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-
1
Groves MG, Debbis GL, 1972. Babesia gibsoni: field and laboratory studies of canine infections. Exp Parasitol 31 :153–159.
-
2
Farwell GE, LeGrand EK, Cobb CC, 1988. Clinical observation on Babesia gibsoni and Babesia canis infections in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 180 :507–511.
-
3
Boozer AL, Macintire DK, 2003. Canine babesiosis. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 33 :885–904.
-
4
Fowler JL, Ruff MD, Fernau RC, Furusho Y, 1972. Babesia gibsoni: chemotherapy in dogs. Am J Vet Res 33 :1109–1114.
-
5
Grove MG, Vanniasingham JA, 1970. Treatment of Babesia gibsoni infections with phenamidine isethonate. Vet Recb 86 :8–10.
-
6
Wulansari R, Wijaya A, Ano H, Horii Y, Makimura S, 2003. Lymphocyte subsets and specific IgG antibody levels in clindamycin-treated and untreated dogs experimentally infected with Babesia gibsoni. J Vet Med Sci 65 :579–584.
-
7
Baggish AL, Hill DR, 2002. Antiparasitic agent atovaquone. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 40 :914–919.
-
8
Hughes WT, Oz H, 1995. Successful prevention and treatment of babesiosis with atovaquone. J Infect Dis 172 :1042–1046.
-
9
Pudney M, Gray JS, 1997. Therapeutic efficacy of atovaquone against the bovine intraerythrocytic parasites, Babesia divergens. J Parasitol 83 :307–310.
-
10
Gray J, Pudney M, 1999. Activity of atovaquone against Babesia microti in the Mongolian gerbil, Meriones unguiculatus. J Parasitol 85 :723–728.
-
11
Weiss LM, 2002. Babesiosis in humans: a treatment review. Expert Opin Pharmacother 3 :1109–1115.
-
12
Hudson AT, Dickins MM, Ginger CD, Gutteridge WE, Holdich T, Hutchinson DB, 1991. 566C80: A broad spectrum anti-infective agent with activity against malaria and opportunistic infections in AIDS patients. Drug Exp Clin Res 17 :427–435.
-
13
Syafruddin E, Siregar JE, Marzuki S, 1999. Mutations in the cytochrome b gene of Plasmodium berghei conferring resistance to atovaquone. Mol Biochem Parasitol 104 :185–194.
-
14
Suswam E, Kyle D, Lang-Unnasch N, 2001. Plasmodium falciparum: the effecet of atovaquone resistance on repiration. Exp Parasitol 98 :180–187.
-
15
McFadden DC, Tomavo S, Berry A, Boothroyd JC, 2000. Characterization of cytochrome b from Toxoplasma gondii and Q (o) domain mutation as a mechanism of atovaquone resistance. Mol Biochem Parasitol 108 :1–12.
-
16
Walker DJ, Wakefrield AE, Dohnn MN, Miller RF, Baughman RP, Hossler PA, Bartlett MS, Smith JW, Kazanjian P, Meshnick R, 1998. Sequence polymorphisms in the Pneumocystis carinii cytochrome b gene and their association with atovaquone prophylaxis failure. J Infect Dis 178 :1767–1775.
-
17
Birkenheuer AJ, Levy MG, Breitschwerdt EB, 2004. Efficacy of combined atovaquone and azithromycin for therapy of chronic Babesia gibsoni (Asian genotype) infectious in dogs. J Vet Intern Med 18 :494–498.
-
18
Matsuu A, Koshida Y, Kawahara M, Inoue K, Ikadai H, Hikasa Y, Okano S, Higuchi S, 2004. Efficacy of atovaquone against Babesia gibsoni in vivo and in vitro. Vet Parasitol 124 :9–18.
-
19
Ikadai H, Tanaka H, Shibahara N, Matsuu A, Uechi M, Itoh N, Oshiro S, Kudo N, Igarashi I, Oyamada T, 2004. Molecular evidence of infections with Babesia gibsoni parasites in Japan and evaluation of the diagnostic potential of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification method. J Clin Microbiol 42 :2465–2469.
