Author:
- INTRODUCTION
- MATERIALS AND METHODS
- Virus strain.
- Complement fixation (CF) and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) tests.
- Cell culture.
- Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and negative staining (NS).
- Immunoelectron microscopy.
- Ultra-thin sections.
- Ultrastructural cytochemical analysis.
- Scanning electron microscopy.
- Virus precipitation and purification.
- Extraction of RNA and amplification of cDNA.
- Partial amplification of the glycoprotein and nucleoprotein genes.
- Nucleotide sequencing.
- Phylogenetic analysis.
- RESULTS
- Complement fixation and hemagglutination inhibition tests.
- Cell culture.
- Scanning electron microscopy.
- Ultra-thin section analysis.
- Ultrastructural immunocytochemical analysis.
- Negative staining analysis.
- Electron immunomicroscopic analysis.
- Partial nucleotide sequence determination of the glycoprotein and nucleoprotein genes of Araguari virus.
- Phylogenetic analysis.
- DISCUSSION
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1
Karabatsos N, 1985. International Catalog of Arboviruses, Including Certain other Viruses of Vertebrates. Third edition. San Antonio, TX: American Society for Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 33–34.
-
2
Zeller HG, Karabatsos N, Calisher CH, Digoutte JP, Cropp CB, Murphy FA, Shope RE, 1989. Electron microscopic and antigenic studies of uncharacterized viruses. I. Evidence suggesting the placement of viruses in families Arenaviridae, Paramyxoviridae, or Poxviridae. Arch Virol 108 :191–209.
-
3
Calisher CH, Carstens EB, Christian P, Mahy BWJ, Mayo MA, Shope RE, 2000. Unassigned viruses. van Regenmortel MHV, Fauquet CM, Bishop DHL, Carstens EB, Estes MK, Lemon SM, Maniloff J, Mayo MA, McGeoch DJ, Pringle CR, Wickner RB, eds. Virus Taxonomy, Classification and Nomenclature of Viruses. Seventh Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 995–1008.
-
4
Beaty B, Calisher CH, Shope RE, 1995. Arboviruses. Lennette DA, ed. Diagnostic Procedures for Viral, Rickettsial and Chlamydial Infections, Washington, DC: American Public Health Association, 797–855.
-
5
Clarke DH, Casals J, 1958. Techinique for hemagglutination and hemagglutination inhibition with arthropod-borne viruses. Am J Trop Med Hyg 7 :561–573.
-
6
Hsiung GD, Fong CKY, August MJ, 1979. The use of electron microscopy for diagnosis of virus infections: an overview. Prog Med Virol 25 :133–159.
-
7
Almeida JD, Waterson AP, 1969. The morphology of virus-antibody interaction. Adv Virus Res 15 :307–338.
-
8
Almeida JD, 1980. Practical aspects of diagnostic electron microscopy. Yale J Biol Med 53 :5–18.
-
9
Araújo MTF, Araújo R, Oliveira ML, 1979. Processamento de tecidos para análise da ultra-estrutura celular. Hileia Med 1 :13–15.
-
10
Luft JH, 1961. Improvements in epoxy resin embedding methods. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 2 :409–414.
-
11
Reynolds ES, 1963. The use of lead citrate and high pH as an electron opaque stain in electron microscopy. J Cell Biol 17 :208–213.
-
12
Bullock GR, Petrusz P, 1982. Techiniques in Immunocytochemistry. London: Academic Press, 34–55.
-
13
Bozzola JJ, Russell LD, 1999. Electron Microscopy: Principles and Techniques for Biologists. Second edition. Boston: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.
-
14
Rico-Hesse R, Pallansh MA, Mottay BK, Kew OM, 1987. Geographic distribuition of wild poliovirus type 1 genotypes. Virology 160 :311–322.
-
15
Frese M, Weber M, Weber F, Speth V, Haller O, 1997. Mx1 sensitivity: Batken virus is an orthomyxovirus closely related to Dhori virus. J Gen Virol 78 :2453–2458.
