EXTINCTION OF EXPERIMENTAL TRIATOMA INFESTANS POPULATIONS FOLLOWING CONTINUOUS EXPOSURE TO DOGS WEARING DELTAMETHRIN-TREATED COLLARS

RICHARD REITHINGER Department of Infectious & Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Department of Ecology, Genetics and Evolution, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; National Vector Control Coordination, Centre for Chagas Disease Reservoirs and Vectors, Córdoba, Argentina

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LEONARDO CEBALLOS Department of Infectious & Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Department of Ecology, Genetics and Evolution, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; National Vector Control Coordination, Centre for Chagas Disease Reservoirs and Vectors, Córdoba, Argentina

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RAÚL STARIOLO Department of Infectious & Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Department of Ecology, Genetics and Evolution, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; National Vector Control Coordination, Centre for Chagas Disease Reservoirs and Vectors, Córdoba, Argentina

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CLIVE R. DAVIES Department of Infectious & Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Department of Ecology, Genetics and Evolution, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; National Vector Control Coordination, Centre for Chagas Disease Reservoirs and Vectors, Córdoba, Argentina

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RICARDO E. GÜRTLER Department of Infectious & Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Department of Ecology, Genetics and Evolution, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; National Vector Control Coordination, Centre for Chagas Disease Reservoirs and Vectors, Córdoba, Argentina

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Dogs are domestic reservoir hosts of Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas disease. We evaluated the effect of deltamethrin-treated dog collars (DTDCs) over time on the population dynamics of Triatoma infestans, a main T. cruzi vector. Forty founder bugs of mixed life stages were allowed to colonize mud-thatched experimental huts and exposed continuously to either uncollared control dogs (N = 3) or dogs wearing DTDCs (N = 7) for a period of up to 196 days. When compared with bugs exposed to control dogs, bugs exposed to collared dogs were shown to have reduced feeding success (odds ratio [OR] = 0.40; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.26–0.63; P < 0.001) and lower survival (OR = 0.15; 95% CI, 0.08–0.29; P < 0.001); in fact, all of the bug populations exposed to collared dogs became extinct 77–196 days after study initiation. Bugs exposed to DTDC-wearing dogs were also shown to have a lower fecundity (i.e., number of eggs produced per live female bug: OR = 0.64; 95% CI, 0.51–0.81; P < 0.001) and molting rate to first-instar nymphs (OR = 0.32; 95% CI, 0.13–0.75; P < 0.01) than those bugs exposed to control dogs. DTDCs could represent a novel tool to prevent and control canine and (hence) human Chagas disease.

Author Notes

Reprint requests: Richard Reithinger, 807 S. Overlook Drive, Alexandria, VA 22305, E-mail: rreithinger@yahoo.co.uk.
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