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RAPID ONSET OF TRANSMISSION-REDUCING ANTIBODIES IN JAVANESE MIGRANTS EXPOSED TO MALARIA IN PAPUA, INDONESIA

J. TEUN BOUSEMADepartment of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University, Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Centre, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 2, Jakarta, Indonesia; National Institute of Health Research and Development, Jakarta, Indonesia

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WILL ROEFFENDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University, Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Centre, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 2, Jakarta, Indonesia; National Institute of Health Research and Development, Jakarta, Indonesia

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MIKE VAN DER KOLKDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University, Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Centre, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 2, Jakarta, Indonesia; National Institute of Health Research and Development, Jakarta, Indonesia

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SAKE J. DE VLASDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University, Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Centre, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 2, Jakarta, Indonesia; National Institute of Health Research and Development, Jakarta, Indonesia

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MARGA VAN DE VEGTE-BOLMERDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University, Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Centre, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 2, Jakarta, Indonesia; National Institute of Health Research and Development, Jakarta, Indonesia

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MICHAEL J. BANGSDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University, Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Centre, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 2, Jakarta, Indonesia; National Institute of Health Research and Development, Jakarta, Indonesia

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KARINA TEELENDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University, Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Centre, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 2, Jakarta, Indonesia; National Institute of Health Research and Development, Jakarta, Indonesia

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LILIANA KURNIAWANDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University, Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Centre, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 2, Jakarta, Indonesia; National Institute of Health Research and Development, Jakarta, Indonesia

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JASON D. MAGUIREDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University, Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Centre, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 2, Jakarta, Indonesia; National Institute of Health Research and Development, Jakarta, Indonesia

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J. KEVIN BAIRDDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University, Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Centre, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 2, Jakarta, Indonesia; National Institute of Health Research and Development, Jakarta, Indonesia

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ROBERT W. SAUERWEINDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University, Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Centre, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 2, Jakarta, Indonesia; National Institute of Health Research and Development, Jakarta, Indonesia

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Transmission of Plasmodium falciparum malaria is initiated by sexual stages in the mosquito. Anti-Pfs48/45 and anti-Pfs230 sexual stage antibodies that are ingested together with parasites can reduce parasite development and subsequently malaria transmission. Acquisition of sexual stage immunity was studied in a cohort of 102 non-immune Javanese individuals migrating to hyperendemic Papua Indonesia. Seroprevalence of antibodies against Pfs48/45 and Pfs230 and functional transmission-reducing activity (TRA) were measured upon arrival and at 6, 12, and 24 months. Asexual parasitemia and gametocytemia were assessed every two weeks. The TRA and seroreactivity increased with the number of P. falciparum infections. The longitudinally sustained association between TRA and antibodies against Pfs48/45 (odds ratio [OR] = 3.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.51–9.29) and Pfs230 (OR = 3.72, 95% CI = 1.36–10.17) suggests that functional transmission reducing immunity is acquired after limited exposure to infection.

Author Notes

Reprint requests: Robert W. Sauerwein, Department of Medical Microbiology 268, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands, Telephone: 31-24-361-4306, Fax: 31-24-361-4666, E-mail: r.sauerwein@mmb.umcn.nl.
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