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ASSESSMENT OF TRANSMISSION-BLOCKING ACTIVITY OF CANDIDATE Pvs25 VACCINE USING GAMETOCYTES FROM CHIMPANZEES

WILLIAM E. COLLINSMalaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland

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JOHN W. BARNWELLMalaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland

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JOANN S. SULLIVANMalaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland

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DOUGLAS NACEMalaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland

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TYRONE WILLIAMSMalaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland

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AMY BOUNNGASENGMalaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland

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JACQUELIN ROBERTSMalaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland

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ELIZABETH STROBERTMalaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland

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HAROLD MCCLUREMalaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland

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ALLAN SAULMalaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland

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CAROLE A. LONGMalaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland

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Macaca mulatta monkeys were immunized with the candidate transmission-blocking vaccine against Plasmodium vivax, Pvs25, combined with alum or Montanide ISA 720. Efficacy was measured by combining post-immunization sera with gametocytes obtained from infections induced in chimpanzees using membrane-feeding techniques. The results indicate that immunization of M. mulatta monkeys with Pvs25 and Montanide ISA 720 was more effective than with alum in efficacy and resulted in the maintenance of a lasting transmission-blocking immunity to P. vivax. This was evident two weeks after the second immunization, and more strongly demonstrable 62 and 152 days after the second immunization. This transmission-blocking activity was strongly reinforced by a third immunization given 181 days after the primary immunization, as measured three weeks later by indirect membrane feeding. The use of gametocytes of P. vivax derived from infections induced in chimpanzees can contribute to the selection of appropriate constructs, formulations, and immunization regimens for the development of effective transmission-blocking vaccines.

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