PLASMODIUM VIVAX: TRANSMISSION-BLOCKING IMMUNITY IN A MALARIA-ENDEMIC AREA OF COLOMBIA

MYRIAM ARÉVALO-HERRERA Instituto de Inmunología del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Malaria Vaccine and Drug Development Center, Cali, Colombia, School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland

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YEZID SOLARTE Instituto de Inmunología del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Malaria Vaccine and Drug Development Center, Cali, Colombia, School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland

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FELIPE ZAMORA Instituto de Inmunología del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Malaria Vaccine and Drug Development Center, Cali, Colombia, School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland

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FABIÁN MENDEZ Instituto de Inmunología del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Malaria Vaccine and Drug Development Center, Cali, Colombia, School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland

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MARIA FERNANDA YASNOT Instituto de Inmunología del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Malaria Vaccine and Drug Development Center, Cali, Colombia, School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland

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LEONARDO ROCHA Instituto de Inmunología del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Malaria Vaccine and Drug Development Center, Cali, Colombia, School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland

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CAROLE LONG Instituto de Inmunología del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Malaria Vaccine and Drug Development Center, Cali, Colombia, School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland

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LOUIS H. MILLER Instituto de Inmunología del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Malaria Vaccine and Drug Development Center, Cali, Colombia, School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland

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SÓCRATES HERRERA Instituto de Inmunología del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Malaria Vaccine and Drug Development Center, Cali, Colombia, School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland

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Plasmodium vivax transmission-blocking activity was assessed in sera from acutely infected patients from a malaria-endemic area in Colombia. We measured reduction in the number of oocysts that developed in the midguts of Anopheles albimanus mosquitoes artificially fed with blood from these patients. Of 88 mosquito batches that developed infections when parasites were mixed with normal AB human serum, one-third (36.4%) showed full transmission-blocking activity (≥ 90% inhibition) when mixed with autologous sera, 29.6% showed partial activity (50–89%), 17.0% did not block transmission (0–50%), and 17% did not enhance transmission. Transmission-blocking activity correlated with antibody titer by an immunofluorescent antibody test and decreased with the serial dilution of the sera. This activity disappeared at a 1:4 dilution in most sera tested. Afro-Colombian individuals showed lower activity than other ethnic groups and febrile patients produced stronger inhibition than those without fever.

Author Notes

Reprint requests: Myriam Arévalo-Herrera, Malaria Vaccine and Drug Testing Center, Cra 35, No. 4A-53, Cali, Colombia.
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