-
16
Saitou N, Nei M, 1987. The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstruction phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 4 :406–425.
-
17
Swofford DL, 1998. PAUP. Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (and Other Methods). Version 4. Suderland, MA: Sinauer Associates.
-
18
Kumar S, Tamura K, Nei M, 2000. Molecular Evolutionary Genetic Analysis. Version 1.01. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University.
-
19
Kimura M, 1980. A simple method for estimating evolutionary rate of base substitution through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. J Gen Virol 77 :1761–1768.
-
20
Felsenstein J, 1985. Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution 39 :783–791.
-
21
Cox NJ, Fuller F, Kaverin N, Klenk HD, Lamb RA, Mahy BWJ, McCauley J, Nakamura K, Palese P, Webster R, 2000. Family Orthomyxoviridae. Regenmortel MHV, Fauquet CM, Bishop DHL, Carstens EB, Estes MK, Lemon SM, Maniloff J, Mayo MA, McGeoch DJ, Pringle CR, Wickner RB, eds. Virus Taxonomy, Classification and Nomenclature. Seventh Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 585–597.
-
22
Dias LB, 1982. Histopatologia das Arboviroses A mazônicas. Simpósio Internacional sobre Arbovírus dos Trópicos e Febres Hemorrágicas. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 171–174.
-
23
Dias LB, 1986. Patologia natural e experimental de arbovírus e vírus correlatos isolados na Amazônia. Ciências Biológicas e à Medicina Tropical. Instituto Evandro Chagas: 50 anos de contribuição às Fund Serv Saude Publica 1 :439–450.
-
24
Davies MCR, Jones LD, Nuttall PA, 1986. Experimental studies on the transmission cycle of Thogoto virus, a candidate orthomyxovirus, in Ricephalus appendiculatus. Am J Trop Med Hyg 49 :1256–1262.
-
25
Filipe AR, Casals J, 1979. Isolation of Dhori virus from Hyalomma marginatum ticks in Portugal. Intervirology 11 :124–127.
-
26
Filipe AR, Peleteiro MC, Monath TP, Calisher CH, 1986. Pathological lesions in mice infected with Thogoto virus, a tick-borne Orthomyxovirus. Acta Virol 30 :337–340.
-
27
Filipe AR, Peleteiro MC, Andrade HR, 1990. Dhori virus induced lesions in mice. Acta Virol 24 :578–581.
-
28
Both TF, Davies CR, Jones LD, Staunton D, Nuttall PA, 1989. Anatomical basis of Thogoto virus infection in BHK cell culture and in the ixodid tick vector, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus. J Gen Virol 70 :1093–1104.
-
29
Clouthier SC, Rector T, Brown NE, Anderson ED, 2002. Genomic organization of infectious salmon anaemia virus. J Gen Virol 83 :421–428.
-
30
Murphy FA, Webster RG, 1996. Orthomyxoviruses. Fields BN, Knipe DM, Howley PM, eds. Virology. Second edition. New York: Raven Press, 1091–1152.
-
31
Stauton D, Nuttall PA, Bishop DH, 1989. Sequence analyses of Thogoto viral RNA segment 3: evidence for a distant relationship between members of the Orthomyxoviridae. J Gen Virol 70 :2811–2817.
-
32
Siebler J, Haller O, Kocks G, 1996. Thogoto and Dhori virus replication is blocked by inhibitiors of cellular polymerase II activity but does not cause shutoff of host cell protein synthesis. Arch Virol 141 :1587–1594.
-
33
Leahy MB, Dessens JT, Weber F, Kocks G, Nuttall PA, 1997. The fourth genus in the Orthomyxoviridae: sequence analyses of two Thogoto virus polymerase proteins and comparison with Influenza viruses. Virus Res 50 :215–224.
