor DN, 1995. Use of azithromycin for the treatment of Campylobacter enteritis in travelers to Thailand, an area where ciprofloxacin resistance is prevalent. Clin Infect Dis 21 :536–541.
-
24
Adachi JA, Ericsson CD, Jiang ZD, DuPont MW, Martinez-Sandoval F, Knirsch C, DuPont HL, 2003. Azithromycin found to be comparable to levofloxacin for the treatment of US travelers with acute diarrhea acquired in Mexico. Clin Infect Dis 37 :1165–1171.
-
25
DuPont HL, Ericsson CD, Mathewson JJ, Palazzini E, DuPont MW, Jiang ZD, Mosavi A, de la Cabada FJ, 1998. Rifaximin: a nonabsorbed antimicrobial in the therapy of travelers’ diarrhea. Digestion 59 :708–714.
-
26
DuPont HL, Jiang Z-D, Ericsson CD, Adachi JA, Mathewson JJ, DuPont MW, Palazzini E, Riopel LM, Ashley D, Martinez-Sandoval F, 2001. Rifaximin versus ciprofloxacin for the treatment of traveler’s diarrhea: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Clin Infect Dis 33 :1807–1815.
-
27
Jiang ZD, Lowe B, Verenkar MP, Ashley D, Steffen R, Tornieporth N, von Sonnenburg F, Waiyaki P, DuPont HL, 2002. Prevalence of enteric pathogens among international travelers with diarrhea acquired in Kenya (Mombasa), India (Goa), or Jamaica (Montego Bay). J Infect Dis. 185 :497–502.
-
28
Steffen R, Sack DA, Riopel L, Jiang ZD, Sturchler M, Ericsson CD, Lowe B, Waiyaki P, White M, DuPont HL, 2003. Therapy for travelers’ diarrhea with rifaximin on various continents. Am J Gastroenterol 98 :1073–1078.
-
29
DuPont HL, Cooperstock M, Corrado ML, Fekety R, Murray DM, 1992. Evaluation of new anti-infective drugs for the treatment of acute infectious diarrhea. Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Food and Drug Administration. Clin Infect Dis 15 :S228–S235.
-
30
Jiang ZD, Ke S, Palazzini E, Riopel L, DuPont H, 2000. In vitro activity and fecal concentration of rifaximin after oral administration. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 44 :2205–2206.
-
31
Ericsson CD, DuPont HL, Mathewson JJ, Johnson PC, de la Cabada FJ, Bitsura JA, 1988. Test-of-cure stool cultures for traveler’s diarrhea. J Clin Microbiol 26 :1047–1049.
-
32
DuPont HL, Jiang Z-D, Okhuysen P, Ericsson CD, de la Cabada FJ, Ke S, DuPont MW, Martinez-Sandoval F, 2005. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of rifaximin to prevent travelers’ diarrhea. Ann Int Med 142 :805–812.
-
33
Taylor DN, McKenzie R, Durbin A, Carpenter C, Atzinger CB, Haake R, Bourgeois AL, 2006. Rifaximin, a nonabsorbed oral antibiotic, prevents shigellosis after experimental challenge. Clin Infect Dis 42 :1283–1288.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 341 | 257 | 26 |
| Full Text Views | 433 | 9 | 2 |
| PDF Downloads | 229 | 14 | 3 |