Mawili-Mboumba DP, Borrmann S, Cavanagh DR, McBride JS, Matsiegui PB, Missinou MA, Kremsner PG, Ntoumi F, 2003. Antibody responses to Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein-1 and efficacy of amodiaquine in Gabonese children with P. falciparum malaria. J Infect Dis 187 :1137–1141.
Mayxay M, Chotivanich K, Pukrittayakamee S, Newton P, Looareesuwan S, White NJ, 2001. Contribution of humoral immunity to the therapeutic response in falciparum malaria. Am J Trop Med Hyg 65 :918–923.
Robert V, Roeffen W, Brasseur P, Aribot G, Verhave JP, Roussilhon C, 2000. Anti-NANP antibody and treatment efficacy in patients with acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria attacks. Parasite Immunol 22 :589–593.
Ramharter M, Kremsner PG, Willheim M, Winkler H, Graninger W, Winkler S, 2004. Plasmodium falciparum-specific interleukin-2 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha expressing-T cells are associated with resistance to reinfection and severe malaria in healthy African children. Eur Cytokine Netw 15 :189–196.
Winkler S, Willheim M, Baier K, Graninger W, Kremsner PG, 1999. Frequency of cytokine-producing CD4-CD8- peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Eur Cytokine Netw 10 :155–160.
Winkler S, Willheim M, Baier K, Schmid D, Aichelburg A, Graninger W, Kremsner PG, 1998. Reciprocal regulation of Th1- and Th2-cytokine-producing T cells during clearance of parasitemia in Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Infect Immun 66 :6040–6044.
Winkler S, Willheim M, Baier K, Schmid D, Aichelburg A, Graninger W, Kremsner PG, 1999. Frequency of cytokine-producing T cells in patients of different age groups with Plasmodium falciparum malaria. J Infect Dis 179 :209–216.
Giorgi JV, Hultin LE, McKeating JA, Johnson TD, Owens B, Jacobson LP, Shih R, Lewis J, Wiley DJ, Phair JP, Wolinsky SM, Detels R, 1999. Shorter survival in advanced human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection is more closely associated with T lymphocyte activation than with plasma virus burden or virus chemokine coreceptor usage. J Infect Dis 179 :859–870.
Hazenberg MD, Otto SA, van Benthem BH, Roos MT, Coutinho RA, Lange JM, Hamann D, Prins M, Miedema F, 2003. Persistent immune activation in HIV-1 infection is associated with progression to AIDS. AIDS 17 :1881–1888.
Rodrigues DS, Medeiros EA, Weckx LY, Bonnez W, Salomao R, Kallas EG, 2002. Immunophenotypic characterization of peripheral T lymphocytes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and disease. Clin Exp Immunol 128 :149–154.
Zidovec Lepej S, Vince A, Rakusic S, Dakovic Rode O, Sonicki Z, Jeren T, 2003. Center for Disease Control (CDC) flow cytometry panel for human immunodeficiency virus infection allows recognition of infectious mononucleosis caused by Epstein-Barr virus or cytomegalovirus. Croat Med J 44 :702–706.
Cohen Stuart JW, Hazebergh MD, Hamann D, Otto SA, Borleffs JC, Miedema F, Boucher CA, de Boer RJ, 2000. The dominant source of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell activation in HIV infection is antigenic stimulation. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 25 :203–211.
Grossman Z, Paul WE, 2000. The impact of HIV on naive T-cell homeostasis. Nat Med 6 :976–977.
Kemp K, Akanmori BD, Adabayeri V, Goka BQ, Kurtzhals JA, Behr C, Hviid L, 2002. Cytokine production and apoptosis among T cells from patients under treatment for Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Clin Exp Immunol 127 :151–157.
Worku S, Bjorkman A, Troye-Blomberg M, Jemaneh L, Farnert A, Christensson B, 1997. Lymphocyte activation and subset redistribution in the peripheral blood in acute malaria illness: distinct gammadelta+ T cell patterns in Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax infections. Clin Exp Immunol 108 :34–41.