-
34
Lamb RA, Krug RM, 2001. Orthomyxoviridae: The Viruses and Their Replication. Knipe DM, Howley PM, eds. Fields Virology. Fourth edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 1487–1532.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 41 | 40 | 10 |
| Full Text Views | 500 | 205 | 1 |
| PDF Downloads | 151 | 49 | 0 |
ARAGUARI VIRUS, A NEW MEMBER OF THE FAMILY ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE: SEROLOGIC, ULTRASTRUCTURAL, AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION
ELIANA V. PINTO DA SILVA
ELIANA V. PINTO DA SILVA
Departamento de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ministério da Saúde, Belém, Pará, Brazil; Department of Pathology and Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Instituto de Saúde e Produção Animal, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, Pará, Brazil
Search for other papers by ELIANA V. PINTO DA SILVA in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by ELIANA V. PINTO DA SILVA in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
AMELIA P. A. TRAVASSOS DA ROSA
AMELIA P. A. TRAVASSOS DA ROSA
Departamento de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ministério da Saúde, Belém, Pará, Brazil; Department of Pathology and Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Instituto de Saúde e Produção Animal, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, Pará, Brazil
Search for other papers by AMELIA P. A. TRAVASSOS DA ROSA in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by AMELIA P. A. TRAVASSOS DA ROSA in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
MÁRCIO R. T. NUNES
MÁRCIO R. T. NUNES
Departamento de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ministério da Saúde, Belém, Pará, Brazil; Department of Pathology and Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Instituto de Saúde e Produção Animal, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, Pará, Brazil
Search for other papers by MÁRCIO R. T. NUNES in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by MÁRCIO R. T. NUNES in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
JOSÉ A. P. DINIZ
JOSÉ A. P. DINIZ
Departamento de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ministério da Saúde, Belém, Pará, Brazil; Department of Pathology and Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Instituto de Saúde e Produção Animal, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, Pará, Brazil
Search for other papers by JOSÉ A. P. DINIZ in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by JOSÉ A. P. DINIZ in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
ROBERT B. TESH
ROBERT B. TESH
Departamento de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ministério da Saúde, Belém, Pará, Brazil; Department of Pathology and Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Instituto de Saúde e Produção Animal, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, Pará, Brazil
Search for other papers by ROBERT B. TESH in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by ROBERT B. TESH in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
ANA C. R. CRUZ
ANA C. R. CRUZ
Departamento de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ministério da Saúde, Belém, Pará, Brazil; Department of Pathology and Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Instituto de Saúde e Produção Animal, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, Pará, Brazil
Search for other papers by ANA C. R. CRUZ in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by ANA C. R. CRUZ in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
CONCEIÇÃO M. A. VIEIRA
CONCEIÇÃO M. A. VIEIRA
Departamento de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ministério da Saúde, Belém, Pará, Brazil; Department of Pathology and Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Instituto de Saúde e Produção Animal, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, Pará, Brazil
Search for other papers by CONCEIÇÃO M. A. VIEIRA in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by CONCEIÇÃO M. A. VIEIRA in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
PEDRO F. C. VASCONCELOS
PEDRO F. C. VASCONCELOS
Departamento de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ministério da Saúde, Belém, Pará, Brazil; Department of Pathology and Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Instituto de Saúde e Produção Animal, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, Pará, Brazil
Search for other papers by PEDRO F. C. VASCONCELOS in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by PEDRO F. C. VASCONCELOS in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
This paper reports the results of serologic, structural, biochemical, and genetic studies indicating that Araguari virus, a previously unassigned viral agent, is a member of the family Orthomyxoviridae and genus Thogotovirus. Araguari virus has six RNA fragments; biologically, it shares several properties with other viruses in the family Orthomyxoviridae. Nucleotide sequencing of the RNA segments 4 (glycoprotein) and 5 (nucleoprotein) of Araguari virus aligned with the orthomyxoviruses, showing the closest relationship with Thogoto virus (sequence similarity = 61.9% and 69.1%, respectively, for glycoprotein and nucleoprotein), but also sharing a more distant similarity with Dhori and Influenza C viruses, especially for the glycoprotein gene. Based on these results, we propose that Araguari virus should be assigned as a new member of the family Orthomyxoviridae and genus Thogotovirus.
- INTRODUCTION
- MATERIALS AND METHODS
- Virus strain.