-
20
Matsuu A, Kawabe A, Koshida Y, Ikadai H, Okano S, Higuchi S, 2004. Incidence of canine Babesia gibsoni infection and subclinical infection among Tosa dogs in Aomori prefecture, Japan. J Vet Med Sci 66 :893–897.
-
21
Salem GH, Liu XJ, Johnsrude JD, Dame JB, Reddy GR, 1998. Development and evaluation of an extra chromosomal DNA-based PCR test for diagnosing bovine babesiosis. Mol Cell Probes 13 :107–113.
-
22
Megson A, Inman GJ, Hunt PD, Baylis HA, Hall R, 1991. The gene for apocytochrome B of Theileria annulata resides on a small linear extrachromosomal element. Mol Biochem Parasitol 48 :113–115.
-
23
Korsinczky M, Chen N, Kotecka B, Saul A, Rieckmann K, Cheng Q, 2000. Mutations in Plasmodium falciparum cytochrome b that are associated with atovaquone resistance are located at a putative drug-binding site. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 44 :2100–2108.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 264 | 217 | 165 |
| Full Text Views | 245 | 16 | 10 |
| PDF Downloads | 75 | 13 | 6 |
CLONING OF THE BABESIA GIBSONI CYTOCHROME B GENE AND ISOLATION OF THREE SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS FROM PARASITES PRESENT AFTER ATOVAQUONE TREATMENT
AYA MATSUU
AYA MATSUU
Department of Small Animal Internal Medicine 1, Department of Veterinary Parasitology, and Department of Small Animal Surgery 3, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
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KAYOKO MIYAMOTO
KAYOKO MIYAMOTO
Department of Small Animal Internal Medicine 1, Department of Veterinary Parasitology, and Department of Small Animal Surgery 3, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
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HIROMI IKADAI
HIROMI IKADAI
Department of Small Animal Internal Medicine 1, Department of Veterinary Parasitology, and Department of Small Animal Surgery 3, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
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SHOZO OKANO
SHOZO OKANO
Department of Small Animal Internal Medicine 1, Department of Veterinary Parasitology, and Department of Small Animal Surgery 3, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
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SEIICHI HIGUCHI
SEIICHI HIGUCHI
Department of Small Animal Internal Medicine 1, Department of Veterinary Parasitology, and Department of Small Animal Surgery 3, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
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We determined the nucleotide sequence of the Babesia gibsoni cytochrome b (cytb) gene. DNA was extracted from B. gibsoni isolated from Aomori Prefecture, Japan, and 1,288 basepairs of the cytb gene, including 1,071 basepairs of the open reading frame, were sequenced. The cytb gene of B. gibsoni obtained from three dogs that had been experimentally infected with B. gibsoni and treated with atovaquone was also sequenced. The B. gibsoni cytb gene obtained from all three atovaquone-treated dogs contained a single polymorphism resulting in an amino acid change in one of the putative ubiquinone-binding sites of Plasmodium falciparum. This polymorphism was homologous to mutations in other apicomplexan protozoa that exhibit resistance to atovaquone. Two other single polymorphisms were identified in parasites isolated from two of the dogs. These results indicate that single nucleotide polymorphisms in the sequence for mitochondrial cytb gene may be associated with decreased susceptibility of Babesia species to atovaquone.
Author Notes
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
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-
1
Groves MG, Debbis GL, 1972. Babesia gibsoni: field and laboratory studies of canine infections. Exp Parasitol 31 :153–159.
-
2
Farwell GE, LeGrand EK, Cobb CC, 1988. Clinical observation on Babesia gibsoni and Babesia canis infections in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 180 :507–511.
-
3
Boozer AL, Macintire DK, 2003. Canine babesiosis. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 33 :885–904.
-
4
Fowler JL, Ruff MD, Fernau RC, Furusho Y, 1972. Babesia gibsoni: chemotherapy in dogs. Am J Vet Res 33 :1109–1114.
-
5
Grove MG, Vanniasingham JA, 1970. Treatment of Babesia gibsoni infections with phenamidine isethonate. Vet Recb 86 :8–10.
-
6
Wulansari R, Wijaya A, Ano H, Horii Y, Makimura S, 2003. Lymphocyte subsets and specific IgG antibody levels in clindamycin-treated and untreated dogs experimentally infected with Babesia gibsoni. J Vet Med Sci 65 :579–584.