Dorsey G, Gasasira AF, Machekano R, Kamya MR, Staedke SG, Hubbard A, 2004. The impact of age, temperature, and parasite density on treatment outcomes from antimalarial clinical trials in Kampala, Uganda. Am J Trop Med Hyg 71 :531–536.
World Health Organization, 2003. Assessment and monitoring of antimalarial drug efficacy for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Available from http://www.emro.who.int/rbm/publications/protocolwho.pdf.
Cattamanchi A, Kyabayinze D, Hubbard A, Rosenthal PJ, Dorsey G, 2003. Distinguishing recrudescence from reinfection in a longitudinal antimalarial drug efficacy study: comparison of results based on genotyping of msp-1, msp-2, and glurp. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 :133–139.
Eggena MP, Barugahare B, Okello M, Mutyala S, Jones N, Ma Y, Kityo C, Mugyenyi P, Cao H, 2005. T cell activation in HIV-seropositive Ugandans: differential associations with viral load, CD4+ T cell depletion, and coinfection. J Infect Dis 191 :694–701.
Hunt PW, Deeks SG, Rodriguez B, Valdez H, Shade SB, Abrams DI, Kitahata MM, Krone M, Neilands TB, Brand RJ, Lederman MM, Martin JN, 2003. Continued CD4 cell count increases in HIV-infected adults experiencing 4 years of viral suppression on antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 17 :1907–1915.
Sousa AE, Carneiro J, Meier-Schellersheim M, Grossman Z, Victorino RM, 2002. CD4 T cell depletion is linked directly to immune activation in the pathogenesis of HIV-1 and HIV-2 but only indirectly to the viral load. J Immunol 169 :3400–3406.
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Host immunity plays an important role in response to antimalarial therapy but is poorly understood. To test whether T cell activation is a risk factor for antimalarial treatment failure, we studied CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation in 31 human immunodeficiency virus–negative Ugandan patients 5–37 years of age who were treated for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Increased CD4+ T cell activation, as indicated by co-expression of HLA-DR and CD38, was an independent risk factor for treatment failure (hazard ratio = 2.45, 95% confidence interval = 1.02–5.89, P = 0.05) in multivariate analysis controlling for age, baseline temperature, and pre-treatment parasite density. The results provide insight into the role of cellular immunity in response to antimalarial therapy and underscore the need to investigate the mechanisms behind immune activation.
Mawili-Mboumba DP, Borrmann S, Cavanagh DR, McBride JS, Matsiegui PB, Missinou MA, Kremsner PG, Ntoumi F, 2003. Antibody responses to Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein-1 and efficacy of amodiaquine in Gabonese children with P. falciparum malaria. J Infect Dis 187 :1137–1141.
Mayxay M, Chotivanich K, Pukrittayakamee S, Newton P, Looareesuwan S, White NJ, 2001. Contribution of humoral immunity to the therapeutic response in falciparum malaria. Am J Trop Med Hyg 65 :918–923.
Robert V, Roeffen W, Brasseur P, Aribot G, Verhave JP, Roussilhon C, 2000. Anti-NANP antibody and treatment efficacy in patients with acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria attacks. Parasite Immunol 22 :589–593.
Ramharter M, Kremsner PG, Willheim M, Winkler H, Graninger W, Winkler S, 2004. Plasmodium falciparum-specific interleukin-2 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha expressing-T cells are associated with resistance to reinfection and severe malaria in healthy African children. Eur Cytokine Netw 15 :189–196.
Winkler S, Willheim M, Baier K, Graninger W, Kremsner PG, 1999. Frequency of cytokine-producing CD4-CD8- peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Eur Cytokine Netw 10 :155–160.
Winkler S, Willheim M, Baier K, Schmid D, Aichelburg A, Graninger W, Kremsner PG, 1998. Reciprocal regulation of Th1- and Th2-cytokine-producing T cells during clearance of parasitemia in Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Infect Immun 66 :6040–6044.
Winkler S, Willheim M, Baier K, Schmid D, Aichelburg A, Graninger W, Kremsner PG, 1999. Frequency of cytokine-producing T cells in patients of different age groups with Plasmodium falciparum malaria. J Infect Dis 179 :209–216.