- Complement fixation (CF) and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) tests.
- Cell culture.
- Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and negative staining (NS).
- Immunoelectron microscopy.
- Ultra-thin sections.
- Ultrastructural cytochemical analysis.
- Scanning electron microscopy.
- Virus precipitation and purification.
- Extraction of RNA and amplification of cDNA.
- Partial amplification of the glycoprotein and nucleoprotein genes.
- Nucleotide sequencing.
- Phylogenetic analysis.
- RESULTS
- Complement fixation and hemagglutination inhibition tests.
- Cell culture.
- Scanning electron microscopy.
- Ultra-thin section analysis.
- Ultrastructural immunocytochemical analysis.
- Negative staining analysis.
- Electron immunomicroscopic analysis.
- Partial nucleotide sequence determination of the glycoprotein and nucleoprotein genes of Araguari virus.
- Phylogenetic analysis.
- DISCUSSION
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1
Karabatsos N, 1985. International Catalog of Arboviruses, Including Certain other Viruses of Vertebrates. Third edition. San Antonio, TX: American Society for Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 33–34.
-
2
Zeller HG, Karabatsos N, Calisher CH, Digoutte JP, Cropp CB, Murphy FA, Shope RE, 1989. Electron microscopic and antigenic studies of uncharacterized viruses. I. Evidence suggesting the placement of viruses in families Arenaviridae, Paramyxoviridae, or Poxviridae. Arch Virol 108 :191–209.
-
3
Calisher CH, Carstens EB, Christian P, Mahy BWJ, Mayo MA, Shope RE, 2000. Unassigned viruses. van Regenmortel MHV, Fauquet CM, Bishop DHL, Carstens EB, Estes MK, Lemon SM, Maniloff J, Mayo MA, McGeoch DJ, Pringle CR, Wickner RB, eds. Virus Taxonomy, Classification and Nomenclature of Viruses. Seventh Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 995–1008.
-
4
Beaty B, Calisher CH, Shope RE, 1995. Arboviruses. Lennette DA, ed. Diagnostic Procedures for Viral, Rickettsial and Chlamydial Infections, Washington, DC: American Public Health Association, 797–855.
-
5
Clarke DH, Casals J, 1958. Techinique for hemagglutination and hemagglutination inhibition with arthropod-borne viruses. Am J Trop Med Hyg 7 :561–573.
-
6
Hsiung GD, Fong CKY, August MJ, 1979. The use of electron microscopy for diagnosis of virus infections: an overview. Prog Med Virol 25 :133–159.
-
7
Almeida JD, Waterson AP, 1969. The morphology of virus-antibody interaction. Adv Virus Res 15 :307–338.
-
8
Almeida JD, 1980. Practical aspects of diagnostic electron microscopy. Yale J Biol Med 53 :5–18.
-
9
Araújo MTF, Araújo R, Oliveira ML, 1979. Processamento de tecidos para análise da ultra-estrutura celular. Hileia Med 1 :13–15.
-
10
Luft JH, 1961. Improvements in epoxy resin embedding methods. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 2 :409–414.
-
11
Reynolds ES, 1963. The use of lead citrate and high pH as an electron opaque stain in electron microscopy. J Cell Biol 17 :208–213.
-
12
Bullock GR, Petrusz P, 1982. Techiniques in Immunocytochemistry. London: Academic Press, 34–55.
-
13
Bozzola JJ, Russell LD, 1999. Electron Microscopy: Principles and Techniques for Biologists. Second edition. Boston: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.
-
14
Rico-Hesse R, Pallansh MA, Mottay BK, Kew OM, 1987. Geographic distribuition of wild poliovirus type 1 genotypes. Virology 160 :311–322.
-
15
Frese M, Weber M, Weber F, Speth V, Haller O, 1997. Mx1 sensitivity: Batken virus is an orthomyxovirus closely related to Dhori virus. J Gen Virol 78 :2453–2458.
-
16
Saitou N, Nei M, 1987. The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstruction phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 4 :406–425.
