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The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
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CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF IMPORTED MALARIA IN JAPAN: ANALYSIS AT A REFERRAL HOSPITAL

TOSHIYUKI MIURADivision of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Drug Informatics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan

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MIKIO KIMURADivision of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Drug Informatics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan

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TOMOHIKO KOIBUCHIDivision of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Drug Informatics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan

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TOKIOMI ENDODivision of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Drug Informatics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan

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HITOMI NAKAMURADivision of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Drug Informatics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan

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TAKASHI ODAWARADivision of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Drug Informatics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan

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YUSUKE WATAYADivision of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Drug Informatics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan

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TETSUYA NAKAMURADivision of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Drug Informatics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan

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AIKICHI IWAMOTODivision of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Drug Informatics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan

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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2005.73.599
Volume/Issue:
Volume 73: Issue 3
Page(s):
599–603
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Imported malaria remains an important problem in Japan. We have reviewed the medical records of 170 cases of malaria in our hospital, which corresponds to 14.9% of the total cases in Japan. The predominant malarial species was Plasmodium falciparum (52.3%), and the most frequent area of acquisition was Africa (54.2%), followed by Asia (20.9%) and Oceania (19.6%). The most common reason for travel among Japanese patients was business. A significant proportion (22.2%) of vivax malaria cases experienced relapse despite standard primaquine therapy. Most primaquine failures were from Oceania. We also found that a substantial number of Japanese patients contracted malaria without chemoprophylaxis and consulted medical facilities with an unfavorably long delay from initial symptoms (median: 3.0 days). Direct education of travelers and travel companies, in addition to health care providers, is likely necessary to improve outcomes of imported malaria.

Author Notes

Reprint requests: Tetsuya Nakamura, Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan, Telephone: +81-3-5449-5338, Fax: +81-3-5449-5427, E-mail: tnakamur@ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
Copyright:
Copyright 2005 The American Society of Tropical Medicine 2005
Received:
18 Aug 2004
|
Accepted:
20 Mar 2005
|
Published Online:
Sep 2005
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