Giorgi JV, Hultin LE, McKeating JA, Johnson TD, Owens B, Jacobson LP, Shih R, Lewis J, Wiley DJ, Phair JP, Wolinsky SM, Detels R, 1999. Shorter survival in advanced human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection is more closely associated with T lymphocyte activation than with plasma virus burden or virus chemokine coreceptor usage. J Infect Dis 179 :859–870.
Hazenberg MD, Otto SA, van Benthem BH, Roos MT, Coutinho RA, Lange JM, Hamann D, Prins M, Miedema F, 2003. Persistent immune activation in HIV-1 infection is associated with progression to AIDS. AIDS 17 :1881–1888.
Rodrigues DS, Medeiros EA, Weckx LY, Bonnez W, Salomao R, Kallas EG, 2002. Immunophenotypic characterization of peripheral T lymphocytes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and disease. Clin Exp Immunol 128 :149–154.
Zidovec Lepej S, Vince A, Rakusic S, Dakovic Rode O, Sonicki Z, Jeren T, 2003. Center for Disease Control (CDC) flow cytometry panel for human immunodeficiency virus infection allows recognition of infectious mononucleosis caused by Epstein-Barr virus or cytomegalovirus. Croat Med J 44 :702–706.
Cohen Stuart JW, Hazebergh MD, Hamann D, Otto SA, Borleffs JC, Miedema F, Boucher CA, de Boer RJ, 2000. The dominant source of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell activation in HIV infection is antigenic stimulation. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 25 :203–211.
Grossman Z, Paul WE, 2000. The impact of HIV on naive T-cell homeostasis. Nat Med 6 :976–977.
Kemp K, Akanmori BD, Adabayeri V, Goka BQ, Kurtzhals JA, Behr C, Hviid L, 2002. Cytokine production and apoptosis among T cells from patients under treatment for Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Clin Exp Immunol 127 :151–157.
Worku S, Bjorkman A, Troye-Blomberg M, Jemaneh L, Farnert A, Christensson B, 1997. Lymphocyte activation and subset redistribution in the peripheral blood in acute malaria illness: distinct gammadelta+ T cell patterns in Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax infections. Clin Exp Immunol 108 :34–41.
Dorsey G, Gasasira AF, Machekano R, Kamya MR, Staedke SG, Hubbard A, 2004. The impact of age, temperature, and parasite density on treatment outcomes from antimalarial clinical trials in Kampala, Uganda. Am J Trop Med Hyg 71 :531–536.
World Health Organization, 2003. Assessment and monitoring of antimalarial drug efficacy for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Available from http://www.emro.who.int/rbm/publications/protocolwho.pdf.
Cattamanchi A, Kyabayinze D, Hubbard A, Rosenthal PJ, Dorsey G, 2003. Distinguishing recrudescence from reinfection in a longitudinal antimalarial drug efficacy study: comparison of results based on genotyping of msp-1, msp-2, and glurp. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 :133–139.
Eggena MP, Barugahare B, Okello M, Mutyala S, Jones N, Ma Y, Kityo C, Mugyenyi P, Cao H, 2005. T cell activation in HIV-seropositive Ugandans: differential associations with viral load, CD4+ T cell depletion, and coinfection. J Infect Dis 191 :694–701.
Hunt PW, Deeks SG, Rodriguez B, Valdez H, Shade SB, Abrams DI, Kitahata MM, Krone M, Neilands TB, Brand RJ, Lederman MM, Martin JN, 2003. Continued CD4 cell count increases in HIV-infected adults experiencing 4 years of viral suppression on antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 17 :1907–1915.
Sousa AE, Carneiro J, Meier-Schellersheim M, Grossman Z, Victorino RM, 2002. CD4 T cell depletion is linked directly to immune activation in the pathogenesis of HIV-1 and HIV-2 but only indirectly to the viral load. J Immunol 169 :3400–3406.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 9 | 9 | 6 |
Full Text Views | 244 | 85 | 0 |
PDF Downloads | 31 | 13 | 0 |