-
7
Baggish AL, Hill DR, 2002. Antiparasitic agent atovaquone. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 40 :914–919.
-
8
Hughes WT, Oz H, 1995. Successful prevention and treatment of babesiosis with atovaquone. J Infect Dis 172 :1042–1046.
-
9
Pudney M, Gray JS, 1997. Therapeutic efficacy of atovaquone against the bovine intraerythrocytic parasites, Babesia divergens. J Parasitol 83 :307–310.
-
10
Gray J, Pudney M, 1999. Activity of atovaquone against Babesia microti in the Mongolian gerbil, Meriones unguiculatus. J Parasitol 85 :723–728.
-
11
Weiss LM, 2002. Babesiosis in humans: a treatment review. Expert Opin Pharmacother 3 :1109–1115.
-
12
Hudson AT, Dickins MM, Ginger CD, Gutteridge WE, Holdich T, Hutchinson DB, 1991. 566C80: A broad spectrum anti-infective agent with activity against malaria and opportunistic infections in AIDS patients. Drug Exp Clin Res 17 :427–435.
-
13
Syafruddin E, Siregar JE, Marzuki S, 1999. Mutations in the cytochrome b gene of Plasmodium berghei conferring resistance to atovaquone. Mol Biochem Parasitol 104 :185–194.
-
14
Suswam E, Kyle D, Lang-Unnasch N, 2001. Plasmodium falciparum: the effecet of atovaquone resistance on repiration. Exp Parasitol 98 :180–187.
-
15
McFadden DC, Tomavo S, Berry A, Boothroyd JC, 2000. Characterization of cytochrome b from Toxoplasma gondii and Q (o) domain mutation as a mechanism of atovaquone resistance. Mol Biochem Parasitol 108 :1–12.
-
16
Walker DJ, Wakefrield AE, Dohnn MN, Miller RF, Baughman RP, Hossler PA, Bartlett MS, Smith JW, Kazanjian P, Meshnick R, 1998. Sequence polymorphisms in the Pneumocystis carinii cytochrome b gene and their association with atovaquone prophylaxis failure. J Infect Dis 178 :1767–1775.
-
17
Birkenheuer AJ, Levy MG, Breitschwerdt EB, 2004. Efficacy of combined atovaquone and azithromycin for therapy of chronic Babesia gibsoni (Asian genotype) infectious in dogs. J Vet Intern Med 18 :494–498.
-
18
Matsuu A, Koshida Y, Kawahara M, Inoue K, Ikadai H, Hikasa Y, Okano S, Higuchi S, 2004. Efficacy of atovaquone against Babesia gibsoni in vivo and in vitro. Vet Parasitol 124 :9–18.
-
19
Ikadai H, Tanaka H, Shibahara N, Matsuu A, Uechi M, Itoh N, Oshiro S, Kudo N, Igarashi I, Oyamada T, 2004. Molecular evidence of infections with Babesia gibsoni parasites in Japan and evaluation of the diagnostic potential of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification method. J Clin Microbiol 42 :2465–2469.
-
20
Matsuu A, Kawabe A, Koshida Y, Ikadai H, Okano S, Higuchi S, 2004. Incidence of canine Babesia gibsoni infection and subclinical infection among Tosa dogs in Aomori prefecture, Japan. J Vet Med Sci 66 :893–897.
-
21
Salem GH, Liu XJ, Johnsrude JD, Dame JB, Reddy GR, 1998. Development and evaluation of an extra chromosomal DNA-based PCR test for diagnosing bovine babesiosis. Mol Cell Probes 13 :107–113.
-
22
Megson A, Inman GJ, Hunt PD, Baylis HA, Hall R, 1991. The gene for apocytochrome B of Theileria annulata resides on a small linear extrachromosomal element. Mol Biochem Parasitol 48 :113–115.
-
23
Korsinczky M, Chen N, Kotecka B, Saul A, Rieckmann K, Cheng Q, 2000. Mutations in Plasmodium falciparum cytochrome b that are associated with atovaquone resistance are located at a putative drug-binding site. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 44 :2100–2108.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 264 | 217 | 165 |
| Full Text Views | 245 | 16 | 10 |
| PDF Downloads | 75 | 13 | 6 |