-
17
Swofford DL, 1998. PAUP. Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (and Other Methods). Version 4. Suderland, MA: Sinauer Associates.
-
18
Kumar S, Tamura K, Nei M, 2000. Molecular Evolutionary Genetic Analysis. Version 1.01. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University.
-
19
Kimura M, 1980. A simple method for estimating evolutionary rate of base substitution through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. J Gen Virol 77 :1761–1768.
-
20
Felsenstein J, 1985. Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution 39 :783–791.
-
21
Cox NJ, Fuller F, Kaverin N, Klenk HD, Lamb RA, Mahy BWJ, McCauley J, Nakamura K, Palese P, Webster R, 2000. Family Orthomyxoviridae. Regenmortel MHV, Fauquet CM, Bishop DHL, Carstens EB, Estes MK, Lemon SM, Maniloff J, Mayo MA, McGeoch DJ, Pringle CR, Wickner RB, eds. Virus Taxonomy, Classification and Nomenclature. Seventh Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 585–597.
-
22
Dias LB, 1982. Histopatologia das Arboviroses A mazônicas. Simpósio Internacional sobre Arbovírus dos Trópicos e Febres Hemorrágicas. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 171–174.
-
23
Dias LB, 1986. Patologia natural e experimental de arbovírus e vírus correlatos isolados na Amazônia. Ciências Biológicas e à Medicina Tropical. Instituto Evandro Chagas: 50 anos de contribuição às Fund Serv Saude Publica 1 :439–450.
-
24
Davies MCR, Jones LD, Nuttall PA, 1986. Experimental studies on the transmission cycle of Thogoto virus, a candidate orthomyxovirus, in Ricephalus appendiculatus. Am J Trop Med Hyg 49 :1256–1262.
-
25
Filipe AR, Casals J, 1979. Isolation of Dhori virus from Hyalomma marginatum ticks in Portugal. Intervirology 11 :124–127.
-
26
Filipe AR, Peleteiro MC, Monath TP, Calisher CH, 1986. Pathological lesions in mice infected with Thogoto virus, a tick-borne Orthomyxovirus. Acta Virol 30 :337–340.
-
27
Filipe AR, Peleteiro MC, Andrade HR, 1990. Dhori virus induced lesions in mice. Acta Virol 24 :578–581.
-
28
Both TF, Davies CR, Jones LD, Staunton D, Nuttall PA, 1989. Anatomical basis of Thogoto virus infection in BHK cell culture and in the ixodid tick vector, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus. J Gen Virol 70 :1093–1104.
-
29
Clouthier SC, Rector T, Brown NE, Anderson ED, 2002. Genomic organization of infectious salmon anaemia virus. J Gen Virol 83 :421–428.
-
30
Murphy FA, Webster RG, 1996. Orthomyxoviruses. Fields BN, Knipe DM, Howley PM, eds. Virology. Second edition. New York: Raven Press, 1091–1152.
-
31
Stauton D, Nuttall PA, Bishop DH, 1989. Sequence analyses of Thogoto viral RNA segment 3: evidence for a distant relationship between members of the Orthomyxoviridae. J Gen Virol 70 :2811–2817.
-
32
Siebler J, Haller O, Kocks G, 1996. Thogoto and Dhori virus replication is blocked by inhibitiors of cellular polymerase II activity but does not cause shutoff of host cell protein synthesis. Arch Virol 141 :1587–1594.
-
33
Leahy MB, Dessens JT, Weber F, Kocks G, Nuttall PA, 1997. The fourth genus in the Orthomyxoviridae: sequence analyses of two Thogoto virus polymerase proteins and comparison with Influenza viruses. Virus Res 50 :215–224.
-
34
Lamb RA, Krug RM, 2001. Orthomyxoviridae: The Viruses and Their Replication. Knipe DM, Howley PM, eds. Fields Virology. Fourth edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 1487–1532.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 41 | 40 | 10 |
| Full Text Views | 500 | 205 | 1 |
| PDF Downloads | 151 | 49 | 0 |